摘要:
A description is given of electrochromic thin-film systems and their components, especially an improved electrochromic thin-film based on tungsten oxide and/or molybdenum oxide into which alkali metal ions are incorporated, an electrolyte which is improved in particular with respect to its conductivity and is based on pre-hydrolysed, organically modified alkoxysilane and on organic diol (triol), and an improved process for producing a noncolouring ion insertion layer based on cerium oxides and titanium oxides.
摘要:
The invention relates to a plastic film with an interference multilayer system applied thereon that comprises at least two layers. Said layers can be obtained by hardening and/or applying thermal treatment to a coating composition containing nanoscale inorganic solid particles having polymerizable and/or polycondensable organic surface groups, thereby forming a layer that is crosslinked by means of the polymerizable and/or polycondensable organic surface groups. The films can be used as optical laminating film.
摘要:
The invention relates to a plastic film with an interference multilayer system applied thereon that comprises at least two layers. Said layers can be obtained by hardening and/or applying thermal treatment to a coating composition containing nanoscale inorganic solid particles having polymerizable and/or polycondensable organic surface groups, thereby forming a layer that is crosslinked by means of the polymerizable and/or polycondensable organic surface groups. The films can be used as an optical laminating film.
摘要:
A polymer film with an optical interference system. The optical interference system comprises at least two layers of different refractive index, which layers comprise nanoscale inorganic particles having organic surface groups that are polymerizable and/or polycondensable. The layers are at least partially crosslinked through the organic surface groups.
摘要:
Structured inorganic layers are produced by optionally mixing a composition which is obtainable by hydrolysis and polycondensation of (A) at least one hydrolyzable silane of general formula (I) SiX.sub.4 (I) wherein the radicals X are identical or different and represent hydrolyzable groups or hydroxyl groups, or an oligomer derived therefrom, and (B) at least one organosilane of general formula (II) R.sup.1.sub.a R.sup.2.sub.b SiX.sub.(4-a-b) (II) wherein R.sup.1 is a non-hydrolyzable group, R.sup.2 represents a radical carrying a functional group, X has the meaning specified above, and a and b are 0, 1, 2 or 3, the sum (a+b) being 1, 2 or 3, or an oligomer derived therefrom, in a ratio of amount of substance (A):(B) of 5-50:50-95, as well as (C) optionally, one or more compounds of glass- or ceramic forming elements, with a fine-scaled filler, applying the resulting composition onto a substrate, structuring the applied composition and thermally densifying the structured coating to form a structured layer.
摘要:
Described are nanostructured molded articles and layers which are produced by a wet chemical process comprising the following steps: a) provision of a free-flowing composition containing solid nanoscaled inorganic particles having polymerizable and/or polycondensable organic surface groups; b) introduction of said composition of step a) into a mold; or b2) application of said composition of step a) onto a substrate; and c) polymerization and/or polycondensation of the surface groups of said solid particles with formation of a cured molded article or a cured layer.
摘要:
Optical components have a material-distribution gradient due to nanometer-size particles embedded in a solid matrix. The components are manufactured by forming a dispersion of nanometer-size particles in a liquid, curable matrix material, causing the particles to migrate in the matrix material on the basis of a potential difference to form a distribution gradient, and subsequently curing the matrix material, retaining the distribution gradient. The method is suitable for use in the manufacture of optical lenses with a refractive index gradient.
摘要:
Described is a process for preparing a molding suitable for optical purposes, which process comprises the conjoint free-radical polymerization of a precondensate (A) which is derived from at least one hydrolytically condensable silane (a) having at least one free-radically polymerizable group X, and of a monomer (B) having at least two free-radically polymerizable groups Y, the numerical ratio of groups X to groups Y being not greater than 5:1. The moldings obtainable by this process are characterized by high transparency and homogeneity, freedom from stress, scratch and abrasion resistance, high mechanical strength, etc.
摘要:
Optical elements comprising a substrate and a transparent composite material layer having an embossed surface, the composite material comprising a polymer matrix having incorporated therein inorganic components in the form of nanoscaled particles, and methods of preparation thereof which comprise mixing a polymer precursor with a sol of nanosealed particles in an organic solvent and a polymerizable initiator, applying the mixture to a substrate to form a coating, and embossing the coating while simultaneously curing it.
摘要:
Metallic substrates with a vitreous or glass-ceramic pigmented protective layer are obtainable by applying an alkali metal silicate-containing coating sol to the substrate or a surface thereof and thermally densifying the layer thus obtained, said alkali metal silicate-containing coating sol comprising an oxidic pigment of at least one element selected from the third and fourth main or subgroups of the Periodic Table of the chemical elements and the transition metals Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Nb and Ta.