Abstract:
A fuel composition that provides a renewable biofuel energy source for reducing dependence on fossil fuels and improving air quality by reducing the amount of carbon monoxide released into the air during combustion. The fuel composition includes an energy crop comprising: a solid granular component being suspended in a liquid non-petroleum plant based fuel. The liquid fuel containing the granular component is efficacious in releasing copious quantities of vapor for burning. The vapor provides a more complete and efficient burn. The fuel composition further comprises an oxidizing agent for removing a plurality of electrons from the granular component during combustion, and/or an additive that imparts a change in the physical properties of the fuel composition.
Abstract:
A diesel fuel composition comprising a first additive (i) comprising a quaternary ammonium salt and a second additive (ii) comprising a Mannich reaction product; wherein the quaternary ammonium salt additive (i) is formed by the reaction of a compound of formula (A): R O O R1 10 (A) and a compound formed by the reaction of a hydrocarbyl-substituted acylating agent and an amine of formula (B1) or (B2): 15 N X R3 R2 NHR4 N X R3 R2 [O(CH2)m]nOH (B1) (B2) wherein R is an optionally substituted alkyl, alkenyl, aryl or alkylaryl group; R1 is a C1 to C22 alkyl, aryl or alkylaryl group; wherein R2 and R3 are the same or different alkyl, alkenyl or aryl groups having from 1 to 22 carbon atoms; X is a bond or alkylene group having from 1 to 20 20 carbon atoms; n is from 0 to 20; m is from 1 to 5; and R4 is hydrogen or a C1 to C22 alkyl group; and wherein the Mannich reaction product additive (ii) is the product of a Mannich reaction between: (d) an aldehyde; (e) an amine; and 25 (f) a substituted phenol; wherein the phenol is substituted with at least one branched hydrocarbyl group having a molecular weight of between 200 and 3000.
Abstract:
A diesel fuel composition comprising a first additive (i) comprising a quaternary ammonium salt and a second additive (ii) comprising a Mannich reaction product; wherein the quaternary ammonium salt additive (i) is formed by the reaction a quaternising agent which is not an ester and a compound formed by the reaction of a hydrocarbyl-substituted acylating agent and an amine of formula (B1) or (B2): wherein R2 and R3 are the same or different alkyl, alkenyl or aryl groups having from 1 to 22 carbon atoms; X is a bond or alkylene group having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms; n is from 0 to 20; m is from 1 to 5; and R4 is hydrogen or a C1 to C22 alkyl group; and wherein the Mannich reaction product additive (ii) is the product of a Mannich reaction between: (d) an aldehyde; (e) an amine; and (f) a substituted phenol; wherein the phenol is substituted with at least one branched hydrocarbyl group having a molecular weight of between 200 and 3000.
Abstract:
A diesel fuel additive for use in association with bio-diesel fuel and/or petroleum derived diesel fuel having one or more pour-point depressant(s), wherein the pour-point depressant(s) polyglycerol polyricinoleate. Augmentive agents may include at least one of ethylene vinyl acetate and polyethylene vinyl acetate and at least one polyglycerol ester of mixed fatty acids.
Abstract:
The invention provides fuel oils comprising a major proportion of a mixture of A) a middle distillate fuel oil and B) a biofuel oil, and also a minor proportion C) of an oil-soluble, crosslinked block copolymer composed of C2- to C4-alkylene oxides.
Abstract:
Use of a viscosity increasing component (ii) in provided in a composition (i) of a diesel fuel for the purpose of: improving the vehicle tractive effort (VTE) and/or acceleration performance of a compression ignition engine or a vehicle powered by such an engine, into which engine the composition (i) is introduced, ormitigating decrease in the vehicle tractive effort (VTE) and/or acceleration performance, in the case of a diesel fuel composition (i) to which an additional component (iii) is introduced for the purpose of improving the emissions performance, of a compression ignition engine or a vehicle powered by such an engine, into which engine the composition (i) is introduced.
Abstract:
The invention relates to organofunctionally modified polysiloxanes and to their use for defoaming liquid fuels, especially diesel fuels and diesel fuels to which biofuels have been added.
Abstract:
A diesel fuel additive for use in association with bio-diesel fuel and/or petroleum derived diesel fuel having one or more solvent(s) and one or more pour-point depressant(s), wherein the pour-point depressant(s) include a polyglycerol ester, such as polyglycerol polyricinoleate and/or polyglycerol esters of mixed fatty acids. Augmentive agents may include ethylene vinyl acetate and/or polyethylene vinyl acetate.
Abstract:
Use of a viscosity increasing component (ii) in provided in a composition (i) of a diesel fuel for the purpose of: improving the vehicle tractive effort (VTE) and/or acceleration performance of a compression ignition engine or a vehicle powered by such an engine, into which engine the composition (i) is introduced, or mitigating decrease in the vehicle tractive effort (VTE) and/or acceleration performance, in the case of a diesel fuel composition (i) to which an additional component (iii) is introduced for the purpose of improving the emissions performance, of a compression ignition engine or a vehicle powered by such an engine, into which engine the composition (i) is introduced.
Abstract:
The present invention is a demulsifying and corrosion-inhibiting compound formed from the salt of an amphiphilic amine and an amphiphilic acid. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the demulsifier may be a salt of an alkyl amine and an alkyl aryl sulfonic acid. Even more preferably, the demulsifier may be a salt of a methyl, di-cocoyl amine and an alkyl aryl sulfonic acid. According to another embodiment of the invention, an organic system may be demulsified by mixing the salt of an alkyl amine and an alkyl sulfonic acid with the system to be demulsified.