Polymeric microgels for chemical mechanical planarization (CMP) processing
    2.
    发明授权
    Polymeric microgels for chemical mechanical planarization (CMP) processing 有权
    用于化学机械平面化(CMP)处理的聚合物微凝胶

    公开(公告)号:US09120952B2

    公开(公告)日:2015-09-01

    申请号:US11926826

    申请日:2007-10-29

    IPC分类号: C09G1/02 H01L21/3105

    摘要: Organic-inorganic composites were prepared as colloidal particles of a cross-linked, thermally responsive polymer. Hybrid PNIPAM-polysiloxane particles and composite polymeric particles with embedded nanoparticles of an inorganic metal-oxide (MOx) such as CeO2 and TiO2 were formed. To promote the incorporation of unaggregated nanoparticles, temperature responsive microspherical gels (microgels) of N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) with interpenetrating (IP) linear chains of poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) were used. The organic-inorganic composition of the hybrid polymer network was controlled by changing the time for condensation and hydrolysis of the siloxane monomer during synthesis. Experimental results indicated that the planarization of silicon oxide wafers using these hybrid particles and composites exhibited lower topographical variations and surface roughness as compared to slurries consisting of only silica or ceria nanoparticles while achieving similar removal rates and better or similar frictional characteristics.

    摘要翻译: 制备有机 - 无机复合材料作为交联的热响应聚合物的胶体颗粒。 形成混合PNIPAM-聚硅氧烷颗粒和具有无机金属氧化物(MOx)如CeO 2和TiO 2的嵌入纳米颗粒的复合聚合物颗粒。 为了促进未聚集的纳米颗粒的掺入,使用具有聚(丙烯酸)(PAA)的互穿(IP)线性链的N-异丙基丙烯酰胺(NIPAM)的温度敏感性微球凝胶(微凝胶)。 通过在合成过程中改变硅氧烷单体的缩合和水解时间来控制杂化聚合物网络的有机 - 无机组合物。 实验结果表明,与仅由二氧化硅或二氧化铈纳米颗粒组成的浆料相比,使用这些杂化颗粒和复合材料的氧化硅晶片的平面化显示更低的形貌变化和表面粗糙度,同时实现类似的去除速率和更好或相似的摩擦特性。

    Hydrogel scaffolds for tissue engineering
    4.
    发明授权
    Hydrogel scaffolds for tissue engineering 有权
    水凝胶组织工程支架

    公开(公告)号:US08883503B2

    公开(公告)日:2014-11-11

    申请号:US13885839

    申请日:2011-08-08

    申请人: Ashok Kumar

    发明人: Ashok Kumar

    摘要: Disclosed herein are biodegradable hydrogel scaffolds for use in tissue engineering. The hydrogel scaffolds are composed of synthetic terpolymers complexed with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), which facilitate cell-sheet and tissue growth. In the presence of a monosaccharide, the PVA-hydrogel is dissolved and cell-sheets are released for harvesting. Further disclosed herein are methods for producing PVA hydrogels which support tissue growth. Tissue engineering applications and methods are also disclosed.

    摘要翻译: 本文公开了用于组织工程的可生物降解的水凝胶支架。 水凝胶支架由与聚乙烯醇(PVA)络合的合成三元共聚物组成,其促进细胞片和组织生长。 在单糖存在下,溶解PVA-水凝胶,释放细胞片进行收获。 本文进一步公开的是用于生产支持组织生长的PVA水凝胶的方法。 还公开了组织工程应用和方法。

    Method and system for providing holistic, iterative, rule-based traffic management
    10.
    发明授权
    Method and system for providing holistic, iterative, rule-based traffic management 有权
    提供整体,迭代,基于规则的流量管理的方法和系统

    公开(公告)号:US08189486B2

    公开(公告)日:2012-05-29

    申请号:US12057793

    申请日:2008-03-28

    IPC分类号: G01R31/08

    摘要: An approach is provided for monitoring traffic over a network link that is used to provide one or more services to one or more customers. A determination is made regarding whether a failure mode of the network link has occurred by comparing the monitored traffic to predetermined bandwidth criteria. A corrective action to be taken in response to the failure mode is selected, where selection of the corrective action to be taken is determined based on the failure mode. Further corrective actions selected iteratively from a predetermined list of successive actions are applied until the failure modes are addressed.

    摘要翻译: 提供了一种用于通过网络链路监视用于向一个或多个客户提供一个或多个服务的流量的方法。 通过将监视的流量与预定带宽标准进行比较来确定是否发生了网络链路的故障模式。 选择响应于故障模式采取的纠正措施,其中基于故障模式确定要采取的纠正措施的选择。 应用从预定的连续动作列表中迭代地选择的进一步的纠正措施,直到故障模式被寻址。