摘要:
One embodiment includes a liquid-metal alloy negative electrode for a lithium-ion battery. The electrode may also include a porous matrix that comprises a polymer matrix material, a hydrogel material, or a ceramic material.
摘要:
A method of forming an electrode of a lithium ion secondary battery includes combining a binder and active particles to form a mixture, coating a surface with the mixture to form a coated article, translating the article along a first plane, cutting a first plurality of carbon fibers, each having a first average length, to form a second plurality of carbon fibers, each having a longitudinal axis and a second average length that is shorter than the first average length, inserting the second plurality of fibers into the mixture layer so that the longitudinal axis of each of at least a portion of the second plurality of fibers is not parallel to the first plane to form a preform, wherein the second plurality of fibers forms a truss structure disposed in three dimensions within the mixture layer, and heating the preform to form the electrode. An electrode is also disclosed.
摘要:
A method of forming an electrode of a lithium ion secondary battery includes combining a binder and active particles to form a mixture, coating a surface with the mixture to form a coated article, translating the article along a first plane, cutting a first plurality of carbon fibers, each having a first average length, to form a second plurality of carbon fibers, each having a longitudinal axis and a second average length that is shorter than the first average length, inserting the second plurality of fibers into the mixture layer so that the longitudinal axis of each of at least a portion of the second plurality of fibers is not parallel to the first plane to form a preform, wherein the second plurality of fibers forms a truss structure disposed in three dimensions within the mixture layer, and heating the preform to form the electrode. An electrode is also disclosed.
摘要:
An alcohol sensing device is provided for determining the alcohol content within an alcohol/gasoline fuel mixture provided to an internal combustion engine. The sensing device uses infrared spectrometry measuring techniques. The infrared sensing device determines the ratio of light absorption by the alcohol/gasoline mixture at two discrete wavelengths within the near-infrared spectrum. The two particular wavelengths of interest are preferably chosen so that at one of the infrared wavelengths, alcohol is strongly absorbing while the gasoline exhibits very little absorption, and at the second wavelength both the alcohol and the gasoline exhibit are essentially non-absorbing. A light beam is transmitted through the alcohol/gasoline fuel mixture such that the two discrete wavelengths traverse the same optical path. A first and second detector are adjacently disposed so as to receive the emitted light from each wavelength after their transmission through the alcohol/gasoline fuel mixture. A third and fourth detector are adjacently disposed in proximity to the first and second detectors for sensing the drift in ambient temperatures corresponding to the first and second detectors. Once the signals corresponding to the two wavelengths are obtained and the signals corresponding to the ambient temperatures are factored out, the ratio of the absorbances by the fuel mixture at both wavelengths is computed. From this ratio and the fuel temperature the concentration of alcohol in the fuel is determined.
摘要:
Polyvinyl acetal resin, use thereof as an adhesion promoting additive, method of producing same, and adhesive composition comprising sameAn acrylate- or methacrylate-substituted polyvinyl acetal resin of formula I: ##STR1## wherein the weight percentages of the X, Y and Z groups are variable, R is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group, andR.sub.1 is hydrogen atom or a methyl group, is described.The resin of formula I is produced by acrylating or methacrylating a polyvinyl acetal resin of formula II: ##STR2## in which the weight percentages of the X', Y' and Z' groups are variable, particularly in the range 68 to 88% X, 6 to 19% Y' and 1 to 26% Z.The compounds of formula I are used to promote adhesion of acrylate or methacrylate ester based adhesive compositions to polyester plastic substrates.
摘要:
An encapsulating composition for electronic devices comprises a curable material such as a silicone resin and an ion scavenger compound selected from certain calixarene or oxacalixarene compounds in which at least half of the phenolic groups have been substituted by specific groups and certain silacrown compounds. Exemplary ion scavenger compounds include ##STR1## the tetraethyl acetate of 7, 13, 19, 25-tetra-tertbutyl-27, 28, 29, 30-tetrahydroxy-2,3-dihomo-3-oxacalix-4-arene and 1,1-dimethasila-17-crown-6.
摘要:
Oxacalixarenes of general formula I: ##STR1## wherein m=0-7 and n=1-8 with the proviso that m+n.ltoreq.8;R is hydrogen, halogen, or hydrocarbyl, aryl, hydrocarbylaryl or a substituted derivative thereof, and R may be the same or different on each aryl group; andR' is hydrocarbyl, aryl, hydrocarbylaryl, hydrocarbyloxy, aryloxy or hydrocarbylaryloxy or a substituted derivative thereof.The invention also provides a method of preparing oxacalixarenes of formula I, and cyanoacrylate adhesive compositions including as accelerator an oxacalixarene of formula I.