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公开(公告)号：US06551487B1
公开(公告)日：2003-04-22
申请号：US09872341
申请日：2001-05-31
申请人： Jonathan D. Reid , Steven T. Mayer , Seshasayee Varadarajan , David C. Smith , Evan E. Patton , Dinesh S. Kalakkad , Gary Lind
发明人： Jonathan D. Reid , Steven T. Mayer , Seshasayee Varadarajan , David C. Smith , Evan E. Patton , Dinesh S. Kalakkad , Gary Lind
IPC分类号： C25D500
CPC分类号： H01L21/2885 , C25D17/001 , Y10S414/135 , Y10S414/136
摘要： The orientation of a wafer with respect to the surface of an electrolyte is controlled during an electroplating process. The wafer is delivered to an electrolyte bath along a trajectory normal to the surface of the electrolyte. Along this trajectory, the wafer is angled before entry into the electrolyte for angled immersion. A wafer can be plated in an angled orientation or not, depending on what is optimal for a given situation. Also, in some designs, the wafer's orientation can be adjusted actively during immersion or during electroplating, providing flexibility in various electroplating scenarios.
摘要翻译： 在电镀过程中控制晶片相对于电解质表面的取向。 将晶片沿着垂直于电解质表面的轨迹输送到电解质浴中。 沿着该轨迹，晶片在进入电解质之前是成角度的，用于倾斜的浸入。 根据给定情况下的最佳选择，晶圆可以以倾斜的方向进行电镀。 此外，在一些设计中，晶片的取向可以在浸入期间或在电镀期间被主动调节，从而在各种电镀场景中提供灵活性。
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公开(公告)号：US07686927B1
公开(公告)日：2010-03-30
申请号：US11510048
申请日：2006-08-25
申请人： Jonathan D. Reid , Steven T. Mayer , Seshasayee Varadarajan , David C. Smith , Evan E. Patton , Dinesh S. Kalakkad , Gary Lind , Richard S. Hill
发明人： Jonathan D. Reid , Steven T. Mayer , Seshasayee Varadarajan , David C. Smith , Evan E. Patton , Dinesh S. Kalakkad , Gary Lind , Richard S. Hill
IPC分类号： C25D17/00
CPC分类号： H01L21/2885 , C25D17/001 , Y10S414/135 , Y10S414/136
摘要： The orientation of a wafer with respect to the surface of an electrolyte is controlled during an electroplating process. The wafer is delivered to an electrolyte bath along a trajectory normal to the surface of the electrolyte. Along this trajectory, the wafer is angled before entry into the electrolyte for angled immersion. A wafer can be plated in an angled orientation or not, depending on what is optimal for a given situation. Also, in some designs, the wafer's orientation can be adjusted actively during immersion or during electroplating, providing flexibility in various electroplating scenarios.
摘要翻译： 在电镀过程中控制晶片相对于电解质表面的取向。 将晶片沿着垂直于电解质表面的轨迹输送到电解质浴中。 沿着该轨迹，晶片在进入电解质之前是成角度的，用于倾斜的浸入。 根据给定情况下的最佳选择，晶圆可以以倾斜的方向进行电镀。 此外，在一些设计中，晶片的取向可以在浸入期间或在电镀期间被主动调节，从而在各种电镀场景中提供灵活性。
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公开(公告)号：US07097410B1
公开(公告)日：2006-08-29
申请号：US10379858
申请日：2003-03-04
申请人： Jonathan D. Reid , Steven T. Mayer , Seshasayee Varadarajan , David C. Smith , Evan E. Patton , Dinesh S. Kalakkad , Gary Lind , Richard S. Hill
发明人： Jonathan D. Reid , Steven T. Mayer , Seshasayee Varadarajan , David C. Smith , Evan E. Patton , Dinesh S. Kalakkad , Gary Lind , Richard S. Hill
CPC分类号： H01L21/2885 , C25D17/001 , Y10S414/135 , Y10S414/136
摘要： The orientation of a wafer with respect to the surface of an electrolyte is controlled during an electroplating process. The wafer is delivered to an electrolyte bath along a trajectory normal to the surface of the electrolyte. Along this trajectory, the wafer is angled before entry into the electrolyte for angled immersion. A wafer can be plated in an angled orientation or not, depending on what is optimal for a given situation. Also, in some designs, the wafer's orientation can be adjusted actively during immersion or during electroplating, providing flexibility in various electroplating scenarios.
