摘要:
A mercury-free high-intensity discharge lamp operating apparatus includes a horizontally operated high-intensity discharge lamp including an arc tube in which a luminous material is enclosed and a pair of electrodes are arranged in the arc tube; a ballast including an alternating current generation means for supplying alternating current to the pair of electrodes; and a magnetic field application means for applying in substantially vertical direction a magnetic field having a component that is substantially perpendicular to a straight line connecting heads of the pair of electrodes; wherein mercury is not included as the luminous material in the arc tube. The present invention satisfies the relationship 0
摘要:
A mercury-free metal halide lamp includes an arc tube including a pair of electrodes inside the tube. In the arc tube, a rare gas and a metal halide are contained, and no mercury is contained. The mercury-free metal halide lamp is horizontally operated such that the pair of electrodes is substantially horizontal. The mercury-free metal halide lamp further includes magnetic field applying means for applying a magnetic field including a component substantially perpendicular to a straight line connecting heads of the pair of electrodes in a substantially vertical direction. The density of halogen atoms evaporated during steady-state operation with respect to unit inner volume of the arc tube is 20 &mgr;mol/cc or more.
摘要:
A high-pressure discharge lamp includes an arc tube portion enclosing a luminous material in the tube; a side tube portion substantially made of quartz glass that extends from the arc tube portion; and an electrode rod whose first end is arranged in the arc tube portion and a part of which is provided in the side tube portion. The electrode rod is substantially made of tungsten. A region containing at least one of copper oxide and copper is present in at least a part of the portion of the side tube portion in which the part of the electrode rod is positioned.
摘要:
A metal halide lamp for an automobile headlight is provided, which includes an arc tube in which a pair of tungsten electrodes are provided at both ends and a metal halide as a main component of a luminescent material and xenon gas as a buffer gas are sealed, wherein the tungsten electrodes contain not more than 0.4 wt % of thorium oxide, the metal halide contains scandium iodide, and a pressure of the xenon sealed in the arc tube is at least 0.4 MPa. This makes it possible to provide a long-life metal halide lamp for an automobile headlight that can achieve a further improved lumen maintenance factor and other life characteristics during 2000 hours or more of lighting.
摘要:
A lamp made of a tube having a light emission portion glass and a side tube portion glass that extends in the light emission portion glass. The lamp has a sealed electrode assembly having an electrical current supply line with one end portion connected to a metal foil. A first portion of the side tube portion where an electrical current supply line is located is heated and this portion is compressed by a first pressure. A second portion of the side tube portion where a metal foil is located is heated and this portion is compressed by a second pressure. The second pressure is made larger than the first pressure.
摘要:
A power supply control IC is mounted on a surface of a multilayer body that defines a power supply control circuit module. A first inner-layer electrode connecting an inductor element and a switching regulator element for the power supply control IC, another first inner-layer electrode connecting the inductor element and a capacitor element, and still another first inner-layer electrode connecting the switching regulator element and the capacitor element are located on upper layer regions of the multilayer body and are routed in between a mounting area of the power supply control IC and a peripheral wall of the multilayer body. The first inner-layer electrodes have widths that are wider than those of second inner-layer electrodes which are located near a center region of the multilayer body and transmit control signals.
摘要:
A circuit module includes a substrate that has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape and includes a plurality of inner conductive layers, an electronic component disposed on a first main surface of the substrate, an insulating layer disposed on the first main surface of the substrate so as to cover the electronic component, a shielding layer disposed on a surface of the insulating layer, and a ground electrode connected to the plurality of inner conductive layers. At least two of the inner conductive layers are directly connected to the shielding layer.
摘要:
The method for producing a photovoltaic cell includes applying, on a partial region of one surface side of a semiconductor substrate, a first p-type diffusion layer forming composition including a p-type impurity-containing glass powder and a dispersion medium; applying, on at least a region other than the partial region on the surface of the semiconductor substrate, a second p-type diffusion layer forming composition which includes a p-type impurity-containing glass powder and a dispersion medium and in which a concentration of the p-type impurity is lower than that of the first p-type diffusion layer forming composition, where the first p-type diffusion layer forming composition is applied; heat-treating the semiconductor substrate on which the first p-type diffusion layer forming composition and the second p-type diffusion layer forming composition are applied to form a p-type diffusion layer; and forming an electrode on the partial region.
摘要:
The method for producing a photovoltaic cell includes applying, on a partial region of one surface side of a semiconductor substrate, a first n-type diffusion layer forming composition including an n-type impurity-containing glass powder and a dispersion medium; applying, on at least a region other than the partial region on the surface of the semiconductor substrate, a second n-type diffusion layer forming composition which includes an n-type impurity-containing glass powder and a dispersion medium and in which a concentration of the n-type impurity is lower than that of the first n-type diffusion layer forming composition, where the first n-type diffusion layer forming composition is applied; heat-treating the semiconductor substrate on which the first n-type diffusion layer forming composition and the second n-type diffusion layer forming composition are applied to form an n-type diffusion layer; and forming an electrode on the partial region.
摘要:
A navigation apparatus is disclosed. The navigation apparatus includes a remote control device having a manipulation member and a force generator. The manipulation member is movable in response to user's manipulation and enables the user to point to a position on a display screen of the display device remotely. The force generator applies a force to the manipulation member against the manipulation of the manipulation member. The navigation apparatus sets content of the force based on an arrangement of an item image on the display screen, so that the force causes the pointed position to be attracted toward a fixed item image when the pointed position is located around the fixed item image, while the first force does not cause the pointed position to be attracted toward an on-map item image, which is superimposed on a map image.