公开(公告)号：US4557793A

公开(公告)日：1985-12-10

申请号：US573729

申请日：1984-01-25

申请人： Helmut Foell ,  Josef Grabmaier ,  Juergen Schneider

发明人： Helmut Foell ,  Josef Grabmaier ,  Juergen Schneider

IPC分类号： C30B15/24 ,  C30B15/34

CPC分类号： C30B15/34 ,  Y10S117/90 ,  Y10T117/104 ,  Y10T117/1044

摘要： This invention involves a method and apparatus for drawing crystalline bodies from a melt by means of an open-ended drawing nozzle which determines the cross-sectional geometry of the crystalline body. The drawing nozzle is composed of a material which is resistant to the melt. The feed of melt proceeds from a reservoir situated at the lower end of the drawing nozzle and the melt is conveyed to the upper opening thereof by capillary action. In keeping with the present invention, there is provided a drawing nozzle which has an upper opening merging into a contoured surface such that the meniscus formed at the interface between the crystalline and molten phases is freely displaceable on the contoured surface into which the upper opening discharges.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于通过确定晶体的横截面几何形状的开口绘图喷嘴从熔体中提取晶体的方法和装置。 拉丝喷嘴由耐熔融材料构成。 熔体进料来自位于拉伸喷嘴下端的储存器，熔体通过毛细管作用输送到其上部开口。 根据本发明，提供了一种绘图喷嘴，其具有合并成轮廓表面的上部开口，使得在结晶相和熔融相之间的界面处形成的弯液面可以在上部开口排出的轮廓表面上自由移动 。

公开(公告)号：US4563976A

公开(公告)日：1986-01-14

申请号：US512733

申请日：1983-07-11

申请人： Helmut Foell ,  Josef Grabmaier ,  Richard Falckenberg

发明人： Helmut Foell ,  Josef Grabmaier ,  Richard Falckenberg

IPC分类号： C30B15/06 ,  C30B15/00 ,  C30B29/06 ,  B05C3/15 ,  B05C11/02

CPC分类号： C30B15/007 ,  Y10S117/903 ,  Y10T117/1048 ,  Y10T117/1056

摘要： In an exemplary embodiment, tape-shaped silicon bodies for solar cells are formed by continuous coating of a carrier body having a mesh structure. A melt bath receives the silicon melt and has a floor part with capillary openings therein for supplying the melt, the capillary openings leading perpendicularly toward the exterior of the vat and proceeding parallel to one another, and wherein a channel for the guidance of the carrier body proceeding in a horizontal direction is disposed below the melt vat in the region of the capillary openings. The guide channel for the carrier body can also be disposed above a body with capillaries proceeding parallel in a vertical direction, the body being partially immersed in the vat containing the silicon melt for the purpose of supplying the melt via the capillaries. The devices enable continuous tape drawing from a silicon melt wherein convection currents are avoided in the melt.

摘要翻译： 在一个示例性实施例中，用于太阳能电池的带状硅体通过具有网状结构的载体主体的连续涂覆而形成。 熔体槽容纳硅熔体并且具有用于供应熔体的毛细管开口的底部部件，毛细管开口垂直朝向槽的外部引导并且彼此平行地延伸，并且其中用于引导载体主体的通道 沿着水平方向延伸设置在毛细管开口区域内的熔体槽的下方。 用于承载体的引导通道也可以设置在主体上方，毛细管沿垂直方向平行地延伸，该主体部分地浸入含有硅熔体的槽中，以便通过毛细管供应熔体。 这些装置能够从硅熔体连续地进行拉制，其中在熔体中避免对流。

公开(公告)号：US4481235A

公开(公告)日：1984-11-06

申请号：US531678

申请日：1983-09-13

申请人： Helmut Foell ,  Bernhard Freienstein ,  Karl Geim ,  Josef Grabmaier ,  Otmar Hintringer

发明人： Helmut Foell ,  Bernhard Freienstein ,  Karl Geim ,  Josef Grabmaier ,  Otmar Hintringer

IPC分类号： H01L31/04 ,  B05C9/04 ,  C30B15/00 ,  C30B15/08 ,  B05D5/12 ,  B05C3/12 ,  B05D1/18

CPC分类号： C30B15/08 ,  C30B15/002 ,  C30B15/007 ,  B05C9/04 ,  Y10S118/18

摘要： A method and apparatus for manufacturing tape-shaped silicon bodies for solar cells wherein a tape-shaped reticulate carrier is passed vertically downwardly through a drawing nozzle including a slot which is full of molten silicon. The drawing nozzle is located above the level of molten silicon in a vat containing such molten silicon, and capillary means are provided to deliver the molten silicon from the vat into the drawing nozzle to fill the same with the molten silicon.

