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公开(公告)号：US4857738A
公开(公告)日：1989-08-15
申请号：US135119
申请日：1987-12-18
申请人： David W. Myers , Robert G. Ozarski , Thiloma I. Perera , John F. Schipper , Raul V. Tan , Michael P. C. Watts
发明人： David W. Myers , Robert G. Ozarski , Thiloma I. Perera , John F. Schipper , Raul V. Tan , Michael P. C. Watts
CPC分类号： G03F7/70483 , G01N21/8422
摘要： Two methods of determination of the chemical changes induced in a film of material such as photoresist that has been exposed to electromagnetic radiation. Two methods use measurement of polarized light reflected by the film mounted on a substrate to determine a real refractive index or a complex refractive index of the film. Two other methods use measurement of polarized light by the film mounted on a (partly) transparent substrate to determine a real refractive index or a complex refractive index of the film.
摘要翻译： 确定在已经暴露于电磁辐射的光致抗蚀剂等材料的膜中引起的化学变化的两种方法。 两种方法使用由安装在衬底上的膜反射的偏振光的测量来确定膜的实际折射率或复折射率。 另外两种方法使用通过安装在（部分）透明衬底上的膜来测量偏振光，以确定膜的实际折射率或复合折射率。
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公开(公告)号：US4874240A
公开(公告)日：1989-10-17
申请号：US162431
申请日：1988-03-01
申请人： Michael P. C. Watts , Thiloma I. Perera , David W. Myers , Robert G. Ozarski , John F. Schipper , Raul V. Tan
发明人： Michael P. C. Watts , Thiloma I. Perera , David W. Myers , Robert G. Ozarski , John F. Schipper , Raul V. Tan
CPC分类号： G03F7/168
摘要： Several methods for evaluating certain changes induced in a film of semiconductor resist material after the coat process and before or at completion of the softbake process, by monitoring thickness of and absorption by a film of resist material.
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公开(公告)号：US4909631A
公开(公告)日：1990-03-20
申请号：US134638
申请日：1987-12-18
CPC分类号： G01N21/41 , G01B11/065 , G01N2021/4126
摘要： Two methods for determination of thickness of a film of known material that is mounted on one face of a solid substrate of known material are disclosed, using: (1) inversion of an optical beam reflectivity equation; or (2) determination of the film thickness that minimizes the variance of the optical beam reflectivity, computed at each of a predetermined sequence of optical beam wavelengths. Four methods for determination of the (real) refractive index of a film of known thickness mounted on a face of a solid substrate of known material are disclosed, using: (1) minimization of absolute differences of computed and measured optical beam reflectivity, summed over a sequence of known film thicknesses, for assumed values of the refractive index; (2 and 3) two iterative techniques of promote convergence of an estimate of the index to a final value of the refractive index; or (4) solution of a quadratic equation whose coefficients are slowly varying functions of the solution variable.
摘要翻译： 公开了两种用于确定安装在已知材料的固体基板的一个面上的已知材料的膜的厚度的方法：（1）反射光束反射率方程; 或（2）确定在预定的光束波长序列中计算出的光束反射率的方差最小化的膜厚度。 公开了用于确定安装在已知材料的固体基板的表面上的已知厚度的膜的（实际）折射率的四种方法，其使用：（1）最小化计算和测量的光束反射率的绝对差， 已知膜厚度序列，用于折射率的假设值; （2和3）两种迭代技术来促进指数估计与折射率的最终值的收敛; 或（4）二次方程的解，其系数是解变量的缓慢变化函数。
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公开(公告)号：US07718223B1
公开(公告)日：2010-05-18
申请号：US11007913
申请日：2004-12-07
申请人： Lance D. Delzeit , John F. Schipper
发明人： Lance D. Delzeit , John F. Schipper
IPC分类号： C23C16/00
摘要： A method for controlling density or tower height of carbon nanotube (CNT) arrays grown in spaced apart first and second regions on a substrate. CNTs having a first density range (or first tower height range) are grown in the first region using a first source temperature range for growth. Subsequently or simultaneously, CNTs having a second density range (or second tower height range), having an average density (or average tower height) in the second region different from the average density (or average tower height) for the first region, are grown in the second region, using supplemental localized heating for the second region. Applications for thermal dissipation and/or dissipation of electrical charge or voltage in an electronic device are discussed.
