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    Waste Processing
    1.
    发明申请
    Waste Processing 有权
    废物处理

    公开(公告)号：US20150089947A1

    公开(公告)日：2015-04-02

    申请号：US14399682

    申请日：2013-04-30

    Applicant: Chinook End-Stage Recycling Limited

    Inventor： Rifat Al Chalabi ,  Ophneil Henry Perry ,  Ke Li

    IPC: F01K23/06 ,  F02C3/28 ,  F01K11/00

    CPC classification number: F01K23/067 ,  F01K11/00 ,  F02C3/28 ,  F23G5/027 ,  F23G5/04 ,  F23G7/10 ,  F23G2201/10 ,  F23G2201/40 ,  F23G2206/202 ,  F23G2206/203 ,  F23G2207/104 ,  F23G2207/108 ,  F23G2209/26 ,  F23G2900/50204 ,  Y02E20/12

    Abstract: The present invention provides a method and apparatus of processing material having an organic content. The method comprises heating a batch of the material (“E”) in a batch processing apparatus (16) having a reduced oxygen atmosphere to gasify at least some of the organic content to produce syngas, The temperature of the syngas is then elevated and maintained at the elevated temperature in a thermal treatment: apparatus (18) for a residence time sufficient to thermally break down any long chain hydrocarbons or volatile organic compounds therein. The calorific value of the syngas produced is monitored by sensors (26) and, when the calorific value of the syngas is below a predefined threshold, the syngas having a low calorific value is diverted to a burner of a boiler (22) to produce steam to drive a steam turbine (36) to produce electricity (“H”). When the calorific value: of the syngas exceeds the predefined threshold syngas having a high calorific value is diverted to a gas engine (40) to produce electricity (F”).

    Abstract translation: 本发明提供了具有有机成分的处理材料的方法和装置。 该方法包括在具有减少的氧气氛的间歇式处理装置（16）中加热一批材料（“E”），以使至少一些有机物质气化以产生合成气。然后使合成气的温度升高并保持 在热处理的高温下：装置（18），其停留时间足以热分解任何长链烃或其中的挥发性有机化合物。 产生的合成气的热值由传感器（26）监测，当合成气的热值低于预定阈值时，具有低发热量的合成气被转移到锅炉（22）的燃烧器以产生蒸汽 以驱动蒸汽轮机（36）产生电力（“H”）。 当合成气的热值超过预定阈值时，具有高热值的合成气被转移到燃气发动机（40）以产生电力（F“）。

    Biomass conversion by combustion
    2.
    发明授权
    Biomass conversion by combustion 有权
    生物质燃烧转化

    公开(公告)号：US07906695B2

    公开(公告)日：2011-03-15

    申请号：US11255171

    申请日：2005-10-21

    Applicant: Ronald Keith Giercke

    Inventor： Ronald Keith Giercke

    IPC: C10G1/00

    CPC classification number: F23G1/00 ,  F23G5/0273 ,  F23G5/16 ,  F23G2203/403 ,  F23G2205/18 ,  F23G2206/203 ,  F23G2207/101 ,  F23G2207/30 ,  F23G2209/20 ,  F23G2900/50201 ,  F23G2900/50204 ,  F23G2900/7003 ,  F23J1/06 ,  Y02E20/12

    Abstract: Break down of waste materials such as animal parts is carried out by pyrolysis, gasification and combustion using a reactor vessel with a conical lower portion located within an exterior vessel. Feed material is deposited in continuous mode through an air lock at the top and falls by gravity alone into the lower cone portion. The cone geometry supports organic feedstocks, eliminating the requirement for grates or other combustion support systems. Organic material that may escape gasification and exit the bottom of the cone accumulates within the ash and carbon particle volume until burned. Carbon is sequestered from high energy feedstocks and is stored in a chamber below the gasification cone. This carbon supplements the energy output of lower energy feedstocks to maintain desired operating temperatures at all times.