摘要翻译： 一种用于制造用于太阳能电池的带状硅体的方法和装置，其中带状网状载体垂直向下通过包括充满熔融硅的槽的拉丝喷嘴。 绘图喷嘴位于含有这种熔融硅的桶中的熔融硅层的上方，并且提供毛细管装置以将熔融硅从槽中输送到拉伸喷嘴中以与熔融硅填充相同。

公开(公告)号：US4505221A

公开(公告)日：1985-03-19

申请号：US512756

申请日：1983-07-11

申请人： Richard Falckenberg ,  Helmut Foell ,  Josef Grabmaier

发明人： Richard Falckenberg ,  Helmut Foell ,  Josef Grabmaier

IPC分类号： C30B15/06 ,  C30B15/00 ,  C30B15/34 ,  C30B29/06 ,  B05C3/15 ,  B05C11/02

CPC分类号： C30B15/007 ,  Y10S118/02

摘要： Apparatus and method for asymmetrically coating a tape-shaped carrier body with crystallized silicon for further processing into solar cells. In an exemplary embodiment a carrier body in the form of a graphite mesh is to be drawn through a guide channel leading from the floor of a melt vat and is moistened by the melt. The silicon is caused to crystallize above the melt vat because of a temperature gradient generated at right angles relative to the path of the coated carrier body. The temperature gradient can, for example, be produced by means of single-sided heating, or by a plate-shaped body extending from the melt parallel to the carrier body, or by guide lips with upper boundaries exhibiting different heights and widths. The method and apparatus serve for the continuous manufacture of silicon tapes for solar cells.

摘要翻译： 用于用结晶硅不对称地涂覆带状载体的装置和方法，用于进一步加工成太阳能电池。 在一个示例性实施例中，石墨网形式的承载体将通过从熔体槽的地板引导并且被熔体润湿的引导通道被拉伸。 由于相对于涂覆的载体主体的路径以直角产生的温度梯度，使硅在熔体槽之上结晶。 温度梯度可以例如通过单面加热产生，或者由平行于载体的熔体延伸的板状体，或具有不同高度和宽度的上边界的引导唇产生。 该方法和装置用于连续制造太阳能电池用硅胶带。

公开(公告)号：US4305776A

公开(公告)日：1981-12-15

申请号：US092637

申请日：1979-11-08

申请人： Josef Grabmaier

发明人： Josef Grabmaier

IPC分类号： C30B11/00 ,  C30B11/14 ,  C30B15/00 ,  C30B15/06 ,  C30B15/36 ,  C30B29/06 ,  H01L21/208 ,  C30B29/00 ,  C30B19/12

CPC分类号： C30B15/002 ,  C30B11/001 ,  C30B11/14 ,  C30B15/007 ,  C30B15/06 ,  C30B15/36 ,  Y10S117/90

摘要： Si-crystals with columnar structures are produced by contacting a silicon melt with a melt-resistant carrier body having periodically spaced crystallization-seed centers on a surface thereof facing the melt, establishing a controlled temperature gradient at the interface between the carrier body surface and the melt so that crystallization of the melt onto the seed centers occurs and then removing the body with the adhering crystal layer from the melt. In a preferred embodiment, an elongated traveling web having a select hole pattern therein functioning as the seed centers, is utilized as a carrier body.

摘要翻译： 具有柱状结构的Si晶体通过使硅熔体与其面向熔体的表面上具有周期性间隔开的结晶种子中心的耐熔体载体相接触来制造，在承载体表面和 熔化，使得熔体在种子中心的结晶发生，然后用熔体附着的晶体层去除体。 在优选实施例中，用作其种子中心的具有选择孔图案的细长行进网被用作承载体。