摘要翻译： 一种用于控制在衬底上间隔开的第一和第二区域中生长的碳纳米管（CNT）阵列的密度或塔架高度的方法。 使用第一源温度范围生长具有第一密度范围（或第一塔高度范围）的CNT在第一区域中生长。 随后或同时，生长具有与第一区域的平均密度（或平均塔架高度）不同的第二区域中具有平均密度（或平均塔架高度）的第二密度范围（或第二塔架高度范围）的CNT， 在第二区域，对第二区域使用补充局部加热。 讨论了用于电子设备中的电荷或电压的散热和/或消耗的应用。
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5.发明授权Determination and application of location and angular orientation of a pill transmitter within a body 失效药物发射器在体内的位置和角度方向的确定和应用公开(公告)号：US07616982B1
公开(公告)日：2009-11-10
申请号：US11473499
申请日：2006-06-22
申请人： John F. Schipper
发明人： John F. Schipper
IPC分类号： A61B5/05
摘要： A mobile pill transmitter system that moves through or adjacent to one or more organs in an animal's body and that provides signals from which the pill's present location and/or present angular orientation can be determined. The system also provides signals from which the present roll angle of the pill, about a selected axis, can be determined. When the location coordinates and the roll angle of the pill are within selected ranges, an aperture on the pill container releases a selected chemical into or onto the body. Optionally, the pill as it moves also provides a sequence of visually perceptible images; the times for image formation may correspond to times at which the pill transmitter system location or image satisfies one or at least four different criteria.
摘要翻译： 移动药丸发射器系统，其移动通过或邻近动物身体中的一个或多个器官，并提供可以确定药丸的当前位置和/或呈现角度取向的信号。 该系统还提供信号，从该信号可以确定药丸的当前滚动角度，围绕选定的轴线。 当药丸的位置坐标和卷边角度在选定范围内时，药丸容器上的孔将选定的化学物质释放到身体内或身上。 任选地，当它移动时，药丸也提供视觉可感知图像的序列; 图像形成的时间可以对应于药丸发射器系统位置或图像满足一个或至少四个不同标准的时间。
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公开(公告)号：US06268804B1
公开(公告)日：2001-07-31
申请号：US09523830
申请日：2000-03-13
IPC分类号： G08G116
CPC分类号： G01S15/931 , B60T2201/08 , B60T2201/081 , G01S5/0072 , G01S13/931 , G01S19/48 , G01S2013/9325 , G01S2013/9346 , G01S2013/9353 , G01S2013/9357 , G01S2013/936 , G01S2013/9367 , G01S2013/9385 , G08G1/164 , G08G1/166 , Y10S367/909
摘要： A system for monitoring operation and location of a first moving vehicle relative to a second moving vehicle. A minimum separation distance between the first and second vehicles is estimated, based on the first vehicle velocity, and optionally on the second vehicle velocity, using location determination (LD) signals received from satellite-based transmitters from GPS, GLONASS and LEO satellites, or from ground-based signal sources such as LORAN signal towers, and using ranging signals from SONAR, RADAR or a similar system. The minimum separation distance is compared with the actual separation distance at selected times, and a vehicle driver is advised if the actual separation distance is too small, if the separation distance is decreasing too quickly, or if the second vehicle velocity is decreasing too quickly. The second vehicle may travel in the same traffic lane, in an adjacent lane, or on a road that intersects the road used by the first vehicle. Where the first and second vehicles travel on separate roads that will intersect, the system estimates whether the second vehicle will stop, or will be able to stop, at the intersection. The second vehicle may be a railroad car, such as a locomotive, or a road vehicle. A maximum vehicle clear-view velocity, consistent with vehicle stopping within a selected distance, is estimated. Road conditions are estimated and compensated for in estimating the minimum separation distance and/or the maximum vehicle clear-view velocity.