    Abstract translation: 诸如动​​物部件的废料的分解是通过使用位于外部容器内的锥形下部的反应器容器进行热解，气化和燃烧进行的。 进料通过顶部的气锁以连续模式沉积，并通过重力单独下降到下锥体部分中。 锥形几何支撑有机原料，消除了对格栅或其他燃烧支撑系统的要求。 可能逸出并离开锥体底部的有机材料积聚在灰分和碳粒子的体积内直到燃烧。 碳从高能量原料中隔离并储存在气化锥下方的室内。 该碳补充了能源原料的能量输出，以始终保持所需的工作温度。

    Apparatus for gasifying solid fuel
    3.
    发明申请
    Apparatus for gasifying solid fuel 审中-公开
    用于气化固体燃料的装置

    公开(公告)号：US20040060236A1

    公开(公告)日：2004-04-01

    申请号：US10250681

    申请日：2003-07-17

    Inventor： Kunio Yoshikawa ,  Narumi Suzuki

    IPC: C10J003/20

    CPC classification number: C01B3/382 ,  B01J6/008 ,  B01J8/0242 ,  B01J12/005 ,  C01B2203/0244 ,  C01B2203/0872 ,  C01B2203/1235 ,  C01B2203/84 ,  C10B49/02 ,  C10J3/06 ,  C10J3/16 ,  C10J3/466 ,  C10J3/66 ,  C10J2200/15 ,  C10J2300/0916 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0946 ,  C10J2300/0956 ,  C10J2300/0973 ,  C10J2300/0993 ,  C10J2300/1215 ,  C10J2300/1606 ,  C10J2300/1671 ,  F23G5/027 ,  F23G5/0276 ,  F23G2201/301 ,  F23G2201/40 ,  F23G2900/50204 ,  Y02E50/10 ,  Y02E50/30

    Abstract: The present invention provides a relatively small scale apparatus for gasifying solid fuel in which pyrolysis gas produced in a pyrolyzer by thermal-decomposition reaction of the solid fuel can be reformed to crude fuel gas. The apparatus comprises a solid fuel pyrolyzer 1 and a steam reformer 5, and thermally decomposes the solid fuel with a combustion reaction of a low oxygen density to produce the pyrolysis gas, and reforms the pyrolysis gas to produce the crude fuel gas. The pyrolyzer has an air inlet 18 positioned at a bottom part thereof and upwardly blowing combustion air into the pyrolyzer; a bed of pyrolyzer 30 located above the air inlet; and a pyrolysis gas exit positioned at an upper part of a body of the pyrolyzer and conducting the pyrolysis gas out of the pyrolyzer. The bed is made by a layered stack of many spherical heat-resistant materials 32 which form a number of narrow gaps for draft of the combustion air over the whole bed. The steam reformer has a reforming area 51 which produces the crude fuel gas by a steam reforming reaction of the pyrolysis gas, a pyrolysis gas inlet 55 which is in communication with the pyrolysis gas exit and which introduces the pyrolysis gas into the reforming area, a mixed gas inlet 54 introducing mixed gas of steam and air into the reforming area, a reformed gas effluent passage 70 for conducting reformed gas of the reforming area out of the reformer, and a permeable heat-barrier 60 positioned between the reforming area and the reformed gas effluent passage. The barrier is made by a layered stack of many spherical heat-resistant materials 62 which form a number of narrow gaps for draft of the pyrolysis gas and the mixed gas.

    Abstract translation: 本发明提供了一种用于气化固体燃料的相对较小规模的装置，其中通过固体燃料的热分解反应在热解器中产生的热解气可以重整成原油燃料气体。 该装置包括固体燃料热解器1和蒸汽重整器5，并且利用低氧密度的燃烧反应热分解固体燃料以产生裂解气，并且改造热解气体以产生原燃料气体。 热解器具有位于其底部的空气入口18，并将燃烧空气向上吹入热解器; 位于进气口上方的热解器30的床; 以及热解气体出口，其位于热解器的主体的上部并将热解气体导出热解器。 床由多层球形耐热材料32制成，它们在整个床上形成多个用于吸入空气的窄缝隙。 蒸汽重整器具有通过热解气体的蒸汽重整反应产生原燃料气体的重整区域51，与裂解气体出口连通并将热解气体引入重整区域的热解气体入口55， 混合气体入口54将蒸汽和空气的混合气体引入重整区域，将重整区域的重整气体导出重整器的重整气体流出通道70以及位于重整区域和重整区之间的可渗透隔热层60 气体排放通道。 阻挡层由许多球形耐热材料62的层叠叠层制成，其形成用于热解气体和混合气体的通风的多个窄间隙。

