摘要:
A vehicle having a combustion engine supercharged by a turbocharger (6) with variable turbine geometry and having electronic control members (3) controlling the supply of fuel and air to the combustion chamber of the engine. The control members are designed, during forward travel of the vehicle, on the basis of input information on at least road gradient and gas pedal position, to estimate future road resistance and the time period up to a future transient in the operating condition of the engine. The control members are designed to control changes in the turbine geometry during the time period so as to optimize the response of the engine when the transient arises.
摘要:
Method and arrangement for achieving lower emissions during operation of a vehicle that includes comprising a combustion engine (10) that emits exhaust gases into an exhaust system (140) having a catalyzes (320). An injection device (310) is arranged to inject a substance into the exhaust system and a transmission (90) is provided that is driven by the engine. The method includes selecting a gear in the vehicle's transmission in response to at least information about whether catalytic conversion is required and information about the temperature (T) in the exhaust system so that the selected gear regulates the temperature in the exhaust system.
摘要:
Method and arrangement for providing a powertrain (1, 3, 9) for motor vehicles that includes an internal combustion engine (1) and a stagegeared gearbox (9), which has a direct gear and an indirect gear with intermeshing toothed gears (12, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23,). A control element (45, 48) is configured, in response to an input signal indicating that a direct gear is engaged, to be capable of controlling and/or regulating the engine (1) so that the engine can deliver a higher maximum permitted torque than when the direct gear is not engaged. The increase in the maximum permitted torque is allowed when the efficiency of the powertrain (1, 3, 9) with direct gear engaged and increased engine torque is superior to the efficiency of the powertrain (1, 3, 9) when any of the indirect gears (12, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23,) having a lower maximum permitted engine output torque are engaged.
摘要:
Method and arrangement for controlling a clutch coupling (3) via a brake control (17). The primary function of the clutch coupling (3) is to transmit motive force from an internal combustion engine (1) arranged in a vehicle to an automatic stage-geared gearbox (9) that is arranged in the vehicle, and in which the primary function of the brake control (17) is to control service brakes (16) of the vehicle. The method and the device are characterized in that at zero throttle opening, with a low gear engaged and no brake force required, a control function is activated in which the clutch coupling (3) is controlled via the brake control (17).
摘要:
Motor vehicle with an internal combustion engine, a transmission and at least a first and a second brake device. The first brake device acts directly on at least some of the wheels of the vehicle and the second brake device acts on the driving wheels of the vehicle via the transmission and is arranged before the clutch device of the transmission. The first brake device is activated when the second brake device is in an activated state and a shifting operation is started.
摘要:
A sealing and bonding material structure for joining semiconductor wafers having monolithically integrated components. The sealing and bonding material are provided in strips forming closed loops. There are provided at least two concentric sealing strips on one wafer. The strips are laid out so as to surround the component(s) on the wafers to be sealed off when wafers are bonded together. The material in the strips is a material bonding the semiconductor wafers together and sealing off the monolithically integrated components when subjected to force and optionally heating. A monolithically integrated electrical and/or mechanical and/or fluidic and/or optical device including a first substrate and a second substrate, bonded together with the sealing and bonding structure, and a method of providing a sealing and bonding material structure on at least one of two wafers and applying a force and optionally heat to the wafers to join them are described.
摘要:
A sealing and bonding material structure for joining semiconductor wafers having monolithically integrated components. The sealing and bonding material are provided in strips forming closed loops. There are provided at least two concentric sealing strips on one wafer. The strips are laid out so as to surround the component(s) on the wafers to be sealed off when wafers are bonded together. The material in the strips is a material bonding the semiconductor wafers together and sealing off the monolithically integrated components when subjected to force and optionally heating. A monolithically integrated electrical and/or mechanical and/or fluidic and/or optical device including a first substrate and a second substrate, bonded together with the sealing and bonding structure, and a method of providing a sealing and bonding material structure on at least one of two wafers and applying a force and optionally heat to the wafers to join them are described.
摘要:
A vehicle side underrun protection having at least one load-bearing member that extends between the wheels or sets of wheels of the vehicle in the vehicle's longitudinal direction. The member(s) extend basically along the outer contour of the vehicle and serves as side impact protection and/or protection to prevent unprotected road-users ending up under the vehicle. The side underrun protection (1) has at least one longitudinal section (12, 13, 14) suspended in at least two first brackets (2, 3) fixed to the vehicle, along which brackets (2, 3) at least one end of each individual section (12, 13, 14) of the side underrun protection (1) is vertically adjustable from at least a first, active position to a second, inactive position. The invention also relates to a vehicle provided with such a side underrun protection.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a control system and communications systems that make it possible to transport traffic in a connection-oriented mode using the network infrastructure (30) and hardware of a traditionally connectionless network (34). According to the invention a traditionally connectionless network is complemented with a connection-oriented control plane (37). A subset (38b) of the address space (38) that in a connectionless network is used to define destination addresses is reserved for connection-oriented transport and is used to define path labels. An advantage of the invention is that an inexpensive Ethernet infrastructure (30) can be used for implementing a connection-oriented network (35).