公开(公告)号：US08448898B1

公开(公告)日：2013-05-28

申请号：US13460146

申请日：2012-04-30

Applicant: Sergey V. Frolov ,  Michael Cyrus ,  Allan J. Bruce

Inventor： Sergey V. Frolov ,  Michael Cyrus ,  Allan J. Bruce

IPC: B64D27/00

CPC classification number: B64C39/024 ,  B64C2201/02 ,  B64C2201/042 ,  B64C2201/06 ,  B64C2201/165 ,  B64D27/24 ,  B64D2211/00 ,  H01L31/048 ,  H02S20/00 ,  Y02E10/50 ,  Y02T50/64

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for unmanned long endurance flights are provided herein. In some embodiments, a lightweight solar wing for unmanned aircraft may include at least one airfoil profile, a top surface, a bottom surface, a leading edge, a trailing edge, wing tips, and at least one photovoltaic cell, wherein the surfaces and edges follow an arched bow shape across a span of the wing. In some embodiments, an unmanned solar-powered aircraft may include at least one lightweight solar wing as described above, at least one fuselage, and at least one propeller, wherein the fuselage is placed below the solar wing and contains an electric motor, battery, and electronics.

Abstract translation: 本文提供无人长途飞行的方法和装置。 在一些实施例中，用于无人驾驶飞行器的轻型太阳能翼可以包括至少一个翼型轮廓，顶表面，底表面，前缘，后缘，翼尖和至少一个光伏电池，其中表面和边缘 沿着翼的跨度拱形弓形。 在一些实施例中，无人太阳能飞行器可以包括至少一个如上所述的轻量级太阳能翼，至少一个机身和至少一个螺旋桨，其中机身放置在太阳能翼下方并且包含电动机，电池， 和电子产品。

公开(公告)号：US20120133207A1

公开(公告)日：2012-05-31

申请号：US13351075

申请日：2012-01-16

Applicant: SERGEY FROLOV ,  MICHAEL CYRUS

Inventor： SERGEY FROLOV ,  MICHAEL CYRUS

IPC: H02J9/00

CPC classification number: H02J3/00 ,  H02J3/382 ,  H02J3/383 ,  H02J3/386 ,  Y02E10/563 ,  Y02E10/763 ,  Y10T307/615 ,  Y10T307/642 ,  Y10T307/658 ,  Y10T307/718

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided for using a renewable source of energy such as solar, wind, or geothermal energy. In some embodiments, the method may include generating electric energy from a renewable form of energy at a plurality of locations at which reside an electric power line associated with an electric power grid. The electric energy generated at each location may be transferred to the electric power line to thereby supply electric energy to the electric power grid.

Abstract translation: 提供了使用可再生能源（如太阳能，风能或地热能）的方法和装置。 在一些实施例中，该方法可以包括在驻留在与电网相关联的电力线的多个位置处从可再生形式的能量产生电能。 在每个位置处产生的电能可以传送到电力线，从而向电力网提供电能。

公开(公告)号：US20110067997A1

公开(公告)日：2011-03-24

申请号：US12884586

申请日：2010-09-17

Applicant: Vinh Q. Nguyen ,  Jesse A. Frantz ,  Jasbinder S. Sanghera ,  Ishwar D. Aggarwal ,  Allan J. Bruce ,  Michael Cyrus ,  Sergey V. Frolov

Inventor： Vinh Q. Nguyen ,  Jesse A. Frantz ,  Jasbinder S. Sanghera ,  Ishwar D. Aggarwal ,  Allan J. Bruce ,  Michael Cyrus ,  Sergey V. Frolov

IPC: C23C14/34 ,  C23C14/06 ,  C22C1/00

CPC classification number: H01J37/3429 ,  C23C14/0623 ,  C23C14/087 ,  C23C14/3414 ,  C23C14/3464 ,  H01J37/3414 ,  H01L21/02568 ,  H01L21/02631 ,  H01L31/0368 ,  H01L31/03923 ,  H01L31/18 ,  Y02E10/541

Abstract: A method for forming a high purity, copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) bulk material is disclosed. The method includes sealing precursor materials for forming the bulk material in a reaction vessel. The precursor materials include copper, at least one chalcogen selected from selenium, sulfur, and tellurium, and at least one element from group IIIA of the periodic table, which may be selected from gallium, indium, and aluminum. The sealed reaction vessel is heated to a temperature at which the precursor materials react to form the bulk material. The bulk material is cooled in the vessel to a temperature below the solidification temperature of the bulk material and opened to release the formed bulk material. A sputtering target formed by the method can have an oxygen content of 10 ppm by weight, or less.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种形成高纯度铜铟镓硒（CIGS）散装材料的方法。 该方法包括密封用于在反应容器中形成散装材料的前体材料。 前体材料包括铜，至少一种选自硒，硫和碲的硫族元素，以及可选自镓，铟和铝的元素周期表IIIA族中的至少一种元素。 将密封的反应容器加热到前体材料反应以形成散装材料的温度。 将容器材料在容器中冷却至低于散装材料的凝固温度的温度，并打开以释放形成的散装材料。 通过该方法形成的溅射靶可以具有10重量ppm以下的氧含量。

