摘要:
Emission gasses from an engine exhaust pipe are collected through an inlet of a dilution tunnel which is an elongated, hollow tube. The inlet is spaced from the exhaust pipe to also admit surrounding air. Ambient air and emissions are mixed in the tunnel by a screen in the tunnel. A probe in the tunnel diverts a portion of the mixture to gas analyzers. Prior to analysis the mixture may be condensed, filtered or otherwise processed. The analysis determines a CO/CO.sub.2 ratio which is used to determine the air/fuel ratio in the engine based on characteristics of the fuel. The air/fuel mixture of the engine is then adjusted to achieve desired performance.
摘要翻译:来自发动机排气管的排放气体通过作为细长的中空管的稀释通道的入口收集。 入口与排气管间隔开,同时也允许进入周围的空气。 环境空气和排放物通过隧道中的屏幕在隧道中混合。 隧道中的探头将一部分混合物转移到气体分析仪中。 在分析之前,可以将混合物冷凝,过滤或以其它方式处理。 该分析确定用于基于燃料的特性来确定发动机中的空气/燃料比的CO / CO 2比。 然后调整发动机的空气/燃料混合物以实现期望的性能。
摘要:
Emission gasses from an engine exhaust pipe are collected through an inlet of a dilution tunnel which is an elongated, hollow tube. The inlet is spaced from the exhaust pipe to also admit surrounding air. The air and emissions are mixed in the tunnel by a screen in the tunnel. A probe in the tunnel diverts a portion of the mixture to gas analyzers. Prior to analysis the mixture may be condensed, filtered or otherwise processed.
摘要:
Crankcase scavenged two-stroke internal combustion engine (1), in which a piston ported air passage is arranged between an air inlet (2) and the upper part of a number of transfer ducts (3, 3′). The air passage is arranged from an air inlet (2) equipped with a restriction valve (4), controlled by at least one engine parameter, for instance the carburetor throttle control. The air inlet extends via at least one connecting duct (6, 6′) to at least one connecting port (8, 8′) in the engine's cylinder wall (12). The connecting port (8, 8′) is arranged so that it in connection with piston positions at the top dead center is connected with flow paths (10, 10′) embodied in the piston (13), which extend to the upper part of a number of transfer ducts (3, 3′). Each flow path through the cylinder and piston is to a great extent arranged in the cylinder's lateral direction, on the one hand in that the connecting port (8, 8′) and adjacent scavenging port (31, 31′) of the cylinder are shifted sideways in relation to each other along the periphery of the cylinder wall (12), and on the other hand in that the transfer ducts (3, 3′) of the cylinder are running essentially in the cylinder's lateral direction away from each transfer port (31, 31′) respectively, i.e. tangentially in relation to the circumference of the cylinder wall (12).
摘要:
Crankcase scavenged two-stroke internal combustion engine (1), in which a piston ported air passage is arranged between an air inlet (2) and the upper part of a number of transfer ducts (3, 3′). The air passage is arranged from an air inlet (2) equipped with a restriction valve (4), controlled by at least one engine parameter, for instance the carburetor throttle control. The air inlet extends via at least one connecting duct (6, 6′) to at least one connecting port (8, 8′) in the engine's cylinder wall (12). The connecting port (8, 8′) is arranged so that it in connection with piston positions at the top dead center is connected with flow paths (10, 10′) embodied in the piston (13), which extend to the upper part of a number of transfer ducts (3, 3′). Each flow path through the cylinder and piston is to a great extent arranged in the cylinder's lateral direction, on the one hand in that the connecting port (8, 8′) and adjacent scavenging port (31, 31′) of the cylinder are shifted sideways in relation to each other along the periphery of the cylinder wall (12), and on the other hand in that the transfer ducts (3, 3′) of the cylinder are running essentially in the cylinder's lateral direction away from each transfer port (31, 31′) respectively, i.e. tangentially in relation to the circumference of the cylinder wall (12).