    Apparatus and method for transferring batched materials
    4.
    发明授权
    Apparatus and method for transferring batched materials 失效
    用于转运批料的装置和方法

    公开(公告)号：US5338144A

    公开(公告)日：1994-08-16

    申请号：US26719

    申请日：1993-03-05

    Applicant: Roger D. Eshleman

    Inventor： Roger D. Eshleman

    IPC: F23G5/44 ,  B65G25/08

    CPC classification number: F23G5/444 ,  F23G2204/20 ,  F23G2209/20 ,  F23G2900/50204

    Abstract: A batched materials transferring apparatus includes an elongated drum, a bucket disposed in the drum, and a drive arrangement operable to move the bucket relative to the drum. The drum defines an interior chamber having a longitudinal axis. The drum has a top (or side) opening formed in a first end portion thereof and a bottom opening formed in a second end portion thereof with the top (or side) opening being axially displaced from the bottom opening. The bucket has a side opening formed therein and is slidably movable relative to the drum along the longitudinal axis between the first and second end portions. The drive arrangement is mounted adjacent to the drum and connected to the bucket through one end of the drum. The drive arrangement is operable to move the bucket along an axial path relative to the longitudinal axis of the chamber between the first and second end portions of the drum to respective loading and dumping positions in the interior chamber in which the bucket is respectively aligned with the top (or side) and bottom openings of the drum. The drive arrangement also is operable to move the bucket along a circumferential path relative to the longitudinal axis of the chamber between receiving and discharging orientations such that at the loading position and receiving orientation the bucket communicates through its side opening with the inlet opening of the drum for receiving a batch of materials into the bucket, whereas at the dumping position and discharging orientation the bucket communicates through its side opening with the outlet opening of the drum for discharging the batch of materials from the bucket.

    Abstract translation: 分批材料传送装置包括细长的滚筒，设置在滚筒中的铲斗和可操作以相对于滚筒移动铲斗的驱动装置。 滚筒限定具有纵向轴线的内部腔室。 该鼓具有形成在其第一端部中的顶部（或侧面）开口和形成在其第二端部中的底部开口，顶部（或侧部）开口从底部开口轴向移位。 铲斗具有形成在其中的侧开口，并且可沿第一和第二端部之间的纵向轴线相对于滚筒滑动地移动。 驱动装置安装在滚筒附近，并通过滚筒的一端与铲斗相连。 驱动装置可操作以沿着相对于鼓的第一和第二端部之间的室的纵向轴线的轴向路径移动铲斗到桶内的各个装载和倾倒位置， 滚筒的顶部（或侧面）和底部开口。 驱动装置还可操作以沿着接收和排出方向之间相对于室的纵向轴线的圆周路径移动铲斗，使得在装载位置和接收方向上，铲斗通过其侧开口与鼓的入口开口连通 用于将一批物料接收到铲斗中，而在倾卸位置和排出方向上，铲斗通过其侧开口与滚筒的出口开口连通，以将一批物料从铲斗中排出。

    System and Method for Cleaning Coal and Biomass in Efficient Integration with Fuel Delivery to a Boiler
    5.
    发明申请
    System and Method for Cleaning Coal and Biomass in Efficient Integration with Fuel Delivery to a Boiler 审中-公开
    用于清洁煤和生物质的系统和方法与燃料输送到锅炉的高效整合

