摘要:
A CSG solid modelling system 10 has a triple z-buffer architecture. For each pixel stored in a pixel memory 12 there are five storage entries grouped into five buffers including a front z-buffer (F) 16 which is employed to store the depths of a front face for a currently processed z-connected product, a back z-buffer (B) 18 which is employed to store the depths of a back face for the currently processed z-connected product and a final z-buffer (Z) 20 which stores the front faces of a displayed solid. Two other buffers are an intensity buffer (T) 22 for storing the intensities associated with the front face of the current z-connected product and a final intensity buffer (I) 24 for storing the intensities of the visible faces of the displayed solid. A bus 26 couples these various buffers together and to a processor 28 which may be a central processing unit or a peripheral processor. The system provides for a solid represented by any CSG tree to be represented as a union of z-connected products and that these z-connected products be expressed as intersections of z-connected sweeps. Furthermore it is shown that expressions of z-connected products in terms of sweeps are extracted directly from a CSG tree. Variations of the display methods may be used to detect interferences and differences between solids defined in CSG.
摘要:
Apparatus and method for generating displayable information expressive of a three dimensional solid object. The apparatus includes a processor (12,16) for expressing the object in a Constructive Solid Geometry representation thereof so as to be comprised of one or more primitive objects. The apparatus further includes a processor (18, 20) for repetitively evaluating the one or more primitive objects to determine displayable faces thereof. A depth interval buffer (20) is responsive to the operation of a scan conversion processor (18) for detecting when a predetermined number of repetitive evaluations occur without causing a change in the determination of a displayable face and for causing the operation of the evaluation processor to terminate. Toleranced depth tests are used to remove dangling faces or edges and to properly handle coincident faces. Pixel-centering is employed to improve the accuracy of depth tests and to identify pixels upon which a product projects. Shadowing is accomplished using a two-pass scan-conversion technique with an auxiliary shadow-buffer (ZS).
摘要:
The present invention provides a cell culture medium formulation that supports the in vitro cultivation, particularly in suspension, of mammalian cells, particularly epithelial cells and fibroblast cells, and methods for cultivating mammalian cells in suspension in vitro using these media. The media comprise a basal medium and a polyanionic or polyanionic compound, preferably a polysulfonated or polysulfated compound, and more preferably dextran sulfate. The present invention also provides chemically defined, protein-free eukaryotic cell culture media comprising an iron chelate and zinc, which is capable of supporting the growth (and particularly the high-density growth of mammalian cells) in suspension culture, increasing the level of expression of recombinant protein in cultured cells, and/or increasing virus production in cultured cells.
摘要:
The present invention is directed generally to metal binding compounds which may be added to cell culture media to replace factors required for cultivation of the cells (e.g. transferrin) which are of animal or human origin. More specifically, the invention is directed to metal binding compounds or complexes thereof comprising one or more transition element cations (such as ferrous or ferric ions), which are added to cell and tissue culture medium compositions. The metal binding compounds may be added to the media alone or may be first complexed with a transition metal ion. The invention is also directed to methods of use of such compositions, including, for example, methods for the cultivation of eukaryotic cells, particularly animal cells, in vitro. The invention also relates to compositions comprising such culture media and one or more cells, and to kits comprising one or more of the above-described compositions. The compositions of the present invention obviate the need for naturally derived metal-binding proteins, such as transferrin and ceruloplasmin, which may contain blood-borne pathogens.
摘要:
A uniform mechanism for building containment hierarchies separates the code/method which actually perform the containment insertion operations on the components from the specification of the containment and then provides an automatic way of obtaining and executing that code when containment hierarchies need to be created. The mechanism consists of an abstract syntax for describing the containment relationships, processing mechanism for creating the containment mechanism, and a registry containing the mechanisms for implementing specific containment policies. Having this abstraction allows an application programmer to be able to construct hierarchies of objects without having to be concerned about the specific details of how that containment is performed. In fact, the details may be deferred until run-time (and even downloaded from elsewhere). Also, having this abstraction significantly simplifies automatic generation of object hierarchy codes, both from the point of view its implementation as well as that of the code that is generated.
摘要:
A generalized mechanism manages ad-hoc type conversions in computer software. A management framework improves type conversion tasks by enabling the modularization of this task by partitioning the work of defining an individual type convertor from the task of identifying and locating type convertors on demand. The details of how type convertors are applied on demand are also a function of the management framework.
摘要:
A system and method for efficiently evaluating and executing unresolved data variables used as input for functional processes in a previously defined acyclic dataflow graph (or sequence of instructions which may be so represented). Embodiments of the present invention also contemplate maintaining previously computed values of data elements so that re-evaluation of the entire data flow graph or portions thereof may not be necessary.
摘要:
The present invention provides a cell culture medium formulation that supports the in vitro cultivation, particularly in suspension, of mammalian cells, particularly epithelial cells and fibroblast cells, and methods for cultivating mammalian cells in suspension in vitro using these media. The media comprise a basal medium and a polyanionic or polyanionic compound, preferably a polysulfonated or polysulfated compound, and more preferably dextran sulfate. The present invention also provides chemically defined, protein-free eukaryotic cell culture media comprising an iron chelate and zinc, which is capable of supporting the growth (and particularly the high-density growth of mammalian cells) in suspension culture, increasing the level of expression of recombinant protein in cultured cells, and/or increasing virus production in cultured cells.
摘要:
A method and apparatus aids consistent, high-quality input of meta-information associated with items inserted into a database by coupling a hierarchical subject taxonomy, used to definitively assign an element, with sets of attributes appropriate for each category. Each attribute in turn is itself associated with a set of legal values drawn from a universe of appropriately typed values. The method and apparatus can be used to enable a user of a database management system to input or augment a set of semantically relevant and consistent meta-information associated with content in or being placed into the database management system. The content in the database system is placed into one or more of a set of hierarchical taxonomic categories. Zero or more semantically relevant attributes are associated with each taxonomic category. Relevant sets of values for each attribute, drawn from a universe of appropriate values, are associated with each attribute at each level in the taxonomic hierarchy. The placement of an element into a category adds the hierarchical set of attributes associated with that category to those relevant to the element. The value sets associated with those attributes may then be used to select consistent and appropriate meta-information to be associated with the element.
摘要:
Certain embodiments of the disclosed technology may include systems and apparatus for extracting and delivering nutrients from biomass for plant growth. In an example implementation, an apparatus is provided for supporting a multi-level system for extracting and distributing nutrients from biomass for plant growth, the apparatus includes two or more support structures. Each support structure includes two or more vertical strength members disposed substantially vertically on opposing sides of a corrugated base cylinder and are stabilized by at least one corrugations associated with the base cylinder. The apparatus includes two or more horizontal retaining members in communication with the respective two or more vertical strength members and operable to secure the two or more vertical strength members against the base cylinder. The apparatus also includes one or more upper troughs supported by the two or more support structures and disposed in a substantially horizontal position.