摘要:
Electrophotographic light-sensitive elements according to the invention comprise(a) a conductive support;(b) a photoconductive layer; and(c) a surface protective layer.The conductive support is formed in a sheet-like or cylindrical shape from any suitable conductive material, and acts as an electrode of the light-sensitive element as well as acting as a physical support. The photoconductive layer comprises amorphous hydrogenated silicon having a high absorption efficiency and photoconductivity. The a--Si:H of a photoconductive layer may contain other elements such as fluorine, carbon, nitrogen and germanium, and may be doped with elements belonging to groups III and V of the periodic table. The surface protective layer is the outermost layer of an electrophotographic light-sensitive element according to the invention, and imparts resistance to environmental conditions. The surface protective layer comprises hydrogenated amorphous carbon, and may additionally contain silicon, nitrogen, oxygen or fluorine. The percentage of hydrogen can vary from 1 to 60 mole percent depending upon the conditions under which the surface layer is formed. Preferably, hydrogen is between 10 and 40 mole percent.
摘要:
A photosensitive material comprising a photosensitive layer composed of an amorphous silicon-based material formed on an electrically conductive support, and a surface layer formed on said photosensitive layer, the surface layer being composed of amorphous carbon containing hydrogen and fluorine has improved printing durability and humidity resistance.
摘要:
An electrophotographic photoreceptor comprises a conductive base, a photoconductive layer formed of amophous silicon on the conductive base, a buffer layer on the photoconductive layer, and a surface layer covering the photoconductive layer through the buffer layer, wherein the buffer layer is formed of amorphous carbon.
摘要:
An electrophotographic photoconductor and method of manufacturing thereof exhibits excellent characteristics of residual potential and repetition potential by containment of an additive of a compound. The electrophotographic photoconductor includes a conductive substrate and a photosensitive layer on the substrate, in which the photosensitive layer contains tri(4-nitrophenyl) phosphate.
摘要:
This thin film forming method for a solar cell forms a thin film that contains a plurality of elements on the surface of an object to be processed. A raw material solution that contains the elements is dispersed in a processing space and microparticles by an electric field, and the microparticles that are dispersed form a thin film that adheres to the surface of the object to be processed. Thus, a thin film for a solar cell element with preferable crystallinity can be formed even in an atmosphere at atmospheric pressure.
摘要:
A method comprising the steps of: forming a copper film (101) on a Cu barrier film (100); forming a mask material (102) on the copper film (101); anisotropically etching the copper film (101) until the Cu barrier film (100) is exposed, using the mask material (102) as a mask; and removing the mask material (102) and subsequently forming a plating film (104) that contains a substance for suppressing copper diffusion on the anisotropically etched copper film (101), using an electroless plating method that utilizes a selective deposition in which catalytic action occurs with respect to the copper film (101) but not the Cu barrier film (100).
摘要:
This etching method comprises a step for forming an organic compound gas (22) atmosphere around a copper film (101) that has a mask material (102) formed on the surface thereof and a step for using the mask material (102) as a mask on the copper film (101), irradiating with oxygen ions (6), and performing anisotropic etching of the copper film (101) in the organic compound gas (22) atmosphere.
摘要:
A substrate processing method includes applying electroless plating of CoWB onto a Cu interconnection line formed on a wafer W, and then performing a post-cleaning process by use of a cleaning liquid on the target substrate or wafer before a by-product is precipitated on the surface of the CoWB film formed by the electroless plating to cover the Cu interconnection line.
摘要:
Into a metal tube (24) provided with vent-holes (32) is inserted an oxygen sensor element (10) which comprises a ceramic round rod coated with a porous thick membrane of transition-metal oxide, divided electrode thick membranes (14) and a protective layer therefor, thereby to obtain an oxygen sensor. One electrode of the oxygen sensor element is connected to the metal tube and the opposite electrode is connected to a connecting lead wire (64, 66) electrically insulated from the tube, so that the oxygen sensor is rich in toughness against the mechanical oscillation and impact. The sensor may suitably be used to detect the oxygen content in the waste gas of automobiles.
摘要:
A CoWB film is formed as a cap metal on a Cu interconnection line formed on a substrate or wafer W, by repeating a plating step and a post-cleaning step a plurality of times. The plating step is arranged to apply electroless plating containing CoWB onto the Cu interconnection line. The post-cleaning step is arranged to clean the wafer W by use of a cleaning liquid, after the plating step.