摘要:
A catalyst for hydrotreating a heavy hydrocarbon oil containing asphaltenes comprises a porous carrier composed of one or more inorganic oxides of at least one element selected from among those of Groups II, III and IV of the Periodic Table, and at least one catalytic metal component composited with the carrier. The metal of the catalytic metal component is selected from among those of Groups VB, VIB, VIII and IB of the Periodic Table. The catalyst contains about 1 to 30% by weight of such catalytic metal component and has the following pore characteristics with regard to its pores having a diameter of 75 .ANG. or more: an average pore diameter APD of about 180 to 500 .ANG., a total pore volume PV, expressed in cc/g, being equal to or greater than a value X ##EQU1## the volume of pores with a diameter of about 180 to 500 .ANG. being at least about 0.2 cc/g, the volume of pores with a diameter of at least 1,500 .ANG. being not greater than about 0.03 cc/g, and a total surface area being at least about 60 m.sup.2 /g. The catalyst has an average catalyst diameter ACD, expressed in millimeters, of not greater than a value of the formula, ACD=(APD/100).sup.0.5. Disclosed also are a method of preparing such a catalyst, and a process for hydrotreating a heavy hydrocarbon oil containing asphaltenes in the presence of such a catalyst.
摘要:
An electron-emitting device comprises a pair of oppositely disposed electrodes and an electroconductive film arranged between the electrodes and including a high resistance region. The high resistance region has a deposit containing carbon as a principal ingredient. The electron-emitting device can be used for an electron source of an image-forming apparatus of the flat panel type.
摘要:
An electron-emitting device comprises a pair of oppositely disposed electrodes and an electroconductive film arranged between the electrodes and including a high resistance region. The high resistance region has a deposit containing carbon as a principal ingredient. The electron-emitting device can be used for an electron source of an image-forming apparatus of the flat panel type.
摘要:
An electron-emitting device comprises a pair of oppositely disposed electrodes and an electroconductive film arranged between the electrodes and including a high resistance region. The high resistance region has a deposit containing carbon as a principal ingredient. The electron-emitting device can be used for an electron source of an image-forming apparatus of the flat panel type.
摘要:
An image formation apparatus is disclosed which includes, within an enclosure configured by a pair of substrates placed face to face and an external frame placed between the substrates, an electron source placed on one of the pair of substrates, an image formation material placed on the other substrate, and spacers placed between the substrates, characterized in that the spacers and the external frame is conductive and device is provided for electrically connecting the spacers and the external frame so that the equipotential surfaces between the spacers and the external frame are quasi-parallel when driven.
摘要:
An optical device includes an asymmetric dual quantum well (ADQW) structure which is comprised of a plurality (at least two) of different semiconductor quantum well layers coupled to each other. In the ADQW structure, the width of a deeper quantum well layer having a narrower band gap is made narrower than that of a less deeper quantum well layer having a wider band gap such that the shift of an exciton wavelength is scarcely caused due to the quantum confined Stark effect by the application of an electric field in a predetermined range. As a result, only a refractive index of the ADQW structure is changed, but an absorption factor is scarcely changed for a given range of wavelength by the application of the electric field. Further, there is provided a member for applying an electric field to the asymmetric dual quantum well structure.
摘要:
A semiconductor optical filter that includes a semiconductor substrate and a laser structure formed on the substrate. The laser structure includes an active layer of a quantum well structure and a grating formed along the active layer. The active layer is constructed to have a ground state level and an energy level other than the ground state level. A saturation gain of the ground state level is set to a value less than an internal loss, and the other energy level is set to permit an increase in the amount of carriers injected into the laser structure. The laser structure is typically a distributed feedback type laser structure. Anti-reflection coatings may be formed on the end surfaces of the laser structure.
摘要:
A transfer method for transferring Bloch lines present in the magnetic wall of a magnetic section formed in a magnetic thin film along the magnetic wall includes the steps of distributing a predetermined soft magnetic material layer pattern on the magnetic thin film, applying a magnetic field to the soft magnetic material layer pattern parallel to the film surface of the magnetic thin film to form a potential well in the magnetic thin film, positioning the Bloch lines in the potential well, and varying the direction of the magnetization of the soft magnetic material layer pattern in a plane parallel to the film surface to move the potential well along the magnetic wall and transfer the Bloch lines.
摘要:
A magnetic record reproducing method includes the steps of bringing a magnetic film, capable of producing a magneto static wave, into intimate contact with or proximity to the recording surface of a magnetic recording medium, causing the magnetic film to produce the magnetostatic wave, detecting any variation in wave number in the magnetostatic wave attributable to the magnetized signal of the recording surface, and converting the variation in wave number in the magnetostatic wave into an electrical signal.
摘要:
A process for transferring Bloch lines formed in a magnetic wall of a magnetic domain and a magnetic memory apparatus for recording/reproducing information in utilizing Bloch lines formed in the magnetic wall of the magnetic domain as a information carrier are disclosed. The process comprises steps of forming a positive or negative magnetic charge area in the magnetic wall, thereby attaching a Bloch line to the area, and moving the magnetic charge area, thereby moving the Bloch line. The apparatus comprises a memory substrate having a stripe-shaped magnetic domain, a way to write Bloch lines in the magnetic wall of the stripe-shaped magnetic domain according to input information, a way to read the Bloch lines so stored to reproduce the information in the form of electric signals and a way to apply a rotating magnetic field parallel to the plane of the memory substrate, to the stripe-shaped magnetic domain, to move the Bloch lines along the magnetic wall. As a result, the Bloch lines so written are transferred in succession to another location in the domain or to a read-out area.