Abstract:
An electrolyte for a lithium secondary battery, the electrolyte including: a lithium salt, an organic solvent, and an organic fluorinated ether compound represented by Formula 1: CF3—R1—O—CF2—CHF—(CH2)n—CF3 Formula 1 wherein, in Formula 1, R1 is a C1-C10 alkylene group, a C3-C10 cycloalkylene group, a C1-C10 fluorinated alkylene group, or a C3-C10 fluorinated cycloalkylene group; and n is an integer of 0 to 10.
Abstract:
A method and apparatus for image quality assessment are provided. The method of image quality assessment includes: accessing a text prompt representing an image-quality attribute of a target image included in a data set; training a target encoder to correspond to a visual-language model (VLM), the training based on data obtained by applying the text prompt to the VLM; and fine-tuning the trained target encoder to perform image-quality assessment.
Abstract:
A semiconductor device may include gate electrodes spaced apart from each other in a first direction on a substrate and including pads in a stepped shape, a channel extending through the gate electrodes, a first through via, first and second separation insulating layers, and an insulating pattern. The gate electrodes may include second gate electrodes below a first gate electrode. The first through via may pass through and electrically connect to a first pad of the first gate electrode, pass through the second gate electrodes, and include a connection portion connected to a conductive pillar. The connection portion may contact the first pad. The first separation insulating layer may be on an upper surface of the connection portion. The second separation insulating layer may be on a bottom surface of the connection portion. The insulating pattern may be between the first through via and sidewalls of the second gate electrodes.
Abstract:
According to an embodiment, an electronic device may comprise an antenna circuit including an antenna, a first capacitor, a switch, a sensor, and at least one processor. The at least one processor may be configured to control the switch to connect the first capacitor and the sensor, based on start of booting of the electronic device, determine an initial value of the sensor for determining whether a user grips at least a portion of the electronic device, based on the connection of the first capacitor and the sensor, and control the switch to connect the antenna circuit and the sensor, based on the determination of the initial value of the sensor. Other various embodiments are possible as well.
Abstract:
An apparatus for manufacturing semiconductor devices having a gas mixer includes a gas supply and a reaction chamber, and the gas supply includes an upper gas mixer, an intermediate gas mixer disposed under the upper gas mixer, a lower gas mixer disposed under the intermediate gas mixer, a first gas supply pipe which is disposed on an upper portion of the upper gas mixer and supplies a first gas to the upper gas mixer, a second gas supply pipe which is disposed on an upper end portion of a side surface of the upper gas mixer and supplies a second gas to the upper gas mixer, and a third gas supply pipe which is disposed on a side surface of the intermediate gas mixer and supplies a third gas to the intermediate gas mixer.
Abstract:
A semiconductor device including gate electrodes stacked and spaced apart from each other in a first direction, extending by different lengths in a second direction on the second region, and each including a pad region having an upper surface exposed upwardly in the second region and a stack region other than the pad region, the gate electrodes including a first gate electrode and a second gate electrode below the first gate electrode, a first contact plug insulating layer on interlayer insulating layers in the pad region of the first gate electrode, surrounding a gate contact plug, and vertically overlapping the first gate electrode, second contact plug insulating layers alternating with the interlayer insulating layers below the pad region of the first gate electrode and surrounding the gate contact plug may be provided.
Abstract:
A method and apparatus for performing deep learning operations. A computation apparatus includes an adder tree-based tensor core configured to perform a tensor operation, and a multiplier and accumulator (MAC)-based vector core configured to perform a vector operation using an output of the tensor core as an input.
Abstract:
A lithium secondary battery includes: a positive electrode; an negative electrode; and an electrolyte between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, wherein the positive electrode includes a positive active material represented by Formula 1, the electrolyte includes a lithium salt, a non-aqueous solvent, and a trialkoxyalkylsilane compound represented by Formula 2, and an amount of the trialkoxyalkylsilane compound in the electrolyte is about 0.1 weight percent to about 5 weight percent based on a total weight of the electrolyte: wherein, in Formula 1 and Formula 2, x, y, z, M, A, R1 to R3, and Ar are as defined as the specification.
Abstract:
An organic electrolyte solution includes a lithium salt; an organic solvent; and a fluorine-containing phosphate compound represented by Formula 1: wherein, in Formula 1, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, R11, R12, R13, R14, and R15 are each independently a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, a C1-C5 alkyl group substituted or not substituted with a halogen atom, a C4-C10 cycloalkyl group substituted or not substituted with a halogen atom, a C6-C10 aryl group substituted or not substituted with a halogen atom, a C2-C10 heteroaryl group substituted or not substituted with a halogen atom, or a C2-C10 alkenyl group substituted or not substituted with a halogen atom, at least one of R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, R11, R12, R13, R14, or R15 is a fluorine atom, and at least one phenyl group does not have a fluorine atom.
Abstract:
An electrolyte additive for a lithium battery comprising a sulfone compound represented by Formula 1: wherein, in Formula 1, R1 is a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted C1-C5 alkyl group, a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted C4-C10 cycloalkyl group, a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted C5-C10 aryl group, or a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted C2-C10 heteroaryl group, and R2 is a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted C2-C10 alkenyl group.