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公开(公告)号:US12271764B2
公开(公告)日:2025-04-08
申请号:US17876450
申请日:2022-07-28
Applicant: HEWLETT PACKARD ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT LP
Inventor: Dejan S. Milojicic , Duncan Roweth , Derek Schumacher
Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for a modular switch system that comprises disaggregated components, plugins, and managers that enable flexibility to adjust the dynamic configuration of a switch system. This can create modularity and customizability at different times of the lifecycle of the currently configured switch system.
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公开(公告)号:US20250112876A1
公开(公告)日:2025-04-03
申请号:US18480217
申请日:2023-10-03
Applicant: Hewlett Packard Enterprise Development LP
Inventor: Duncan Roweth , Timothy J. Johnson , Abdulla M. Bataineh , Jonathan Paul Beecroft
IPC: H04L49/90 , H04L49/00 , H04L49/101
Abstract: A network switch has a packet pulling architecture, and also supports packet pushing. In an example implementation, a device includes: an output buffer; a data crossbar connected to the output buffer; an input buffer connected to the data crossbar; an input queue; a request crossbar connected to the input queue; and an output queue. The input queue is configured to transfer a packet from the input buffer to the output buffer over the data crossbar in response to the packet being eligible for packet pushing, and to send a push request in parallel with transferring the packet to the output buffer. The output queue is configured to receive the push request from the input queue over the request crossbar, and to control reading of the packet from the output buffer in response to granting the push request
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公开(公告)号:US20240250815A1
公开(公告)日:2024-07-25
申请号:US18515782
申请日:2023-11-21
Applicant: HEWLETT PACKARD ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT LP
Inventor: KEITH D. UNDERWOOD , Duncan Roweth , Michael R. Strom , Eric Edward Eilertson
CPC classification number: H04L9/0894 , H04L9/0825 , H04L9/3263
Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for implementing encryption of data-in-motion and/or otherwise stored data using a key server and a secure enclave of a Network Interface Card (NIC). The NIC acts as a passthrough between the client device and the shared infrastructure of the supercomputer system to help ensure data security in a massively scaled and distributed system. For example, in response to an enrollment process that stores a decrypted key in the secure enclave of a NIC, the NIC can receive a data packet from a client device. The NIC can transmit a key request to a key server that includes an encrypted key corresponding to the decrypted key. The key server can look up the previously stored private/public key pair to authenticate the NIC. The key server can provide private/public key pair to the NIC to allow the NIC to later encrypt data-in-motion.
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4.
公开(公告)号:US20240121180A1
公开(公告)日:2024-04-11
申请号:US18544791
申请日:2023-12-19
Applicant: Hewlett Packard Enterprise Development LP
Inventor: Duncan Roweth , Andrew S. Kopser , Igor Gorodetsky , Laurence Scott Kaplan , Krishna Chaitanya Kandalla
IPC: H04L45/28 , G06F9/50 , G06F9/54 , G06F12/0862 , G06F12/1036 , G06F12/1045 , G06F13/14 , G06F13/16 , G06F13/38 , G06F13/40 , G06F13/42 , G06F15/173 , H04L1/00 , H04L43/0876 , H04L43/10 , H04L45/00 , H04L45/02 , H04L45/021 , H04L45/028 , H04L45/12 , H04L45/122 , H04L45/125 , H04L45/16 , H04L45/24 , H04L45/42 , H04L45/745 , H04L45/7453 , H04L47/10 , H04L47/11 , H04L47/12 , H04L47/122 , H04L47/20 , H04L47/22 , H04L47/24 , H04L47/2441 , H04L47/2466 , H04L47/2483 , H04L47/30 , H04L47/32 , H04L47/34 , H04L47/52 , H04L47/62 , H04L47/625 , H04L47/6275 , H04L47/629 , H04L47/76 , H04L47/762 , H04L47/78 , H04L47/80 , H04L49/00 , H04L49/101 , H04L49/15 , H04L49/90 , H04L49/9005 , H04L49/9047 , H04L67/1097 , H04L69/22 , H04L69/40