摘要翻译： 一种用于监测第一移动车辆相对于第二移动车辆的操作和位置的系统。 使用从GPS，GLONASS和LEO卫星的基于卫星的发射器接收的位置确定（LD）信号，基于第一车辆速度，并且可选地基于第二车辆速度来估计第一和第二车辆之间的最小间隔距离，或 来自诸如LORAN信号塔的地面信号源，以及使用来自SONAR，RADAR或类似系统的测距信号。 将最小间隔距离与选定时间的实际间隔距离进行比较，如果实际分隔距离太小，则间隔距离过小，或第二车速下降过快时，建议车辆驾驶员。 第二辆车可以在相同的行车道，相邻的车道，或与第一车辆使用的道路相交的道路上行驶。 在第一和第二车辆在相交的不同道路上行驶的情况下，系统估计第二辆车是否将在交叉路口停下或将能够停下来。 第二车辆可以是铁路车辆，例如机车或道路车辆。 估计与选定距离内的车辆停止一致的最大车辆清视速度。 在估计最小间隔距离和/或最大车辆清除速度时估计和补偿道路条件。
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公开(公告)号：US5983159A
公开(公告)日：1999-11-09
申请号：US940709
申请日：1997-09-30
申请人： John F. Schipper
发明人： John F. Schipper
CPC分类号： G01S5/14
摘要： Method and apparatus for determining the location of a point on a rotating body, using location determination (LD) signals received from as few as one satellite, preferably non-geosynchronous. Where signals from two or more satellites are received, one may be geosynchronous. Pseudoranges are measured from one or more satellites at two or more selected, spaced apart observation times, and the simultaneous rotations of the body and the satellite(s) relative to each other result in different body-satellite constellations for which the initial location coordinates (and, optionally, signal receiver time offset) of the selected point are determined exactly, without approximation or iteration. The selected point may be motionless or may be allowed to move with known coordinate differences between the initial unknown location and the present location at each observation time. Pseudoranges from different satellites, or even from different satellite systems (GPS, GLONASS, LEO, etc.) can be measured and used in this procedure.
摘要翻译： 使用从少于一个卫星接收的位置确定（LD）信号来确定旋转体上的点的位置的方法和装置，优选地球同步。 在接收到来自两个或更多个卫星的信号的地方，可以是地球同步的。 在两个或更多选择的间隔观察时间，从一个或多个卫星测量伪距，并且身体和卫星相对于彼此的同时旋转导致不同的身体 - 卫星星座，初始位置坐标（ 并且可选地，信号接收机时间偏移）被精确地确定，而不进行近似或迭代。 所选择的点可以是静止的，或者可以允许在每个观察时间处的初始未知位置和当前位置之间的已知坐标差移动。 可以测量和使用来自不同卫星，甚至来自不同卫星系统（GPS，GLONASS，LEO等）的伪波。
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公开(公告)号：US5974689A
公开(公告)日：1999-11-02
申请号：US34369
申请日：1998-03-03
IPC分类号： B08B3/04 , B08B3/08 , B08B3/12 , C11D7/50 , C11D11/00 , C23G5/02 , C23G5/04 , H01L21/00 , H01L21/02 , H05K3/26 , F26B3/00
CPC分类号： H01L21/6704 , B08B3/04 , B08B3/08 , B08B3/12 , C11D11/0041 , C11D7/5063 , C23G5/02 , C23G5/04 , H01L21/02052 , H01L21/67034 , H05K3/26
摘要： Method and apparatus for drying and/or cleaning a workpiece, such as an electronic part, semiconductor wafer, printed circuit board or the like. As the workpiece is withdrawn from a processing liquid, a selected drying liquid, such as hydrofluoroether (HFE) or an HFE azeotrope, that has a very small surface tension, is volatile, and has a density that is greater than the processing liquid density, is sprayed on, dribbled on or otherwise transferred to an exposed surface of the workpiece. The workpiece can be dried in 7-45 seconds, or less, in most situations and can be cleaned using the invention. Drying and/or cleaning can be performed in a single workpiece process, a single workpiece continuous process or a batch process.