公开(公告)号：US4141710A

公开(公告)日：1979-02-27

申请号：US815911

申请日：1977-07-15

申请人： Hubert Aulich ,  Hans Pink ,  Josef Grabmaier

发明人： Hubert Aulich ,  Hans Pink ,  Josef Grabmaier

IPC分类号： C03B37/014 ,  C03B37/016 ,  C03B37/027 ,  C03B37/03 ,  C03C25/10 ,  G02B6/00 ,  C03C25/02

CPC分类号： C03B37/016 ,  C03B37/02736 ,  C03B37/032 ,  C03C25/106

摘要： A method of producing a light conducting fiber comprises the steps of providing a base member of an optical material such as glass or a synthetic glass-like material, depositing at least one optical material forming layer such as a glass forming layer or a synthetic glass-like material forming layer from a liquid phase on a surface of the base member and subsequently transforming each of the layers into a film of optical material such as a glass film or a synthetic glass-like film. The base member may be a glass tube and the optical material forming layers may be deposited on an interior surface and after the layers have been transformed into a film, the tube is collapsed into a rod and then subsequently drawn into a cladded light conducting fiber. In one embodiment of the invention, the base member is a rod and the layers are deposited on a surface of the rod which is subsequently drawn into a cladded light conducting fiber. In yet another embodiment of the invention, the base member is provided by drawing a core of an optical fiber and the method includes depositing the optical material forming layers on the core so that as the layers are transformed into the film of optical material, a cladded light conducting fiber will be produced.

摘要翻译： 制造导光纤维的方法包括以下步骤：提供诸如玻璃或合成玻璃状材料的光学材料的基底，沉积至少一种光学材料形成层，例如玻璃形成层或合成玻璃 - 并且随后将各层转化为诸如玻璃膜或合成玻璃状膜的光学材料的膜。 基底构件可以是玻璃管，并且光学材料形成层可以沉积在内表面上，并且在层已经变成膜之后，管被折叠成棒，然后被拉入包覆的导光纤维中。 在本发明的一个实施例中，基部构件是杆，并且这些层沉积在杆的表面上，随后将其拉制成包覆的导光纤维。 在本发明的另一个实施例中，通过拉制光纤的芯来提供基底构件，该方法包括在芯上沉积光学材料形成层，使得当层被转变成光学材料的膜时， 将生产光导纤维。

公开(公告)号：US4913199A

公开(公告)日：1990-04-03

申请号：US288855

申请日：1988-12-23

申请人： Richard Falckenberg ,  Gerhard Hoyler ,  Bernhard Freienstein ,  Josef Grabmaier

发明人： Richard Falckenberg ,  Gerhard Hoyler ,  Bernhard Freienstein ,  Josef Grabmaier

IPC分类号： H01L21/208 ,  C30B15/00 ,  C30B15/06 ,  C30B15/10 ,  C30B29/06

CPC分类号： C30B29/06 ,  C30B15/007 ,  C30B15/10 ,  Y10T117/1048

摘要： A method and device for the complete emptying of flat quartz tanks or crucibles filled with silicon melt is provided. The apparatus includes an open outlet nozzle located in a floor of the tank and a tube-shaped, rod-shaped, or channel-shaped member composed of a material that is well-wettable by silicon melt that is brought into contact with the outlet nozzle after the conclusion of the drawing process. The member is in fluid communication with a collecting vessel. The outlet nozzle is so constructed and arranged that the silicon melt adjacent at the nozzle aperture is prevented from running out during the band drawing due to the curvature pressure of its downwardly, convexly arced surface. The apparatus can be used in continuous, horizontal band-drawing of silicon for solar cells.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于完全排空填充硅熔体的平坦石英罐或坩埚的方法和装置。 该装置包括位于罐底部的开放式出口喷嘴和管状的棒状或通道状构件，其由可与硅熔体良好润湿的材料组成，该材料与出口喷嘴相接触 在绘图过程结束之后。 该构件与收集容器流体连通。 出口喷嘴的构造和布置使得由于其向下凸出的弧形表面的曲率压力，在带拉伸期间防止在喷嘴孔处相邻的硅熔体流出。 该装置可用于太阳能电池的硅的连续，水平带状拉伸。

公开(公告)号：US4657603A

公开(公告)日：1987-04-14

申请号：US778487

申请日：1985-09-20

申请人： Wolfgang Kruehler ,  Josef Grabmaier

发明人： Wolfgang Kruehler ,  Josef Grabmaier

IPC分类号： H01L31/04 ,  C30B25/18 ,  H01L21/20 ,  H01L21/205 ,  H01L31/0304 ,  H01L31/18

CPC分类号： H01L31/0304 ,  C30B25/18 ,  H01L21/02381 ,  H01L21/02422 ,  H01L21/02439 ,  H01L21/02463 ,  H01L21/02516 ,  H01L21/02546 ,  H01L21/0262 ,  H01L21/02675 ,  H01L21/02689 ,  H01L31/1844 ,  Y02E10/544 ,  Y10S148/048 ,  Y10S148/056 ,  Y10S148/09 ,  Y10S438/933

摘要： A method for the manufacture of gallium arsenide thin film solar cells on inexpensive substrate material whereby an intermediate layer of highly doped, amorphous germanium is employed in order to promote the growth of the gallium arsenide layers. A high-energy radiation is directed to specific, prescribed points on the highly doped, amorphous germanium layer thereby generating centers having a defined crystal orientation, so that the epitaxial layer spreads laterally from these centers in a surface-covering fashion during the epitaxial vapor phase deposition. The solar cells produced by designational grain growth can be manufactured with high purity in a simple way and have an efficiency (greater than 20%) comparable to known mono-crystalline solar cells.

