摘要:
An optical disk includes an audio data storage area for storing audio data; a still picture data storage area for storing a plurality of pieces of still picture data; and a management area for storing reproduction control information for controlling reproduction of the audio data and the plurality of pieces of still picture data. The reproduction control information has flag information representing specified still picture data among the plurality of pieces of still picture data.
摘要:
An optical disk includes an audio data storage area for storing audio data; a still picture data storage area for storing a plurality of pieces of still picture data; and a management area for storing reproduction control information for controlling reproduction of the audio data and the plurality of pieces of still picture data. The reproduction control information has flag information representing specified still picture data among the plurality of pieces of still picture data.
摘要:
A road surface friction coefficient estimating device includes a means which finds a first estimated value Mnsp_estm of an external force to be compared (S102 to S116, S118-2), a means which finds a second estimated value Mnsp_sens (S118-1), and a plurality of increasing/decreasing manipulated variable determining means 34_k, each of which determines the increasing/decreasing manipulated variable Δμ_k of the friction coefficient estimated value on the basis of the first estimated value Mnsp_estm and the second estimated value Mnsp_sens, and updates the friction coefficient estimated value according to Δμ_k. The increasing/decreasing manipulated variable determining means 34—1 and 34—2 determine Δμ—1 and Δμ—2 according to a deviation in filtering value between the first estimated value and the second estimated value, and the increasing/decreasing manipulated variable determining means 34—3 determines Δμ—1 according to the deviation between the first estimated value and the second estimated value.
摘要:
A calibration method for calibrating a measurement device for measuring a concentration of a gas dissolved in a liquid includes varying the concentration of the gas dissolved in the liquid, and predetermining, as a reference concentration, a concentration of the gas at which an intensity of luminescence produced when the liquid is irradiated with ultrasonic waves shows a peak. The liquid is illuminated with ultrasonic waves while varying the concentration of the gas in the liquid and a measured value is measured, using the measurement device, as a concentration of the gas in the liquid when the intensity of the luminescence shows a peak. The measurement device is calibrated based on the measured value and the reference concentration.
摘要:
An ultrasonic cleaning method for cleaning an object in a solution having a gas dissolved therein includes irradiating ultrasonic waves to the solution having a first dissolved gas concentration. While the ultrasonic waves are being irradiated to the solution, a dissolved gas concentration in the solution is changed from the first dissolved gas concentration to a second dissolved gas concentration that is lower than the first dissolved gas concentration such that sonoluminescence occurs.
摘要:
An optical disk for recording stereoscopic videos and high-quality video signals and a system for reproducing the videos and signals from the optical disk are made compatible with the conventional video reproducing system. A reproducing device which is used for reproducing stereoscopic videos and high-quality videos obtains stereoscopic video or high-quality videos by reproducing both first and second interleaved blocks on the optical disk in which first and second video signals are alternately recorded on the left and right sides by dividing the first and second video signals into frame groups of one GOP or more and a reproducing device which is not used for reproducing the stereoscopic videos and high-quality videos obtains ordinary videos by only reproducing either the first or second interleaved block by jumping tracks.
摘要:
A blood purification apparatus includes a blood circuit having arterial and venous blood circuits, a blood pump, a blood purifying device, an indicator applying device that applies a predetermined indicator to the blood flowing extracorporeally through the blood circuit, a detecting device that detects the indicator applied by the indicator applying device, an arithmetic device that calculates, based on the indicator detected by the detecting device, a recirculation rate, and a calculating device that calculates an ideal extracorporeally circulating blood flow that results in the recirculation rate being no more than a predetermined value when the recirculation rate calculated by the arithmetic device is greater than the predetermined value. The recirculation rate is a proportion of a recirculated blood flow, which is reintroduced to the patient from the venous blood circuit and directed again to the arterial blood circuit, relative to an extracorporeally circulating blood flow.
摘要:
An optical disk for recording stereoscopic videos and high-quality video signals and a system for reproducing the videos and signals from the optical disk are made compatible with the conventional video reproducing system. A reproducing device which is used for reproducing stereoscopic videos and high-quality videos obtains stereoscopic video or high-quality videos by reproducing both first and second interleaved blocks on the optical disk in which first and second video signals are alternately recorded on the left and right sides by dividing the first and second video signals into frame groups of one GOP or more and a reproducing device which is not used for reproducing the stereoscopic videos and high-quality videos obtains ordinary videos by only reproducing either the first or second interleaved block by jumping tracks.
摘要:
A road surface friction coefficient estimating device includes a means which finds a first estimated value Mnsp_estm of an external force to be compared (S102 to S116, S118-2), a means which finds a second estimated value Mnsp_sens (S118-1), and a plurality of increasing/decreasing manipulated variable determining means 34_k, each of which determines the increasing/decreasing manipulated variable Δμ_k of the friction coefficient estimated value on the basis of the first estimated value Mnsp_estm and the second estimated value Mnsp_sens, and updates the friction coefficient estimated value according to Δμ_k. The increasing/decreasing manipulated variable determining means 34—1 and 34—2 determine Δμ—1 and Δμ—2 according to a deviation in filtering value between the first estimated value and the second estimated value, and the increasing/decreasing manipulated variable determining means 34—3 determines Δμ—1 according to the deviation between the first estimated value and the second estimated value.
摘要:
A method for the wet-chemical treatment of a semiconductor wafer involves: a) rotating a semiconductor wafer; b) applying a cleaning liquid comprising gas bubbles having a diameter of 100 μm or less to the rotating wafer such that a liquid film forms on the wafer; c) exposing the rotating semiconductor wafer to a gas atmosphere containing a reactive gas; and d) removing the liquid film from the wafer.