CPC classification number: H04L45/28 , G06F9/505 , G06F9/546 , G06F12/0862 , G06F12/1036 , G06F12/1063 , G06F13/14 , G06F13/16 , G06F13/1642 , G06F13/1673 , G06F13/1689 , G06F13/385 , G06F13/4022 , G06F13/4068 , G06F13/4221 , G06F15/17331 , H04L1/0083 , H04L43/0876 , H04L43/10 , H04L45/02 , H04L45/021 , H04L45/028 , H04L45/122 , H04L45/123 , H04L45/125 , H04L45/16 , H04L45/20 , H04L45/22 , H04L45/24 , H04L45/38 , H04L45/42 , H04L45/46 , H04L45/566 , H04L45/70 , H04L45/745 , H04L45/7453 , H04L47/11 , H04L47/12 , H04L47/122 , H04L47/18 , H04L47/20 , H04L47/22 , H04L47/24 , H04L47/2441 , H04L47/2466 , H04L47/2483 , H04L47/30 , H04L47/32 , H04L47/323 , H04L47/34 , H04L47/39 , H04L47/52 , H04L47/621 , H04L47/6235 , H04L47/626 , H04L47/6275 , H04L47/629 , H04L47/76 , H04L47/762 , H04L47/781 , H04L47/80 , H04L49/101 , H04L49/15 , H04L49/30 , H04L49/3009 , H04L49/3018 , H04L49/3027 , H04L49/90 , H04L49/9005 , H04L49/9021 , H04L49/9036 , H04L49/9047 , H04L67/1097 , H04L69/22 , H04L69/40 , G06F2212/50 , G06F2213/0026 , G06F2213/3808 , H04L69/28
Abstract: A network interface controller (NIC) capable of efficient operation management for host accelerators is provided. The NIC can be equipped with a host interface and triggering logic block. During operation, the host interface can couple the NIC to a host device. The triggering logic block can obtain, via the host interface from the host device, an operation associated with an accelerator of the host device. The triggering logic block can determine whether a triggering condition has been satisfied for the operation based on an indicator received from the accelerator. If the triggering condition has been satisfied, the triggering logic block can obtain a piece of data generated from the accelerator from a memory location and execute the operation using the piece of data.
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公开(公告)号:US20240056385A1
公开(公告)日:2024-02-15
申请号:US18491879
申请日:2023-10-23
Applicant: Hewlett Packard Enterprise Development LP
Inventor: Abdulla M. Bataineh , Jonathan Paul Beecroft , Thomas L. Court , Anthony M. Ford , Edwin L. Froese , David Charles Hewson , Joseph Kopnick , Andrew Kopser , Duncan Roweth , Gregory Faanes , Michael Higgins , Timothy J. Johnson , Trevor Jones , James Reinhard , Edward J. Turner , Steven L. Scott
IPC: H04L45/28 , H04L45/028 , H04L45/125 , H04L45/00 , H04L45/122 , H04L47/76 , H04L49/15 , H04L49/00 , H04L69/40 , H04L47/10 , H04L49/9005 , H04L47/34 , H04L67/1097 , G06F13/16 , H04L45/021 , H04L47/12 , G06F13/42 , H04L47/2441 , H04L47/30 , H04L47/62 , H04L47/24 , H04L49/90 , G06F13/38 , G06F13/40 , H04L45/745 , H04L47/2483 , H04L47/629 , H04L47/80 , H04L49/101 , H04L45/12 , H04L47/122 , G06F12/1036 , G06F15/173 , H04L43/10 , H04L45/42 , H04L47/11 , G06F12/0862 , G06F12/1045 , H04L47/32 , G06F9/54 , G06F13/14 , G06F9/50 , H04L47/22 , H04L47/52 , H04L47/6275 , H04L45/24 , H04L45/7453 , H04L45/16 , H04L69/22 , H04L47/762 , H04L47/78 , H04L47/20 , H04L49/9047 , H04L1/00 , H04L43/0876 , H04L47/2466 , H04L47/625
CPC classification number: H04L45/28 , H04L45/028 , H04L45/125 , H04L45/22 , H04L45/122 , H04L47/76 , H04L49/15 , H04L49/30 , H04L69/40 , H04L47/39 , H04L49/9005 , H04L47/34 , H04L67/1097 , G06F13/1673 , G06F13/1689 , H04L45/021 , H04L45/38 , H04L47/12 , G06F13/1642 , G06F13/4221 , H04L47/2441 , H04L47/30 , H04L47/621 , H04L47/24 , H04L49/9021 , G06F13/16 , G06F13/385 , G06F13/4022 , H04L45/745 , H04L47/2483 , H04L47/629 , H04L47/80 , H04L49/101 , H04L49/3009 , H04L49/3018 , H04L49/3027 , H04L45/123 , H04L47/122 , H04L45/566 , G06F12/1036 , G06F15/17331 , H04L49/90 , H04L43/10 , H04L45/20 , H04L45/42 , H04L47/11 , H04L47/18 , G06F12/0862 , G06F12/1063 , H04L47/323 , G06F9/546 , G06F13/14 , G06F9/505 , H04L47/22 , H04L47/52 , H04L47/6275 , H04L45/24 , H04L45/7453 , H04L45/16 , H04L69/22 , G06F13/4068 , H04L47/6235 , H04L47/762 , H04L47/781 , H04L47/20 , H04L49/9036 , H04L49/9047 , H04L1/0083 , H04L43/0876 , H04L45/46 , H04L45/70 , H04L47/2466 , H04L47/626 , H04L47/32 , G06F2213/0026 , G06F2213/3808 , G06F2212/50 , H04L69/28