摘要翻译： 一种用于在便宜的衬底材料上制造砷化镓薄膜太阳能电池的方法，由此使用高掺杂的无定形锗的中间层，以促进砷化镓层的生长。 高能量辐射被引导到高掺杂的非晶锗层上的特定的规定点，从而产生具有限定的晶体取向的中心，使得外延层在外延气相期间以表面覆盖的方式从这些中心侧向扩展 沉积 通过指定晶粒生长生产的太阳能电池可以以简单的方式制造出高纯度，并具有与已知的单晶太阳能电池相当的效率（大于20％）。

公开(公告)号：US4533428A

公开(公告)日：1985-08-06

申请号：US512732

申请日：1983-07-11

申请人： Josef Grabmaier ,  Richard Falckenberg ,  Helmut Foll

发明人： Josef Grabmaier ,  Richard Falckenberg ,  Helmut Foll

IPC分类号： C30B15/34 ,  C30B15/00 ,  C30B29/06 ,  H01L21/208

CPC分类号： C30B15/007

摘要： A method for continuously manufacturing silicon tapes which are predominantly coated on one side of the carrier, for solar cells. In an exemplary embodiment, a carrier body consisting of a graphite network is conducted vertically upwards through a guide channel situated in the floor of a silicon melt bath and travels through a crystallization region where the molten silicon crystallizes on the carrier body. The surfaces of the guide channel at each side of the carrier path in the vicinity of the crystallization region are wetted by the molten silicon and have different dimensions in a direction at right angles to the carrier path. As a result of the differential in surface tension forces at the two sides of the path, a meniscus is formed which is asymmetrical relative to the channel opening thereby causing asymmetrical coating of the carrier body.

摘要翻译： 用于连续制造主要涂覆在载体的一侧上的太阳能电池的硅带的方法。 在一个示例性实施例中，由石墨网络组成的载体主体通过位于硅熔体浴底部的引导通道垂直向上传导，并且穿过熔融硅在载体上结晶的结晶区域。 在结晶区域附近的载体路径的每一侧的引导通道的表面被熔融硅润湿，并且在与载体路径成直角的方向上具有不同的尺寸。 由于路径两侧表面张力的差异，形成了相对于通道开口不对称的弯液面，从而导致载体主体的不对称涂层。

公开(公告)号：US4131447A

公开(公告)日：1978-12-26

申请号：US761267

申请日：1977-01-21

申请人： Hubert Aulich ,  Josef Grabmaier

发明人： Hubert Aulich ,  Josef Grabmaier

IPC分类号： C03B37/023 ,  C03B5/26 ,  C03B37/00

CPC分类号： C03B37/023 ,  C03B2203/10 ,  C03B2203/12 ,  C03B2203/14

摘要： A method for the production of single-material light-guiding fibers which have a core supported in a glass sheath in a cantilever manner by glass webs characterized by providing a crucible having an exit nozzle with an opening having a configuration of the cross section of the light-guiding fiber with a core portion connected by web portions to a surrounding annular portion, providing molten material of the light-guiding fiber in the crucible, drawing the molten material from the crucible through the exit nozzle to form a continuous integral workpiece having a core portion supported in a glass sheath in a cantilever manner by integral glass webs and continuously drawing the integral workpiece into the single-material light-guiding fiber. The crucible is formed by a pair of hollow bodies supported in an outer cylindrical member in a cantilever manner so that the cylindrical member and the pair of hollow bodies form the exit nozzle with the desired configuration.

摘要翻译： 一种用于生产单材料导光纤维的方法，其具有以悬臂方式由玻璃纤维网支撑在玻璃护套中的芯，其特征在于提供具有出口喷嘴的坩埚，所述出口具有开口，所述开口具有截面形状 导光纤维，其芯部通过腹板部分连接到周围的环形部分，将导光纤维的熔融材料提供在坩埚中，通过出口喷嘴从坩埚中抽出熔融材料，形成具有 芯部通过一体的玻璃腹板以悬臂方式支撑在玻璃护套中，并将整体工件连续地拉入单材料光导纤维中。 该坩埚由悬臂式支撑在外圆柱形构件中的一对中空体形成，使得圆柱形构件和一对中空体以期望的构造形成出口喷嘴。