摘要:
A number of improvements relating to methods and apparatuses for kidney dialysis are disclosed. These include checking of dialysate bypass status using flow measurement; using a flow sensor to confirm the absence of ultrafiltration during bypass; automatic testing of ultrafiltration function by removal of a discrete volume from a portion of the dialysate flow path coupled with a pressure test of that part of the flow path; using a touch screen user interface; bar graph profile programming of ultrafiltration, sodium, and bicarbonate parameters; using a RAM card to upload treatment instructions to, and to download treatment data from, the machine; automatic setting of proportioning mode (acetate or bicarbonate) based on connections of concentrate lines; predicting dialysate conductivity values based on brand and formulation of concentrates; minimizing no-flow dead time between dialysate pulses; initiating operation in a timed mode from a machine power-off condition; preserving machine mode during machine power-fail condition; calibration scheduling and reminding; automatic level adjusting; and blood leak flow rate detecting.
摘要:
A method for carrying out therapeutic apheresis comprises separating plasma from whole blood in-vivo and removing selected disease-related components from the separated plasma. Apparatus for carrying out therapeutic apheresis includes a filter device for being implanted in a blood vessel for carrying out in-vivo plasma separation having one or more elongated hollow tubes and a plurality of elongated hollow microporous fibers capable of separating plasma from whole blood at pressure and blood flow within a patient's vein, a multiple lumen catheter secured to the proximal end of the filter device having one or more lumens in fluid communication with the interior of said one or more hollow tubes and a plasma return lumen, and therapeutic apheresis apparatus for removing and/or separating selected disease-related components from the separated plasma and means for directing plasma between said catheter and the selective component removal apparatus.
摘要:
A method for carrying out therapeutic apheresis comprises separating plasma from whole blood in-vivo and removing selected disease-related components from the separated plasma. Apparatus for carrying out therapeutic apheresis includes a filter device for being implanted in a blood vessel for carrying out in-vivo plasma separation having one or more elongated hollow tubes and a plurality of elongated hollow microporous fibers capable of separating plasma from whole blood at pressure and blood flow within a patient's vein, a multiple lumen catheter secured to the proximal end of the filter device having one or more lumens in fluid communication with the interior of said one or more hollow tubes and a plasma return lumen, and therapeutic apheresis apparatus for removing and/or separating selected disease-related components from the separated plasma and means for directing plasma between said catheter and the selective component removal apparatus.
摘要:
A batch of dialysate solution is made from a mixture of bicarbonate formulation and a liquid acid formulation. The liquid acid formulation is introduced into a dialysate tank and then removed from the tank and stored elsewhere, such as in an ultrafiltration tank, where it is diluted with a few litres of water. The dialysate tank is then filled with water and the bicarbonate formulation is added to the dialysate tank. The bicarbonate formulation is mixed and dissolved by circulation in a closed loop, with the liquid acid formulation kept separate. When the bicarbonate solution has been prepared, the liquid acid solution and the bicarbonate solution are mixed together and stored in the dialysate preparation tank. An additional quantity of dilution water is introduced into the dialysate system to bring the final conductivity down to the desired range. The excess dialysate solution can be used for several purposes, such as an endotoxin flush of the blood tubing set or a dialyzer clearance test.
摘要:
An apparatus is described for automatically opening and dispensing the contents of a vessel, for example, a vessel containing dialysate chemicals for dispersion into a dialysate preparation tank. The apparatus comprises a housing having an open interior region, with the vessel mounted above the housing, and a spike reciprocable within the interior of the housing between upper and lower positions. The spike pierces the vessel when the spike is moved to the upper position. The spike has an upper spike element that pierces the bottle and an integral spike body concentric with the housing permitting passage of dialysate chemicals therethrough after the spike has pierced the vessel. A drive means is proved for moving the spike relative to the housing between the upper and lower positions, so as to control the operation of the spike and the automatic release of the contents of the vessel.
摘要:
A method is described for automatically testing the integrity of a dialyzer filter within a dialysis machine. The method consists of substantially removing fluids which may be present from the blood side of the dialyzer filter, pumping air into the blood side of the dialyzer filter with a blood pump to pressurize the dialyzer filter, and measuring the pressurization of the dialyzer filter. If the dialyzer filter pressurizes, the rate of decay of pressurization is measured. The pressurization and rate of decay are indicative of the integrity of the membrane of the dialyzer filter.
摘要:
A fully automated method and apparatus for cleaning and disinfecting blood dialyzers for reuse. An identification is assigned to the particular dialyzer being cleaned and is stored in machine memory. The number of times the dialyzer identification has been stored is automatically counted and the result is indicated at the time of cleaning. A predetermined sequence of cleaning procedures is provided. The cleaning procedures are automatically machine sequenced. If the dialyzer identification has not been stored before cleaning, the automatic machine sequencing of cleaning steps is inhibited.
摘要:
A system for supplying a blood dialyser with dialysing fluid with connections enabling the system to be connected with the dialyser blood compartment, so that after a dialysing treatment, the supply system can be used to supply washing and sterilizing liquid both to the blood compartment and the dialysate compartment of the dialyser.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method and a machine for cleaning and qualifying a dialysis filter, which can be used to monitor changes in the filter over the course of the use life thereof while guaranteeing a high degree of safety in relation to possible contamination by blood residues. The inventive machine (10) comprises three treatment stations (11) which are independent from one another and which are used to regenerate simultaneously three dialysis filters (100). Each of the stations (11) rinses a dirty filter using a cleaning liquid and each station comprises a cleaning unit consisting of two distinct liquid transfer circuits. Two drains (17a, 17b), which are connected at each end of the blood compartment of the filter (100), are used to drain the contaminated liquid and the blood residues directly into drain containers (18a, 18b). The different cycles of the machine are controlled by way of a keyboard (19), which is associated with a display screen (20), and are managed automatically by a computer. Moreover, the machine also comprises devices for checking the performances of the treated filter, way of recording and saving filter data after each qualification and way (40) of identifying the filter.
摘要:
A method of testing the integrity of a membrane of at least one filter located along a dialysis solution circuit. The method includes the steps of wetting the test membrane with an aqueous solution, expelling the aqueous solution from the filter, filling a fill chamber of the filter with a given quantity of gas after closing the gas flow lines from the fill chamber, and detecting gas flow through the membrane, which bounds the fill chamber.