Abstract: A switch architecture for a data-driven intelligent networking system is provided. The system can accommodate dynamic traffic with fast, effective congestion control. The system can maintain state information of individual packet flows, which can be set up or released dynamically based on injected data. Each flow can be provided with a flow-specific input queue upon arriving at a switch. Packets of a respective flow are acknowledged after reaching the egress point of the network, and the acknowledgement packets are sent back to the ingress point of the flow along the same data path. As a result, each switch can obtain state information of each flow and perform flow control on a per-flow basis.
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公开(公告)号:US11818037B2
公开(公告)日:2023-11-14
申请号:US17594696
申请日:2020-03-23
Applicant: Hewlett Packard Enterprise Development LP
Inventor: Abdulla M. Bataineh , Jonathan P. Beecroft , Thomas L. Court , Anthony M. Ford , Edwin L. Froese , David Charles Hewson , Joseph G. Kopnick , Andrew S. Kopser , Duncan Roweth , Gregory Faanes , Michael Higgins , Timothy J. Johnson , Trevor Jones , James Reinhard , Edward J. Turner , Steven L. Scott , Robert L. Alverson
IPC: H04L49/00 , H04L49/101 , H04L45/745 , H04L47/2441 , H04L45/28 , H04L45/028 , H04L45/125 , H04L45/00 , H04L45/122 , H04L47/76 , H04L49/15 , H04L69/40 , H04L47/10 , H04L49/9005 , H04L47/34 , H04L67/1097 , G06F13/16 , H04L45/021 , H04L47/12 , G06F13/42 , H04L47/30 , H04L47/62 , H04L47/24 , H04L49/90 , G06F13/38 , G06F13/40 , H04L47/2483 , H04L47/629 , H04L47/80 , H04L45/12 , H04L47/122 , G06F12/1036 , G06F15/173 , H04L43/10 , H04L45/42 , H04L47/11 , G06F12/0862 , G06F12/1045 , H04L47/32 , G06F9/54 , G06F13/14 , G06F9/50 , H04L47/22 , H04L47/52 , H04L47/6275 , H04L45/24 , H04L45/7453 , H04L45/16 , H04L69/22 , H04L47/762 , H04L47/78 , H04L47/20 , H04L49/9047 , H04L1/00 , H04L43/0876 , H04L47/2466 , H04L47/625 , H04L69/28
CPC classification number: H04L45/28 , G06F9/505 , G06F9/546 , G06F12/0862 , G06F12/1036 , G06F12/1063 , G06F13/14 , G06F13/16 , G06F13/1642 , G06F13/1673 , G06F13/1689 , G06F13/385 , G06F13/4022 , G06F13/4068 , G06F13/4221 , G06F15/17331 , H04L1/0083 , H04L43/0876 , H04L43/10 , H04L45/021 , H04L45/028 , H04L45/122 , H04L45/123 , H04L45/125 , H04L45/16 , H04L45/20 , H04L45/22 , H04L45/24 , H04L45/38 , H04L45/42 , H04L45/46 , H04L45/566 , H04L45/70 , H04L45/745 , H04L45/7453 , H04L47/11 , H04L47/12 , H04L47/122 , H04L47/18 , H04L47/20 , H04L47/22 , H04L47/24 , H04L47/2441 , H04L47/2466 , H04L47/2483 , H04L47/30 , H04L47/32 , H04L47/323 , H04L47/34 , H04L47/39 , H04L47/52 , H04L47/621 , H04L47/626 , H04L47/629 , H04L47/6235 , H04L47/6275 , H04L47/76 , H04L47/762 , H04L47/781 , H04L47/80 , H04L49/101 , H04L49/15 , H04L49/30 , H04L49/3009 , H04L49/3018 , H04L49/3027 , H04L49/90 , H04L49/9005 , H04L49/9021 , H04L49/9036 , H04L49/9047 , H04L67/1097 , H04L69/22 , H04L69/40 , G06F2212/50 , G06F2213/0026 , G06F2213/3808 , H04L69/28
Abstract: A switch architecture for a data-driven intelligent networking system is provided. The system can accommodate dynamic traffic with fast, effective congestion control. The system can maintain state information of individual packet flows, which can be set up or released dynamically based on injected data. Each flow can be provided with a flow-specific input queue upon arriving at a switch. Packets of a respective flow are acknowledged after reaching the egress point of the network, and the acknowledgement packets are sent back to the ingress point of the flow along the same data path. As a result, each switch can obtain state information of each flow and perform flow control on a per-flow basis.
