Abstract:
A radiation generating apparatus includes: an envelope 1 having a first window 2 through which a radiation is transmitted; and a radiation tube 10 being held within the envelope 1, and having a second window 15 which is arranged in opposition to the first window 2, and through which the radiation is transmitted; and a radiation shielding member 16 thermally connected to the second window 15, having a radiation transmitting hole 21 arranged in communication with the second window 15, and having a protruding portion protruding from the second window 15 toward the first window 2. A thermally conductive member 17 having a higher thermal conductivity rather than that of the radiation shielding member 16 is connected to the protruding portion of the radiation shielding member 16. The radiation generating apparatus can shield an unnecessary radiation and cool a target with a simple structure and is entirely reduced in weight.
Abstract:
In a construction having a radiation tube in an envelope filled with an insulating liquid, a radiation generating apparatus which realizes a miniaturization of the apparatus, an improvement of a withstanding voltage between the envelope and the radiation tube, and a decrease in attenuation amount of the radiation and a radiation imaging apparatus using the radiation generating apparatus are provided. The radiation generating apparatus has an envelope 12 having a first window 27 for transmitting the radiation, a radiation tube 14 enclosed in the envelope 12 and having a second window 19 for transmitting the radiation at a position in opposition to the first window 27, and an insulating liquid 13 filled between the envelope 12 and the radiation tube 14. A solid-state insulating member 28 is placed between the first window 27 and its periphery and the second window 19 and its periphery.
Abstract:
A substrate for an electron source, the substrate including a plurality of electron emission devices each including a pair of opposing electrodes. The substrate is prepared using an intaglio plate having recessed portions corresponding to a pattern of the electrodes, the depth of the recessed portions being in the range from 4 &mgr;m to 15 &mgr;m, filling the recessed portions with ink, pressing a blanket against the intaglio plate so that the ink is transferred from the inside of the recessed portions onto the blanket, and bringing the blanket into contact with the substrate so that the ink is transferred from the blanket onto the substrate thereby forming the electrode pattern.
Abstract:
An image forming apparatus, according to the present invention, comprises a first substrate whereon are provided a functional element and electric wiring that is connected to the functional element, and a second substrate whereon is an area where an image is to be formed, and wherein, with the first substrate and the second substrate being located opposite to each other, space between the first substrate and the second substrate is kept in a pressure-reduced state so as to form an image in the area on the second substrate, and wherein the electric wiring is formed of a laminated conductive material by a process that plates a printed pattern, which is initially deposited by a printing process.
Abstract:
After a recessed portion 2 is formed in a first substrate made of single crystal silicon by crystal axis anisotropic etching, a peeling layer and a material of a fine tip which may be a noble metal or a noble metal alloy are formed. A second substrate is joined to the fine tip, and peeling is performed on the peeling layer, whereby the fine tip is formed on the second substrate.
Abstract:
A liquid crystal device comprising a pair of substrates each having an electrode, and a liquid crystal layer having a chiral smectic phase, provided between the substrates, wherein a first substrate which is one of the substrates comprises; i) a plurality of first electrodes dividedly disposed, the plurality of first electrodes being covered with a monomolecular film or monomolecular built-up film in such a way that the monomolecular film or monomolecular built-up film provided on the first electrodes and between the first electrodes is formed in a continuous film; and ii) a second electrode provided on the monomolecular film or monomolecular built-up film in such a way that an MIM device is formed at the part where the first electrodes, the monomolecular film or monomolecular built-up film and the second electrode overlap in layers.
Abstract:
A radiation generating apparatus of the present invention includes an envelope 1 including a first window 2 allowing radiation to pass; a radiation tube 10 that is accommodated in the envelope 1, and includes a second window 15 allowing radiation to pass, at a position opposite to the first window 2; a radiation passing hole 21 that is thermally connected to the second window 15 and communicates with the second window 15; and a radiation shielding member 16 protruding from the second window 15 toward the first window 2. In this apparatus, a thermally conductive member 17 having a higher thermal conductivity than the radiation shielding member 16 is connected to an outer periphery of the protruding portion of the radiation shielding member 16. The simple configuration can shield unnecessary radiation, and cool the target, while facilitating reduction in weight.
Abstract:
A radiation generating apparatus includes: an envelope 1 having a first window 2 through which a radiation is transmitted; and a radiation tube 10 being held within the envelope 1, and having a second window 15 which is arranged in opposition to the first window 2, and through which the radiation is transmitted; and a radiation shielding member 16 thermally connected to the second window 15, having a radiation transmitting hole 21 arranged in communication with the second window 15, and having a protruding portion protruding from the second window 15 toward the first window 2. A thermal conducting member 17 having a higher thermal conductivity rather than that of the radiation shielding member 16 is connected to the protruding portion of the radiation shielding member 16. The radiation generating apparatus can shield an unnecessary radiation and cool a target with a simple structure and is entirely reduced in weight.
Abstract:
An electron-emitting device comprises a substrate, an electrode provided on said substrate, an insulating layer laminated on the electrode, and a second electrode having an opening and laminated on the insulating layer in such a manner that the insulating layer is uncovered at the opening and electrons are emitted from the opening of the second electrode as a result of application of an voltage between the electrodes. An image display apparatus comprises the electron-emitting device, a modulating electrode capable of modulating an electron beam emitted from the electron-emitting device, in accordance with an information signal, and an image forming member capable of forming an image as a result of irradiation with the electron beam, these of which are successively disposed. An image forming apparatus comprises the electron-emitting device, and a means for modulating an electron beam emitted from said electron-emitting device, in accordance with an information signal.
Abstract:
An encoder includes an electrically conductive reference scale having surface steps formed at predetermined positions; an electrically conductive probe having a tip disposed opposed to the reference scale; wherein the reference scale and the probe are relatively movable in a direction different from the opposing direction of the tip of the probe and the reference scale; a portion for applying an electrical voltage to between the reference scale and the probe; a portion for detecting a change in a tunnel current between the reference scale and the probe, to between which the electric voltage is applied by the voltage applying portion at the time of the relative movement between the scale and the probe, the detecting portion detecting the change in the tunnel current when the probe passes a position opposed to a surface step of the reference scale; and portion for detecting the amount of the relative movement between the scale and probe, on the basis of the detection by the change detecting portion.