摘要:
Fluorochemical urethane compositions comprising one or more fluorochemical urethane compounds, and one or more auxiliary compounds for treatment of a fibrous substrate are described. The fluorochemical compositions are capable of improving one or more of the oil- and/or water repellency, stain- and/or soil repellency and stain and/or soil release properties, with improved durability, of the fibrous substrate treated with the fluorochemical composition.
摘要:
This invention relates to chemical compositions comprising one or more urethane oligomers of at least two repeating units selected from the group consisting of fluorine-containing urethane oligomers and long-chain hydrocarbon-containing urethane oligomers. These urethane oligomers comprise the reaction product of (a) one or, more polyfunctional isocyanate compounds; (b) one or more polyols; (c) one or more monoalcohols selected from the group consisting of fluorochemical monoalcohols, optionally substituted long-chain hydrocarbon monoalcohols, and mixtures thereof; (d) one or more silanes; and optionally (e) one or more water-solubilizing compounds comprising one or more water-solubilizing groups and at least one isocyanate-reactive hydrogen containing group. The chemical compositions of the present invention can be applied as coatings and these coatings can impart stain-release characteristics and resist being worn-off due to wear and abrasion.
摘要:
A method and a system for treating seawater to facilitate secondary recovery of petroleum from a location below a body of saline water by flooding a permeable stratum with the treated water. The system utilizes a spirally-wound cross flow semipermeable membrane cartridge incorporating a three layer membrane arrangement preferably having nanofiltration characteristics which facilitates treatment of open ocean water by a single pass without any chemical or mechanical pretreatment to result in a liquid stream of desired character that can have greater ionic strength than the input seawater, e.g. at least about 18,000 ppm of chloride ion and less than 50 ppm of sulfate ion. This surprising objective is obtained even at high operating temperatures, e.g. as high as about 70° C., through the combination of the construction of the feed spacer and the nanofiltration character of the three layer membrane arrangement.
摘要:
Abrasion resistant coatings derived from epoxy-terminated silanes are desirable when formed by curing in the presence of PF.sub.5, SbF.sub.5, or HSbF.sub.6.
摘要:
A method of slot extrusion coating is provided that can be used to apply thin coatings using liquid compositions having high percent solids. A window of operability advantageously identifies the limits of a process to provide these thin high solids coatings. The window of operability is determined by obtaining a first graphical curve representing actual values of wet thickness as a function of percent solids level. The critical wet thickness is then identified on the first graphical curve. The window of operability is identified as an area defined by the boundaries: percent solids greater than the point at which critical wet thickness occurs, an actual wet thickness greater than all points above the first graphical curve and equal to or less than the critical thickness.
摘要:
Disclosed are spiral-wound membrane cartridge constructions for use in ultrafiltration and reverse-osmosis separation equipment, each of which include a feed layer, a membrane layer and a permeate carrier layer. By using a feed layer in the form of a channel material having a plurality of parallel ribs extending in an axial direction, interconnected by a matrix of smaller filaments which may be generally perpendicular thereto, this construction advantageously reduces resistance to liquid frlow axially through the cartridge, registering only very low pressure drops. Such cartridges of 40 to 70 inches in length and 8 inches in diameter may be employed in series, even within a single outer casing or pressure vessel. Such constructions are especially useful in separating liquids having high levels of particulate contamination using ultrafiltration membranes where clogging of the cartridge is a common problem and also in concentrating solutions of fairly viscous water-soluble polymers.
摘要:
Abrasion resistant coatings based on epoxy-terminated silanes can reduce the transmission of ultraviolet radiation by at least 90% with the addition of ultraviolet radiation absorbers and 10-70% by weight of an aliphatic, polyepoxide, comonomer.
摘要:
A cyanoacrylate-based adhesive composition is disclosed. The cyanoacrylate-based adhesive composition includes a cyanoacrylate monomer, and a bleachable dye including a Michler's hydrol cation or derivatized Michler's hydrol cation, paired with a non-nucleophilic anion that provides a stable color to the cyanoacrylate-based adhesive.
摘要:
A cyanoacrylate-based adhesive composition is disclosed. The cyanoacrylate-based adhesive composition includes a cyanoacrylate monomer, and a bleachable dye including a Michler's hydrol cation or derivatized Michler's hydrol cation, paired with a non-nucleophilic anion that provides a stable color to the cyanoacrylate-based adhesive.
摘要:
A long running printing press can be obtained by use of a photopolymerizable composition comprised of an ethylenically unsaturated oligomer, a solvent soluble diazonium resin, an organic film forming binder, and a photoinitiator system in described ratios.