摘要:
Crankcase scavenged internal combustion engine (1) of two-stroke type, intended for a working tool, preferably a chain saw or a trimmer, and provided with a light-weight and compact muffler (2). The engine is arranged with a particularly high crankcase compression created in that at least one filling (3, 4, 5, 6) is placed into the compression area (7) under the engine piston (8) in form of a filled balance (3) and/or a piston filling (4) and/or a piston washer (5) and/or a stationary filling (6), at the same time as the engine is provided with an especially strong throttling created in the engine's exhaust side, i.e. in its exhaust port (9) and/or in a possible exhaust duct (10) and/or in the muffler (2).
摘要:
The invention relates to an internal combustion engine comprising a fuel injector (2) for each cylinder; a fuel injection control unit (4) for controlling fuel injection quantity and a piston (5) in each cylinder whose compression action causes a mixture of air and fuel to be ignited. The engine is further provided with inlet and outlet valves (6, 7) and various sensors (12-16) for measuring various engine operating parameters. During compression ignition mode, the control unit (4) is arranged to select a λ-value from a map stored in the control unit, which value is a function of engine load and engine speed, and to compare the actual λ-value with the selected λ-value; whereby the control unit is arranged to adjust the intake manifold pressure as a function of the difference between the said λ-values in order to obtain the selected λ-value. The invention further relates to a method for operating the engine and a computer readable storage device (4).
摘要:
The invention relates to an internal combustion engine comprising at least two cylinders, at each of which at least one inlet for at least one combustion ingredient is provided. The engine comprises communication means, adapted to provide communication between at least a first of the cylinders, at which a first piston is provided, and a second of the cylinders, at which a second piston is provided, during at least a part of an engine operation period starting during a movement of the first piston towards a bottom dead center (BDC) position at a work stroke of the first cylinder and ending during a movement of the first piston away from the bottom dead center (BDC) position, during which engine operation period the second piston moves towards a bottom dead center (BDC) position and/or away from the bottom dead center (BDC) position.
摘要:
An internal combustion engine that can be operated in compression ignition mode, comprising a fuel injector (2) for each cylinder; a fuel injection control unit (4) for controlling fuel injection quantity and a piston (5) in each cylinder whose compression action causes a mixture of air and fuel to be ignited. The engine is further provided with inlet and outlet valves (6, 7) and sensors (12-16) for measuring various engine operating parameters, is disclosed. During compression ignition mode, the control unit controls the fuel injector to perform a first fuel injection before, and a second fuel injection after top dead center of the piston stroke during or after a negative valve overlap period. A method for operating the engine and a computer readable storage device (4) having stored therein data representing instructions executable by a computer to implement a compression ignition for an internal combustion engine is also described.
摘要:
An internal combustion engine that can be operated in compression ignition mode, comprising a fuel injector (2) for each cylinder; a fuel injection control unit (4) for controlling fuel injection quantity and a piston (5) in each cylinder whose compression action causes a mixture of air and fuel to be ignited. The engine is further provided with inlet and outlet valves (6, 7) and sensors (12-16) for measuring various engine operating parameters, is disclosed. During compression ignition mode, the control unit controls the fuel injector to perform a first fuel injection before, and a second fuel injection after top dead center of the piston stroke during or after a negative valve overlap period. A method for operating the engine and a computer readable storage device (4) having stored therein data representing instructions executable by a computer to implement a compression ignition for an internal combustion engine is also described.
摘要:
In a method and device for controlling a carburetor (1) of an i. c. engine, the A/F ratio thereof is automatically adjusted to a preferred level during varying operating conditions. An adjusting means (5) is continuously actuated by a first control unit (4) of a first control circuit (3) to provide a A/F ratio having a modified dependency on the speed of rotation. An adjusting means (9) is periodically actuated for a short period by a second control unit (7) of a second control circuit (6), said second control unit receiving speed information (8) from the engine (2), to provide a short-term change of the mixture ratio, and the change of speed of rotation caused thereby is measured. With regard to the obtained result and stored information the second control unit (7) performs an adjustment of the mixture ratio by a predetermined step towards leaner or richer mixture by actuating an adjusting means (5). This procedure is repeated in the second control circuit (6) until the change of speed of rotation indicates that the mixture ratio is at a preferred level, and this adjustment is maintained for a period of time.