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公开(公告)号:US11792114B2
公开(公告)日:2023-10-17
申请号:US17594548
申请日:2020-03-23
Applicant: Hewlett Packard Enterprise Development LP
Inventor: Duncan Roweth , Robert L. Alverson , Albert Cheng , Timothy J. Johnson
IPC: H04L12/26 , H04L45/28 , H04L45/028 , H04L45/125 , H04L45/00 , H04L45/122 , H04L47/76 , H04L49/15 , H04L49/00 , H04L69/40 , H04L47/10 , H04L49/9005 , H04L47/34 , H04L67/1097 , G06F13/16 , H04L45/021 , H04L47/12 , G06F13/42 , H04L47/2441 , H04L47/30 , H04L47/62 , H04L47/24 , H04L49/90 , G06F13/38 , G06F13/40 , H04L45/745 , H04L47/2483 , H04L47/629 , H04L47/80 , H04L49/101 , H04L45/12 , H04L47/122 , G06F12/1036 , G06F15/173 , H04L43/10 , H04L45/42 , H04L47/11 , G06F12/0862 , G06F12/1045 , H04L47/32 , G06F9/54 , G06F13/14 , G06F9/50 , H04L47/22 , H04L47/52 , H04L47/6275 , H04L45/24 , H04L45/7453 , H04L45/16 , H04L69/22 , H04L47/762 , H04L47/78 , H04L47/20 , H04L49/9047 , H04L1/00 , H04L43/0876 , H04L47/2466 , H04L47/625 , H04L69/28
CPC classification number: H04L45/28 , G06F9/505 , G06F9/546 , G06F12/0862 , G06F12/1036 , G06F12/1063 , G06F13/14 , G06F13/16 , G06F13/1642 , G06F13/1673 , G06F13/1689 , G06F13/385 , G06F13/4022 , G06F13/4068 , G06F13/4221 , G06F15/17331 , H04L1/0083 , H04L43/0876 , H04L43/10 , H04L45/021 , H04L45/028 , H04L45/122 , H04L45/123 , H04L45/125 , H04L45/16 , H04L45/20 , H04L45/22 , H04L45/24 , H04L45/38 , H04L45/42 , H04L45/46 , H04L45/566 , H04L45/70 , H04L45/745 , H04L45/7453 , H04L47/11 , H04L47/12 , H04L47/122 , H04L47/18 , H04L47/20 , H04L47/22 , H04L47/24 , H04L47/2441 , H04L47/2466 , H04L47/2483 , H04L47/30 , H04L47/32 , H04L47/323 , H04L47/34 , H04L47/39 , H04L47/52 , H04L47/621 , H04L47/626 , H04L47/629 , H04L47/6235 , H04L47/6275 , H04L47/76 , H04L47/762 , H04L47/781 , H04L47/80 , H04L49/101 , H04L49/15 , H04L49/30 , H04L49/3009 , H04L49/3018 , H04L49/3027 , H04L49/90 , H04L49/9005 , H04L49/9021 , H04L49/9036 , H04L49/9047 , H04L67/1097 , H04L69/22 , H04L69/40 , G06F2212/50 , G06F2213/0026 , G06F2213/3808 , H04L69/28
Abstract: A network interface controller (NIC) capable of efficient management of non-idempotent operations is provided. The NIC can be equipped with a network interface, storage management logic block, and an operation management logic block. During operation, the network interface can receive a request for an operation from a remote device. The storage management logic block can store, in a local data structure, outcome of operations executed by the NIC. The operation management logic block can determine whether the NIC has previously executed the operation. If the NIC has previously executed the operation, the operation management logic block can obtain an outcome of the operation from the data structure and generate a response comprising the obtained outcome for responding to the request.
