摘要:
A device for controlling a throttle cross-section of at least one control orifice in a bypass line extending around a throttle valve of an air intake pipe of an internal combustion engine, for regulating an idle speed of the internal combustion engine, and comprising a throttle member, a spring element for biasing the throttle member to an initial position thereof, and a positioning motor for moving the throttle member from its initial position against a bias force of the spring element, upon failure of the spring element and when the positioning motor is actuated, to establish a safety cross-section in the bypass line, a quantity of operating medium flowing through the safety cross-section being less than a quantity of operating medium flowing through a complete cross-section of the control orifice whereby idle operation of the internal combustion engine is insured.
摘要:
There is described a method and an apparatus for use with the fuel preparation system of an internal combustion engine, for example, a fuel injection system which operates injection valves with electrical control pulses. When the gas pedal of a vehicle is actuated abruptly, the air flow measuring device of such systems is subject to oscillations around its equilibrium point, and the initial one of these swings is used to cause enrichment of the fuel-air mixture. The return swing generates an undesired lean signal which is suppressed by a "damping circuit". In addition, there is provided mixture enriching during steady applications of the gas pedal by means of a time-decaying enrichment signal generated by a slow acting circuit which operates in superposition to the action of the damping circuit. Both circuits may be suppressed by a blocking circuit during certain engine conditions, for example, during engine starting and engine overrunning as well as on the basis of temperature.
摘要:
The cyclic control pulses for actuating the fuel injection valves of an internal combustion engine are extended during engine starting at low temperatures. The degree of pulse extension, i.e. of fuel enrichment, is made dependent on engine temperature and decreases as a function of cranking time. In addition, a repeated starting attempt will be accompanied by reduced pulse extension to prevent excessive enrichment of the mixture. The pulse extension may also be retained for a period of time after engine cranking to insure smooth running.
摘要:
The invention is directed to a system for setting the throttle flap angle for an internal combustion engine. The system sets the idle stop for the idle throttle flap angle and monitors the setting with respect to defects that occur. If the throttle flap is in contact engagement with the idle stop, a contact is actuated which causes a buffer storage of the actual throttle flap angle which thereby represents the position of the idle stop. If then, for example, the idle stop changes during driving operation, its new position is established upon a renewed contact engagement of the throttle flap, by measuring the throttle flap angle. A possible defect can be established from a comparison of actual and desired values and a positioning motor is then appropriately driven to displace the idle stop. This system has the advantage that a defect occurring in the region of the positioning motor is detected without additional circuit complexity.
摘要:
The flexible printed circuit device, includes at least one hybrid circuit structure having assigned contact areas, a rigid printed circuit board, a flexible printed circuit board portion also having assigned contact areas on one end region thereof and being connected electrically to the rigid printed circuit board, a plurality of bonding electrical conductors, each of the electrical conductors being bonded at one end thereof to one of the assigned contact areas on the at least one hybrid circuit structure and, at the other end thereof, to one of the assigned contact areas on the end region of the flexible printed circuit board portion; and a rigid support, the hybrid circuit structure being mounted on the rigid support. The end region of the flexible printed circuit board portion is fixedly mounted on the rigid support in side-by-side relationship with the hybrid circuit structure. A protective frame is provided enclosing the electrical conductors electrically connecting the assigned contact areas on the hybrid circuit structure and the end region of the flexible printed circuit board portion.
摘要:
It is presented a method for adjusting handover parameters of a processed base station in relation to neighbouring base stations, neighbouring the processed base station. The method being executed in a handover parameter determiner and comprises: obtaining (20) a list of neighbouring base stations of the mobile communication network; determining (22), for each of the neighbouring base stations in the list, a capability to send handover issue report messages; and adjusting (24) the handover parameters based on the determined capabilities for each of the neighbouring base stations in the list.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method for producing sandwich construction elements for substantially load-bearing and self-supporting building parts. In order to produce a sandwich element which is suitable for self-supporting and substantially load-bearing building parts, since it ensures the necessary transmission of the compressive, tensile and shear forces between the cover layer and core layer and meets the increased fire-protection requirements, the production method proposed contains the following steps: a) producing at least one layer of a mechanically bonded fiber nonwoven which is impregnated with a binder based on at least one heat-curable resin system, and is itself based on naturally occurring raw materials, in particular hemp, flax, jute, sisal, kenaf, cotton and wool and/or mixtures thereof, b) curing the heat-curable resin system in order to produce at least one hardened layer of the fiber nonwoven, wherein, before and/or during the curing operation, a surface structure is applied to at least part of the layer of the fiber nonwoven and/or at least one further binder based on at least one heat-curable resin system is applied to at least part of the surface of the hardened layer of the fiber nonwoven, and fixed thermally, c) bringing a heat-foamable or heat-foamed phenol resin into contact with that surface of at least one hardened layer of the fiber nonwoven which has been modified according to step b), d) possibly annealing, at temperatures ranging from 40 to 80° C., the composite produced in a) to c), and e) curing the further binder based on at least one heat-curable resin system, and possibly applied in b), at a temperature ranging from 150 to 200° C., possibly under elevated pressure.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method in a Mobility Management Entity (10,11) for handling a setup of an S1 Application Protocol signalling connection between a first radio base station and the Mobility Management Entity (10,11) in a Long Term Evolution radio communications network. The Mobility Management Entity (10,11) receives an S1 Setup Request message from the first radio base station (12). Furthermore, the Mobility Management Entity (10,11) sends an S1 Setup Response message to the first radio base station (12) enabling the first radio base station to handle the setup of the S1 Application Protocol signalling connection. The S1 Setup Response message comprises an indication of at least one supported tracking area code of a tracking area, which tracking area is served by the Mobility Management Entity (10,11).
摘要:
An ultrasonic dental handpiece and insert assembly is provided. Scaler inserts that can be used to clean and polish tooth surfaces are particularly preferred. A sleeve is removably mounted on the handpiece. The handpiece contains a primary coil and the sleeve encloses a secondary coil, which are inductively coupled together so that electromagnetic energy can be transferred between them. A flexible light guide member having a light source such as a light-emitting diode extends from the sleeve. The light guide can bend and flex in any direction allowing the light source to emit light in any direction.
摘要:
A system and method of scheduling radio resources for a plurality of users in a packet-switched radio communication network. A scheduling number (Si) is calculated for each user before each scheduling event. A weight (Wi) is assigned to each user based on an associated Quality of Service. The Si varies depending on the assigned Wi and when the user entered the scheduling session. Radio resources are assigned to the user having the largest ratio Wi/Si between the weight and the scheduling number.