摘要翻译： 用于干燥和/或清洁工件的方法和装置，例如电子部件，半导体晶片，印刷电路板等。 当工件从处理液体中取出时，具有非常小的表面张力的所选干燥液体如氢氟醚（HFE）或HFE共沸物是挥发性的，并且具有大于加工液体密度的密度， 被喷涂，运送或以其他方式转移到工件的暴露表面。 在大多数情况下，工件可以在7-45秒或更短的时间内干燥，并且可以使用本发明进行清洁。 干燥和/或清洁可以在单个工件工艺，单个工件连续工艺或间歇工艺中进行。
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公开(公告)号：US5892454A
公开(公告)日：1999-04-06
申请号：US734721
申请日：1996-10-21
申请人： John F. Schipper , James M. Janky
发明人： John F. Schipper , James M. Janky
CPC分类号： G07C9/00111 , G01S19/48 , G08B21/22 , G08B21/245
摘要： Method and apparatus for monitoring present location of a person ("confinee") who is to be confined to a designated site, which site can have a diameter as small as a few meters or as large as several kilometers. The present location of the confinee is checked at selected time intervals with time periods ranging from one second to thousands of seconds, as desired. The confinee wears a location-determining ("LD") unit that receives electromagnetic signals that contain information allowing determination of the present location of the LD unit, and thus of the confinee, from three or more non-collinear outdoor LD signal sources and from three or more non-collinear indoor LD signal sources. The indoor LD signal sources may be radiowave transmitters. The outdoor LD signal sources may be transmitters for a Loran, Omega, Decca, Tacan, JTIDS Relnav or PLRS or similar ground-based system, or transmitters for a satellite positioning system, such as GPS or GLONASS. The relative phases or transmission times for the signals from each indoor LD signal source are determined and provided for the LD unit. The present location or change location of the LD unit is determined and compared with the permitted site location coordinates at a sequence of selected times to determine if the confinee is present at the site at such times. The LD unit issues an alarm signal if the confinee is not on the site and has not arranged beforehand to leave the permitted site for a selected time interval. �The permitted site can be redefined, for a selected time interval, to include the first permitted site, a second permitted site and a corridor extending between the first and second permitted sites for a selected time interval, after which the permitted site can be changed again to include only the first or the second permitted site or a portion thereof. �This allows the confinee to temporarily leave the original permitted site to seek medical attention or to attend to other needs, or to be moved permanently to the second site.! The permitted site can be redefined at any time and for any subsequent time interval. One or more exclusion sites can be designated where the confinee is not permitted to go at any time.!
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公开(公告)号：US5764770A
公开(公告)日：1998-06-09
申请号：US905842
申请日：1997-08-04
申请人： John F. Schipper , Allan M. Pelley
发明人： John F. Schipper , Allan M. Pelley
CPC分类号： H04N1/32122 , G01S19/14 , H04N1/32144 , H04N1/32208 , H04N1/32229 , H04N1/32251 , H04N1/32261 , H04N2101/00 , H04N2201/3215 , H04N2201/3225 , H04N2201/3233 , H04N2201/3253 , H04N2201/3254 , H04N2201/3274 , H04N2201/3281
摘要： Apparatus for producing a self-authenticating visual image of a selected view, using a digital image forming means, such as a digital camera, together with a position determining system that provides position information, including location and/or angular orientation and/or time of observation at the time a digital image is formed. The digital image of the selected view is presented as an array of pixels with associated pixel values. The position information is incorporated in the digital image by altering selected pixel bit values for a selected authentication pattern P of pixels in a chosen subset CS of the pixel array; and this selected pattern may be determined using the position information. The position information may be encrypted, using an encryption key based on position information, and may be stored separate from, or as part of, the digital image. The authentication pattern is represented by an authentication key or indicium, a single number or an ordered sequence of numbers, that is transmitted with the modified digital image and incorporated position information. The authentication pattern P is preferably chosen so that any circle or other connected pixel region of diameter at least equal to a selected number D contains at least one pixel from the subset CS. The pixel array may be overlaid by a set of polygons, such as triangles, rectangles, parallelograms or hexagons, with at least one pixel from the subset CS in each polygon.
摘要翻译： 一种用于产生所选视图的自认证视觉图像的设备，使用诸如数字照相机的数字图像形成装置与提供位置信息的位置确定系统一起提供位置信息，包括位置和/或角度定向和/或时间 数字图像形成时的观察。 所选视图的数字图像被呈现为具有相关联的像素值的像素阵列。 通过改变所选择的像素阵列的子集CS中的像素的认证图案P的选择的像素比特值，将位置信息并入数字图像中; 并且可以使用位置信息来确定该选择的图案。 可以使用基于位置信息的加密密钥来加密位置信息，并且可以与数字图像分离存储或作为数字图像的一部分存储位置信息。 认证模式由认证密钥或标记，单个数字或有序的数字序列表示，其与修改的数字图像一起发送并且包括位置信息。 优选地选择认证图案P，使得直径至少等于所选数量D的任何圆形或其他连接的像素区域包含来自子集CS的至少一个像素。 像素阵列可以由一组多边形覆盖，例如三角形，矩形，平行四边形或六边形，具有来自每个多边形中的子集CS的至少一个像素。
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