公开(公告)号：US20110067757A1

公开(公告)日：2011-03-24

申请号：US12884524

申请日：2010-09-17

Applicant: Jesse A. Frantz ,  Jasbinder S. Sanghera ,  Robel Y. Bekele ,  Vinh Q. Nguyen ,  Ishwar D. Aggarwal ,  Allan J. Bruce ,  Michael Cyrus ,  Sergey V. Frolov

Inventor： Jesse A. Frantz ,  Jasbinder S. Sanghera ,  Robel Y. Bekele ,  Vinh Q. Nguyen ,  Ishwar D. Aggarwal ,  Allan J. Bruce ,  Michael Cyrus ,  Sergey V. Frolov

IPC: H01L31/0272 ,  H01L31/18 ,  H01L31/0368 ,  C23C14/34

CPC classification number: H01J37/3429 ,  C23C14/0623 ,  C23C14/087 ,  C23C14/3414 ,  C23C14/3464 ,  H01J37/3414 ,  H01L21/02568 ,  H01L21/02631 ,  H01L31/0368 ,  H01L31/03923 ,  H01L31/18 ,  Y02E10/541

Abstract: A method and apparatus for forming a thin film of a copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS)-type material are disclosed. The method includes providing first and second targets in a common sputtering chamber. The first target includes a source of CIGS material, such as an approximately stoichiometric polycrystalline CIGS material, and the second target includes a chalcogen, such as selenium, sulfur, tellurium, or a combination of these elements. The second target provides an excess of chalcogen in the chamber. This can compensate, at least in part, for the loss of chalcogen from the CIGS-source in the first target, resulting in a thin film with a controlled stoichiometry which provides effective light absorption when used in a solar cell.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种形成铜铟镓硒（CIGS）型材料的薄膜的方法和装置。 该方法包括在公共溅射室中提供第一和第二靶。 第一个目标包括CIGS材料源，例如近似化学计量的多晶CIGS材料，第二个靶材包括硫属元素，如硒，硫，碲或这些元素的组合。 第二个目标是在室内提供过量的硫属元素。 这可以至少部分地补偿来自第一靶中的CIGS源的硫属元素的损失，导致具有受控化学计量的薄膜，当用于太阳能电池时可提供有效的光吸收。

公开(公告)号：US07910396B2

公开(公告)日：2011-03-22

申请号：US12603285

申请日：2009-10-21

Applicant: Sergey Frolov ,  Allan James Bruce ,  Michael Cyrus

Inventor： Sergey Frolov ,  Allan James Bruce ,  Michael Cyrus

IPC: H01L21/00

CPC classification number: H01L31/0322 ,  C23C14/0623 ,  C23C14/3414 ,  H01L31/0296 ,  H01L31/1828 ,  Y02E10/541

Abstract: A method for producing a film of compound semiconductor includes providing a substrate and a compound bulk material having a first chemical composition that includes at least one first chemical element and a second chemical element. A film is deposited on the substrate using the compound bulk material as a single source of material. The deposited film has a composition substantially the same as the first chemical composition. A residual chemical reaction is induced in the deposited film using a source containing the second chemical element to thereby increase the content of the second chemical element in the deposited film so that the deposited film has a second chemical composition. The film may be employed in a photovoltaic device.

Abstract translation: 一种化合物半导体膜的制造方法，其特征在于，提供具有第一化学成分的基板和化合物本体材料，所述第一化学组成包含至少一个第一化学元素和第二化学元素。 使用复合散装材料作为单一材料来源，将膜沉积在基板上。 沉积膜具有与第一化学组成基本相同的组成。 使用含有第二化学元素的源在沉积膜中引起残留的化学反应，从而增加沉积膜中的第二化学元素的含量，使得沉积膜具有第二化学组成。 该膜可以用在光伏器件中。