    公开(公告)号：US20130087085A1

    公开(公告)日：2013-04-11

    申请号：US13372308

    申请日：2012-02-13

    Applicant: Peter Rugg

    Inventor： Peter Rugg

    IPC: F23G5/027 ,  F23G5/08 ,  F23G5/44 ,  F23G5/033

    CPC classification number: C10L5/04 ,  C10L5/366 ,  C10L5/44 ,  C10L9/083 ,  F23C2900/01001 ,  F23G5/0276 ,  F23G5/033 ,  F23G5/04 ,  F23G5/46 ,  F23G7/10 ,  F23G2201/303 ,  F23G2201/60 ,  F23G2201/702 ,  F23G2203/20 ,  F23G2900/50204 ,  F23K1/00 ,  F23K2201/30 ,  Y02E50/10 ,  Y02E50/15 ,  Y02E50/30

    Abstract: A system and method for drying, cleaning and upgrading coal and biomass solid fuel while integrating the steps with the normal on site steps in coal preparation for a utility boiler, such that boiler efficiency is improved and emissions are reduced. The present invention carefully sequences steps to employ latent heat from one step to the next and more efficiently bring the fuel up to or near ignition temperature. The present invention incorporates several previously related inventions to improve the heat content and cleanliness of the fuel, thus reducing fuel flow rate, ash, CO2, CO, NOx, sulfur, mercury, chlorine, particulate and other emissions, for the same or higher energy output.

    Abstract translation: 一种将煤和生物质固体燃料干燥，清洁和升级的系统和方法，同时将步骤与公用事业锅炉的煤制备中的正常现场步骤相结合，从而提高锅炉效率并减少排放。 本发明仔细地列出了使用一步到下一步的潜热的步骤，并且更有效地使燃料达到或接近着火温度。 本发明包含几个以前相关的发明，以改善燃料的热含量和清洁度，从而降低相同或更高能量的燃料流量，灰分，二氧化碳，CO，NOx，硫，汞，氯，颗粒和其他排放物 输出。

    GASSIFICATION SYSTEM
    7.
    发明申请
    GASSIFICATION SYSTEM 审中-公开
    认证系统

    公开(公告)号：US20120298020A1

    公开(公告)日：2012-11-29

    申请号：US13513556

    申请日：2010-11-26

    Applicant: Rifat Al Chalabi ,  Ophneil Henry Perry ,  John Henry Turner

    Inventor： Rifat Al Chalabi ,  Ophneil Henry Perry ,  John Henry Turner

    IPC: F23G5/027 ,  F23G5/46 ,  F23G5/08 ,  F23G7/00

    CPC classification number: F23G5/0273 ,  F23G5/16 ,  F23G7/00 ,  F23G2201/303 ,  F23G2202/103 ,  F23G2209/00 ,  F23G2900/50204 ,  F24S23/71 ,  Y02E10/42 ,  Y02P20/134 ,  Y02P80/24

    Abstract: The invention provides an apparatus for processing material such as organically coated waste and organic materials including biomass, industrial waste, municipal solid waste and sludge, comprising a processing chamber (2) for processing said material at an elevated temperature to produce syngas and a combustion chamber (4) having at least one burner therein for combusting syngas released by processing of said material. A conduit means (18) is provided between said combustion chamber and said processing chamber for carrying hot exhaust gasses from the combustion chamber (4) to said processing chamber (2) and at last one mirror (24) is arranged to reflect and concentrate sunlight thereby to cause the temperature within said processing chamber (2) to be raised. The apparatus also includes a syngas reservoir (66). A storage conduit (62) is provided for carrying syngas into said syngas reservoir (66) and a syngas feed line (68) is provided for feeding syngas from said reservoir to said combustion chamber (4).