摘要翻译： 在电镀过程中控制晶片相对于电解质表面的取向。 将晶片沿着垂直于电解质表面的轨迹输送到电解质浴中。 沿着该轨迹，晶片在进入电解质之前是成角度的，用于倾斜的浸入。 根据给定情况下的最佳选择，晶圆可以以倾斜的方向进行电镀。 此外，在一些设计中，晶片的取向可以在浸入期间或在电镀期间被主动调节，从而在各种电镀场景中提供灵活性。
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4.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06964792B1
公开(公告)日：2005-11-15
申请号：US09927740
申请日：2001-08-10
CPC分类号： C25D5/08 , C25D7/123 , C25D17/001 , C25D17/008
摘要： The present invention provides apparatus and methods for controlling flow dynamics of a plating fluid during a plating process. The invention achieves this fluid control through use of a diffuser membrane. Plating fluid is pumped through the membrane; the design and characteristics of the membrane provide a uniform flow pattern to the plating fluid exiting the membrane. Thus a work piece, upon which a metal or other conductive material is to be deposited, is exposed to a uniform flow of plating fluid.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种用于在电镀过程中控制电镀液的流动动力学的装置和方法。 本发明通过使用扩散膜来实现该流体控制。 电镀液被泵送通过膜; 膜的设计和特性为离开膜的电镀液提供均匀的流动模式。 因此，要沉积金属或其他导电材料的工件暴露于电镀液体的均匀流动。
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公开(公告)号：US09109295B2
公开(公告)日：2015-08-18
申请号：US12577619
申请日：2009-10-12
摘要： An electroplating apparatus for filling recessed features on a semiconductor substrate includes an electrolyte concentrator configured for concentrating an electrolyte having Cu2+ ions to form a concentrated electrolyte solution that would have been supersaturated at 20° C. The electrolyte is maintained at a temperature that is higher than 20° C., such as at least at about 40° C. The apparatus further includes a concentrated electrolyte reservoir and a plating cell, where the plating cell is configured for electroplating with concentrated electrolyte at a temperature of at least about 40° C. Electroplating with electrolytes having Cu2+ concentration of at least about 60 g/L at temperatures of at least about 40° C. results in very fast copper deposition rates, and is particularly well-suited for filling large, high aspect ratio features, such as through-silicon vias.
摘要翻译： 用于在半导体衬底上填充凹陷特征的电镀设备包括电解质浓缩器，其被配置用于浓缩具有Cu 2+离子的电解质，以形成在20℃下已经过饱和的浓缩电解质溶液。电解质保持在高于 20℃，例如至少约40℃。该设备还包括浓缩电解质储存器和电镀池，其中电镀单元被配置为在至少约40℃的温度下用浓缩电解质电镀。 在至少约40℃的温度下，具有Cu2 +浓度至少约60g / L的电解质的电镀导致非常快的铜沉积速率，并且特别适合于填充大的高纵横比特征，例如通过 硅通孔。
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公开(公告)号：US06821407B1
公开(公告)日：2004-11-23
申请号：US10231147
申请日：2002-08-27
申请人： Jonathan D. Reid , Timothy Mark Archer , Thomas Tan Vu , Seshasayee Varadarajan , Jon Henri , Steven T. Mayer , David Sauer , Anita Kang , Gerald Feldewerth
发明人： Jonathan D. Reid , Timothy Mark Archer , Thomas Tan Vu , Seshasayee Varadarajan , Jon Henri , Steven T. Mayer , David Sauer , Anita Kang , Gerald Feldewerth
IPC分类号： C25D338
CPC分类号： C25D21/12 , C25D17/002 , C25D17/12 , C25F7/00 , H05K3/241
摘要： An electroplating system includes (a) a phosphorized anode having an average grain size of at least about 50 micrometers and (b) plating apparatus that separates the anode from the cathode and prevents most particles generated at the anode from passing to the cathode. The separation may be accomplished by interposing a microporous chemical transport barrier between the anode and cathode. The relatively few particles that are generated at the large grain phosphorized copper anode are prevented from passing into the cathode (wafer) chamber area and thereby causing a defect in the part.
摘要翻译： 电镀系统包括（a）平均晶粒尺寸为至少约50微米的磷化阳极和（b）将阳极与阴极分离的电镀装置，并防止在阳极处产生的大多数颗粒通过阴极。 分离可以通过在阳极和阴极之间插入微孔化学传输阻挡层来实现。 在大晶粒磷化铜阳极处产生的相对较少的颗粒被阻止进入阴极（晶片）室区域，从而导致该部分的缺陷。
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公开(公告)号：US20110083965A1
公开(公告)日：2011-04-14
申请号：US12577619
申请日：2009-10-12
摘要： An electroplating apparatus for filling recessed features on a semiconductor substrate includes an electrolyte concentrator configured for concentrating an electrolyte having Cu2+ ions to form a concentrated electrolyte solution that would have been supersaturated at 20° C. The electrolyte is maintained at a temperature that is higher than 20° C., such as at least at about 40° C. The apparatus further includes a concentrated electrolyte reservoir and a plating cell, where the plating cell is configured for electroplating with concentrated electrolyte at a temperature of at least about 40° C. Electroplating with electrolytes having Cu2+ concentration of at least about 60 g/L at temperatures of at least about 40° C. results in very fast copper deposition rates, and is particularly well-suited for filling large, high aspect ratio features, such as through-silicon vias.