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公开(公告)号:US11784920B2
公开(公告)日:2023-10-10
申请号:US17594736
申请日:2020-03-23
Applicant: Hewlett Packard Enterprise Development LP
Inventor: Duncan Roweth , Edwin L. Froese , Joseph G. Kopnick , Andrew S. Kopser , Robert Alverson
IPC: H04L45/122 , H04L49/15 , H04L47/10 , H04L49/9005 , H04L47/12 , H04L47/30 , H04L45/28 , H04L45/028 , H04L45/125 , H04L45/00 , H04L47/76 , H04L49/00 , H04L69/40 , H04L47/34 , H04L67/1097 , G06F13/16 , H04L45/021 , G06F13/42 , H04L47/2441 , H04L47/62 , H04L47/24 , H04L49/90 , G06F13/38 , G06F13/40 , H04L45/745 , H04L47/2483 , H04L47/629 , H04L47/80 , H04L49/101 , H04L45/12 , H04L47/122 , G06F12/1036 , G06F15/173 , H04L43/10 , H04L45/42 , H04L47/11 , G06F12/0862 , G06F12/1045 , H04L47/32 , G06F9/54 , G06F13/14 , G06F9/50 , H04L47/22 , H04L47/52 , H04L47/6275 , H04L45/24 , H04L45/7453 , H04L45/16 , H04L69/22 , H04L47/762 , H04L47/78 , H04L47/20 , H04L49/9047 , H04L1/00 , H04L43/0876 , H04L47/2466 , H04L47/625 , H04L69/28
CPC classification number: H04L45/28 , G06F9/505 , G06F9/546 , G06F12/0862 , G06F12/1036 , G06F12/1063 , G06F13/14 , G06F13/16 , G06F13/1642 , G06F13/1673 , G06F13/1689 , G06F13/385 , G06F13/4022 , G06F13/4068 , G06F13/4221 , G06F15/17331 , H04L1/0083 , H04L43/0876 , H04L43/10 , H04L45/021 , H04L45/028 , H04L45/122 , H04L45/123 , H04L45/125 , H04L45/16 , H04L45/20 , H04L45/22 , H04L45/24 , H04L45/38 , H04L45/42 , H04L45/46 , H04L45/566 , H04L45/70 , H04L45/745 , H04L45/7453 , H04L47/11 , H04L47/12 , H04L47/122 , H04L47/18 , H04L47/20 , H04L47/22 , H04L47/24 , H04L47/2441 , H04L47/2466 , H04L47/2483 , H04L47/30 , H04L47/32 , H04L47/323 , H04L47/34 , H04L47/39 , H04L47/52 , H04L47/621 , H04L47/626 , H04L47/629 , H04L47/6235 , H04L47/6275 , H04L47/76 , H04L47/762 , H04L47/781 , H04L47/80 , H04L49/101 , H04L49/15 , H04L49/30 , H04L49/3009 , H04L49/3018 , H04L49/3027 , H04L49/90 , H04L49/9005 , H04L49/9021 , H04L49/9036 , H04L49/9047 , H04L67/1097 , H04L69/22 , H04L69/40 , G06F2212/50 , G06F2213/0026 , G06F2213/3808 , H04L69/28
Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for passing data amongst a plurality of switches having a plurality of links attached between the plurality of switches. At a switch, a plurality of load signals are received from a plurality of neighboring switches. Each of the plurality of load signals are made up of a set of values indicative of a load at each of the plurality of neighboring switches providing the load signal. Each value within the set of values provides an indication for each link of the plurality of links attached thereto as to whether the link is busy or quiet. Based upon the plurality of load signals, an output link for routing a received packet is selected, and the received packet is routed via the selected output link.