    Abstract translation: 本发明提供了一种用于处理诸如有机涂覆的废物和包括生物质，工业废物，城市固体废物和污泥的有机材料的材料的设备，包括用于在高温下处理所述材料以产生合成气的处理室（2）和燃烧室 （4）在其中具有至少一个燃烧器，用于燃烧通过所述材料的加工而释放的合成气。 在所述燃烧室和所述处理室之间设置有导管装置（18），用于将热排气从燃烧室（4）运送到所述处理室（2），并且最后一个反射镜（24）布置成反射和集中阳光 从而使所述处理室（2）内的温度升高。 该装置还包括合成气储存器（66）。 提供存储导管（62），用于将合成气输送到所述合成气储存器（66）中，并且提供合成气供给管线（68），用于将合成气从所述储存器供给到所述燃烧室（4）。

    Wood-Pellet Cogeneration Unit With Stirling Engine in Condensing Technology
    9.
    发明申请
    Wood-Pellet Cogeneration Unit With Stirling Engine in Condensing Technology 有权
    采用斯特林发动机冷凝技术的木浆热电联产机组

    公开(公告)号：US20090078176A1

    公开(公告)日：2009-03-26

    申请号：US12087748

    申请日：2007-01-04

    Applicant: Eckhart Weber

    Inventor： Eckhart Weber

    IPC: F23J1/00 ,  F24B13/00 ,  F23K1/00 ,  F23G5/027 ,  F23L15/04 ,  F23G5/46 ,  F23B50/06 ,  F23N1/02

    CPC classification number: F23B1/38 ,  F23B7/005 ,  F23B50/06 ,  F23B50/12 ,  F23G5/0273 ,  F23G5/46 ,  F23G7/105 ,  F23G2201/40 ,  F23G2206/10 ,  F23G2209/261 ,  F23G2900/00001 ,  F23G2900/50204 ,  F23L15/00 ,  Y02E20/12 ,  Y02E20/14 ,  Y02E20/342 ,  Y02E20/348

    Abstract: In a wood-pellet cogeneration unit comprising a pellet feed, a combustion chamber, an ash removal device and a stirling engine, in order to achieve an optimum efficiency, provision is made for an exhaust gas recuperator (11) to preheat combustion air (10) and for wood pellets to be gasified with a portion of this hot air (13), for this portion (13) of the hot combustion air (10) to be directed above a grate (4) into a gasification combustion chamber (3a) and for the fuel gas (18) thus produced to be sucked downwards through the grate (4) together with the ash by a side channel blower (7), for the fuel gas (18) under the grate (4) to be displaced with a flow impulse of the rest (14) of the hot combustion air (10) in such a way that, firstly, a low lambda value close to the CO limit is maintained and, depending on the temperature of the combustion chamber (3b), the combustion at a central nozzle (19) is stabilized, or, with increasing temperature of the combustion chamber (3b), the state of flameless combustion increasingly appears, wherein a potential vortex (20) is produced in the combustion chamber (3b), said potential vortex (20) intensively mixing exhaust gas (6), fuel gas (18) and hot combustion air (14), such that fuel gas (18) and ash particles burn completely.

    Abstract translation: 在包括颗粒进料，燃烧室，除灰装置和斯特林发动机的木颗粒热电联产装置中，为了实现最佳效率，为排气净化器（11）提供预热燃烧空气（10 ），并且为了将木质颗粒与该热空气（13）的一部分气化，对于热燃烧空气（10）的该部分（13）被引导到炉排（4）上方进入气化燃烧室（3a） 并且对于这样产生的燃料气体（18）通过侧通道鼓风机（7）与灰烬一起通过炉排（4）向下吸入，用于炉篦（4）下方的燃料气体（18）被移动， 热燃烧空气（10）的其余部分（14）的流动脉冲以这样的方式，首先保持接近CO极限的低λ值，并且根据燃烧室（3b）的温度， 在中心喷嘴（19）处的燃烧是稳定的，或者随着燃烧室（3b）的温度升高，该状态 越来越多地出现无焰燃烧，其中在燃烧室（3b）中产生潜在涡流（20），所述潜在涡流（20）将废气（6），燃料气体（18）和热燃烧空气（14） 使得燃料气体（18）和灰分颗粒完全燃烧。

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