摘要翻译： 用于在半导体衬底上填充凹陷特征的电镀设备包括电解质浓缩器，其被配置用于浓缩具有Cu 2+离子的电解质，以形成在20℃下已经过饱和的浓缩电解质溶液。电解质保持在高于 20℃，例如至少约40℃。该设备还包括浓缩电解质储存器和电镀池，其中电镀单元被配置为在至少约40℃的温度下用浓缩电解质电镀。 在至少约40℃的温度下，具有Cu2 +浓度至少约60g / L的电解质的电镀导致非常快的铜沉积速率，并且特别适合于填充大的高纵横比特征，例如通过 硅通孔。
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公开(公告)号：US07780867B1
公开(公告)日：2010-08-24
申请号：US11248874
申请日：2005-10-11
IPC分类号： C03C15/00
CPC分类号： H01L21/67051 , H01L21/6708
摘要： Chemical etching methods and associated modules for performing the removal of metal from the edge bevel region of a semiconductor wafer are described. The methods and systems apply liquid etchant in a precise manner at the edge bevel region of the wafer, so that the etchant is applied on to the front edge, the side edge and the back edge. The etchant thus does not flow or splatter onto the active circuit region of the wafer. An edge bevel removal embodiment involving that is particularly effective at obviating streaking, narrowing the metal taper and allowing for subsequent chemical mechanical polishing, is disclosed.
摘要翻译： 描述了用于从半导体晶片的边缘斜面区域去除金属的化学蚀刻方法和相关模块。 所述方法和系统以精确的方式在晶片的边缘斜面区域施加液体腐蚀剂，使得蚀刻剂施加到前边缘，侧边缘和后边缘。 因此，蚀刻剂不会流动或溅射到晶片的有源电路区域。 涉及到在消除条纹，使金属锥度变窄并允许随后的化学机械抛光方面特别有效的边缘斜面去除实施例被公开。
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公开(公告)号：US06586342B1
公开(公告)日：2003-07-01
申请号：US09954728
申请日：2001-09-12
IPC分类号： H01L2100
CPC分类号： H01L21/6708 , C23F1/08 , H01L21/67051
摘要： Chemical etching methods and associated modules for performing the removal of metal from the edge bevel region of a semiconductor wafer are described. The methods and systems apply liquid etchant in a precise manner at the edge bevel region of the wafer under viscous flow conditions, so that the etchant is applied on to the front edge area and flows over the side edge and onto the back edge in a viscous manner. The etchant thus does not flow or splatter onto the active circuit region of the wafer. An edge bevel removal embodiment involving that is particularly effective at obviating streaking, narrowing the metal taper and allowing for subsequent chemical mechanical polishing, is disclosed.
摘要翻译： 描述了用于从半导体晶片的边缘斜面区域去除金属的化学蚀刻方法和相关模块。 这些方法和系统在粘性流动条件下在晶片的边缘斜面区域以精确的方式施加液体腐蚀剂，使得蚀刻剂施加到前边缘区域上并且以粘性流过侧边缘并在后边缘上流动 方式。 因此，蚀刻剂不会流动或溅射到晶片的有源电路区域。 涉及到在消除条纹，使金属锥度变窄并允许随后的化学机械抛光方面特别有效的边缘斜面去除实施例被公开。
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公开(公告)号：US08128791B1
公开(公告)日：2012-03-06
申请号：US11590413
申请日：2006-10-30
申请人： Bryan Buckalew , Jonathan Reid , John Sukamto , Zhian He , Seshasayee Varadarajan , Steven T. Mayer
发明人： Bryan Buckalew , Jonathan Reid , John Sukamto , Zhian He , Seshasayee Varadarajan , Steven T. Mayer
CPC分类号： C25D21/14 , C25D17/001 , C25D17/002
摘要： In a copper electroplating apparatus having separate anolyte and catholyte portions, the concentration of anolyte components (e.g., acid or copper salt) is controlled by providing a diluent to the recirculating anolyte. The dosing of the diluent can be controlled by the user and can follow a pre-determined schedule. For example, the schedule may specify the diluent dosing parameters, so as to prevent precipitation of copper salt in the anolyte. Thus, precipitation-induced anode passivation can be minimized.
摘要翻译： 在具有单独阳极电解液和阴极电解液部分的铜电镀设备中，通过向循环阳极电解液提供稀释剂来控制阳极电解液组分（例如酸或铜盐）的浓度。 稀释剂的剂量可以由用户控制，并且可以遵循预定的时间表。 例如，时间表可以指定稀释剂配量参数，以防止铜盐在阳极电解液中沉淀。 因此，沉淀诱导的阳极钝化可以最小化。
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