公开(公告)号：US20110036405A1

公开(公告)日：2011-02-17

申请号：US12896120

申请日：2010-10-01

Applicant: Allan James BRUCE ,  Sergey FROLOV ,  Michael CYRUS

Inventor： Allan James BRUCE ,  Sergey FROLOV ,  Michael CYRUS

IPC: H01L31/042

CPC classification number: H01L31/0322 ,  H01L21/02551 ,  H01L21/02568 ,  H01L21/02573 ,  H01L21/02631 ,  H01L31/0392 ,  H01L31/03923 ,  H01L31/03925 ,  H01L31/1828 ,  H01L31/1832 ,  Y02E10/541 ,  Y02E10/543 ,  Y02P70/521

Abstract: A method is provided for fabricating a thin film semiconductor device. The method includes providing a plurality of raw semiconductor materials. The raw semiconductor materials undergo a pre-reacting process to form a homogeneous compound semiconductor target material. The compound semiconductor target material is deposited onto a substrate to form a thin film having a composition substantially the same as a composition of the compound semiconductor target material.

Abstract translation: 提供了制造薄膜半导体器件的方法。 该方法包括提供多个原始半导体材料。 原料半导体材料经历预反应过程以形成均匀的化合物半导体靶材料。 将化合物半导体靶材料沉积在基板上以形成具有与化合物半导体靶材料的组成基本相同的组成的薄膜。

公开(公告)号：US20100218897A1

公开(公告)日：2010-09-02

申请号：US12777392

申请日：2010-05-11

Applicant: Sergey Frolov ,  Michael Cyrus

Inventor： Sergey Frolov ,  Michael Cyrus

IPC: B32B37/02 ,  B32B37/10 ,  B32B37/12 ,  B32B37/14

CPC classification number: H01L31/0725 ,  H01L31/035281 ,  H01L31/0392 ,  H01L31/03925 ,  H01L31/03926 ,  H01L31/03928 ,  H01L31/048 ,  Y02E10/541 ,  Y02P70/521 ,  Y10T29/5111 ,  Y10T156/10 ,  Y10T156/17

Abstract: A method is provided for producing a hybrid multi junction photovoltaic device. The method begins by providing a plurality of planar photovoltaic semi-transparent modules. Each of the modules is a fully functional, thin-film, photovoltaic device and includes first and second conductive layers and at least first and second semiconductor layers disposed between the conductive layers. The first and second semiconductor layers define a junction at an interface therebetween. The method continues by disposing the modules one on top of another and hybridly adhering them to each other. At least one of the modules is configured to convert a first spectral portion of optical energy into an electrical voltage and transmit a second spectral portion of optical energy to another of the junctions that is configured to convert at least part of the second spectral portion of optical energy into an electrical voltage.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种用于制造混合多结光伏器件的方法。 该方法开始于提供多个平面光伏半透明模块。 每个模块是完全功能的薄膜光伏器件，并且包括第一和第二导电层以及设置在导电层之间的至少第一和第二半导体层。 第一和第二半导体层在它们之间的界面处限定结。 该方法通过将模块一个放置在另一个之上并将它们彼此粘合地继续。 至少一个模块被配置为将光能的第一光谱部分转换成电压并且将光能的第二光谱部分传输到另一个结，其被配置为转换光学的第二光谱部分的至少一部分 能量转化为电压。

公开(公告)号：US20090211622A1

公开(公告)日：2009-08-27

申请号：US12034883

申请日：2008-02-21

Applicant: Sergey Frolov ,  Michael Cyrus

Inventor： Sergey Frolov ,  Michael Cyrus

IPC: H01L31/042

CPC classification number: H05B33/08 ,  G01N21/255 ,  G01N21/27 ,  H01L31/043 ,  H01L2924/0002 ,  Y02E10/50 ,  H01L2924/00

Abstract: A laminate film includes a plurality of planar photovoltaic semi-transparent modules disposed one on top of another and laminated to each other. Each of the modules includes a substrate, first and second conductive layers and at least first and second semiconductor layers disposed between the conductive layers. The first and second semiconductor layers define a junction at an interface therebetween. At least one of the junctions is configured to convert a first spectral portion of optical energy into an electrical voltage and transmit a second spectral portion of optical energy to another of the junctions that is configured to convert at least a portion of the second spectral portion of optical energy into an electrical voltage.