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公开(公告)号:US11757764B2
公开(公告)日:2023-09-12
申请号:US17594649
申请日:2020-03-23
Applicant: Hewlett Packard Enterprise Development LP
Inventor: Abdulla M. Bataineh , Edwin L. Froese , Duncan Roweth
IPC: H04L45/28 , H04L45/028 , H04L45/125 , H04L45/00 , H04L45/122 , H04L47/76 , H04L49/15 , H04L49/00 , H04L69/40 , H04L47/10 , H04L49/9005 , H04L47/34 , H04L67/1097 , G06F13/16 , H04L45/021 , H04L47/12 , G06F13/42 , H04L47/2441 , H04L47/30 , H04L47/62 , H04L47/24 , H04L49/90 , G06F13/38 , G06F13/40 , H04L45/745 , H04L47/2483 , H04L47/629 , H04L47/80 , H04L49/101 , H04L45/12 , H04L47/122 , G06F12/1036 , G06F15/173 , H04L43/10 , H04L45/42 , H04L47/11 , G06F12/0862 , G06F12/1045 , H04L47/32 , G06F9/54 , G06F13/14 , G06F9/50 , H04L47/22 , H04L47/52 , H04L47/6275 , H04L45/24 , H04L45/7453 , H04L45/16 , H04L69/22 , H04L47/762 , H04L47/78 , H04L47/20 , H04L49/9047 , H04L1/00 , H04L43/0876 , H04L47/2466 , H04L47/625 , H04L69/28
CPC classification number: H04L45/28 , G06F9/505 , G06F9/546 , G06F12/0862 , G06F12/1036 , G06F12/1063 , G06F13/14 , G06F13/16 , G06F13/1642 , G06F13/1673 , G06F13/1689 , G06F13/385 , G06F13/4022 , G06F13/4068 , G06F13/4221 , G06F15/17331 , H04L1/0083 , H04L43/0876 , H04L43/10 , H04L45/021 , H04L45/028 , H04L45/122 , H04L45/123 , H04L45/125 , H04L45/16 , H04L45/20 , H04L45/22 , H04L45/24 , H04L45/38 , H04L45/42 , H04L45/46 , H04L45/566 , H04L45/70 , H04L45/745 , H04L45/7453 , H04L47/11 , H04L47/12 , H04L47/122 , H04L47/18 , H04L47/20 , H04L47/22 , H04L47/24 , H04L47/2441 , H04L47/2466 , H04L47/2483 , H04L47/30 , H04L47/32 , H04L47/323 , H04L47/34 , H04L47/39 , H04L47/52 , H04L47/621 , H04L47/626 , H04L47/629 , H04L47/6235 , H04L47/6275 , H04L47/76 , H04L47/762 , H04L47/781 , H04L47/80 , H04L49/101 , H04L49/15 , H04L49/30 , H04L49/3009 , H04L49/3018 , H04L49/3027 , H04L49/90 , H04L49/9005 , H04L49/9021 , H04L49/9036 , H04L49/9047 , H04L67/1097 , H04L69/22 , H04L69/40 , G06F2212/50 , G06F2213/0026 , G06F2213/3808 , H04L69/28
Abstract: A switch is provided, which can receive a data communication at an edge of a network. The network may be made up of a plurality of switches. The switch may generate a flow channel based upon an identified source and destination for the data communication. The data communication can be routed across the plurality of switches based on minimizing a number of hops between a subset of the plurality of switches and in accordance with the flow channel.
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公开(公告)号:US20220200900A1
公开(公告)日:2022-06-23
申请号:US17594721
申请日:2020-03-23
Applicant: Hewlett Packard Enterprise Development LP
Inventor: Duncan Roweth
IPC: H04L45/00 , H04L45/28 , H04L45/021 , H04L47/12
Abstract: System and methods are described for providing adaptive routing in the presence of persistent flows. Switches in a fabric have the capability to establish flow channels. Switches can adaptively route flows, while monitoring transmission characteristics of the flows channels to identify whether any flows are experiencing congestion towards a destination. In response to detecting congestion, it can be further determined whether the flow is related to a source of congestion, or alternative the flow is a victim of congestion. Flows that are a source of congestion have their routing constrained to prevent congestion from propagating. For example, new packets of a flow that is a source of congestion may be forced to only take the path of the data transmission that detected said congestion (preventing congestion from spreading). Alternatively, victims of congestion do not have their routing constrained, and packets can take any path as permitted by adaptive routing.
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