Abstract translation: 层叠膜包括多个平面光伏半透明模块，其一个放置在另一个的顶部并层叠。 每个模块包括衬底，第一和第二导电层以及设置在导电层之间的至少第一和第二半导体层。 第一和第二半导体层在它们之间的界面处限定结。 所述结中的至少一个被配置为将光能的第一光谱部分转换成电压并将光能的第二光谱部分传输到另一个结，所述另一个结被配置为将第二光谱部分的至少一部分转换成 光能转化为电压。

公开(公告)号：US20150075620A1

公开(公告)日：2015-03-19

申请号：US14549778

申请日：2014-11-21

Applicant: Jesse A. Frantz ,  Jasbinder S. Sanghera ,  Robel Y. Bekele ,  Vinh Q. Nguyen ,  Ishwar D. Aggarwal ,  Allan J. Bruce ,  Michael Cyrus ,  Sergey V. Frolov

Inventor： Jesse A. Frantz ,  Jasbinder S. Sanghera ,  Robel Y. Bekele ,  Vinh Q. Nguyen ,  Ishwar D. Aggarwal ,  Allan J. Bruce ,  Michael Cyrus ,  Sergey V. Frolov

IPC: H01L31/18 ,  H01L31/0392

CPC classification number: H01J37/3429 ,  C23C14/0623 ,  C23C14/087 ,  C23C14/3414 ,  C23C14/3464 ,  H01J37/3414 ,  H01L21/02568 ,  H01L21/02631 ,  H01L31/0368 ,  H01L31/03923 ,  H01L31/18 ,  Y02E10/541

Abstract: A method and apparatus for forming a thin film of a copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS)-type material are disclosed. The method includes providing first and second targets in a common sputtering chamber. The first target includes a source of CIGS material, such as an approximately stoichiometric polycrystalline CIGS material, and the second target includes a chalcogen, such as selenium, sulfur, tellurium, or a combination of these elements. The second target provides an excess of chalcogen in the chamber. This can compensate, at least in part, for the loss of chalcogen from the CIGS-source in the first target, resulting in a thin film with a controlled stoichiometry which provides effective light absorption when used in a solar cell.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种形成铜铟镓硒（CIGS）型材料的薄膜的方法和装置。 该方法包括在公共溅射室中提供第一和第二靶。 第一个目标包括CIGS材料源，例如近似化学计量的多晶CIGS材料，第二个靶材包括硫属元素，如硒，硫，碲或这些元素的组合。 第二个目标是在室内提供过量的硫属元素。 这可以至少部分地补偿来自第一靶中的CIGS源的硫属元素的损失，导致具有受控化学计量的薄膜，当用于太阳能电池时可提供有效的光吸收。

公开(公告)号：US08894826B2

公开(公告)日：2014-11-25

申请号：US12884524

申请日：2010-09-17

Applicant: Jesse A. Frantz ,  Jasbinder S. Sanghera ,  Robel Y. Bekele ,  Vinh Q Nguyen ,  Ishwar D. Aggarwal ,  Allan J. Bruce ,  Michael Cyrus ,  Sergey V. Frolov

Inventor： Jesse A. Frantz ,  Jasbinder S. Sanghera ,  Robel Y. Bekele ,  Vinh Q Nguyen ,  Ishwar D. Aggarwal ,  Allan J. Bruce ,  Michael Cyrus ,  Sergey V. Frolov

IPC: C23C14/00 ,  C23C14/32 ,  C25B9/00 ,  C25B11/00 ,  C25B13/00 ,  B05D5/06 ,  B05D5/12 ,  H01L21/00 ,  C23C14/06 ,  H01L31/18 ,  H01L31/0368 ,  H01L31/0392 ,  H01L21/02 ,  C23C14/34

CPC classification number: H01J37/3429 ,  C23C14/0623 ,  C23C14/087 ,  C23C14/3414 ,  C23C14/3464 ,  H01J37/3414 ,  H01L21/02568 ,  H01L21/02631 ,  H01L31/0368 ,  H01L31/03923 ,  H01L31/18 ,  Y02E10/541

Abstract: A method and apparatus for forming a thin film of a copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS)-type material are disclosed. The method includes providing first and second targets in a common sputtering chamber. The first target includes a source of CIGS material, such as an approximately stoichiometric polycrystalline CIGS material, and the second target includes a chalcogen, such as selenium, sulfur, tellurium, or a combination of these elements. The second target provides an excess of chalcogen in the chamber. This can compensate, at least in part, for the loss of chalcogen from the CIGS-source in the first target, resulting in a thin film with a controlled stoichiometry which provides effective light absorption when used in a solar cell.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种形成铜铟镓硒（CIGS）型材料的薄膜的方法和装置。 该方法包括在公共溅射室中提供第一和第二靶。 第一个目标包括CIGS材料源，例如近似化学计量的多晶CIGS材料，第二个靶材包括硫属元素，如硒，硫，碲或这些元素的组合。 第二个目标是在室内提供过量的硫属元素。 这可以至少部分地补偿来自第一靶中的CIGS源的硫属元素的损失，导致具有受控化学计量的薄膜，当用于太阳能电池时可提供有效的光吸收。