公开(公告)号：US06941230B1

公开(公告)日：2005-09-06

申请号：US09869782

申请日：2000-01-04

Applicant: Dieter Stirnberg ,  Joachim Kastner

Inventor： Dieter Stirnberg ,  Joachim Kastner

IPC: G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/10 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/32 ,  G01J3/42 ,  G01N21/00 ,  G01N21/01 ,  G01N21/3504 ,  G01N21/359 ,  G01N21/59 ,  G01N33/22 ,  G01N33/28

CPC classification number: G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0218 ,  G01J3/0229 ,  G01J3/0232 ,  G01J3/10 ,  G01J3/32 ,  G01J3/42 ,  G01J2003/2866 ,  G01J2003/326 ,  G01N21/3504 ,  G01N21/359 ,  G01N33/225

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of determining mainly the compressibility number K, the standard volumetric gross calorific value Hv,n and the standard density ρn of test gases using values determined from a spectrum of the test gases. The invention describes various approaches of translating the values for determining the desired values using the data of the spectrum in the operational condition to the standard reference condition using two-step iteration processes without having to subject the test gases to time-consuming treatments. The invention further relates to devices for determining the values required for the methods and which further develop devices for carrying out the methods.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种使用确定的值来确定测试气体的压缩性数K，标准体积总热值H H v，n N和标准密度r H n N n N的方法 从一系列测试气体。 本发明描述了使用两步迭代过程使用操作条件下的频谱数据到标准参考条件来将用于确定期望值的值转换的各种方法，而不必对测试气体进行耗时的处理。 本发明还涉及用于确定所述方法所需的值并进一步开发用于执行所述方法的装置的装置。

公开(公告)号：US20050124870A1

公开(公告)日：2005-06-09

申请号：US10923264

申请日：2004-08-20

Applicant: Jan Lipson

Inventor： Jan Lipson

IPC: A61B5/00 ,  G01J3/30 ,  G01J3/42 ,  G01J3/427 ,  G01J3/44 ,  G01N20060101 ,  G01N21/27 ,  G01N21/31 ,  G01N33/487 ,  G03H1/00

CPC classification number: G01J3/44 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0229 ,  G01J3/0232 ,  G01J3/1838 ,  G01N21/274 ,  G01N21/31 ,  G03H1/0005

Abstract: Weak signals scattered from analytes at multiple wavelengths can be summed to illuminate either a single detector or a multiplicity of detectors, offering the possibility of concentrating the spectral energy on a smaller total detector area. In addition, a method is disclosed whereby a calibration of the resulting signal for a given analyte can be obtained by means of measuring the quantity of water in the sample volume and by means of measuring the salinity of the fluid in the sample volume.

Abstract translation: 可以将从多个波长的分析物散射的弱信号相加，以照亮单个检测器或多个检测器，从而提供将光谱能量集中在更小的总检测器面积上的可能性。 此外，公开了一种方法，通过测量样品体积中的水量并通过测量样品体积中的流体的盐度，可以获得对于给定分析物的所得信号的校准。

公开(公告)号：US20040158300A1

公开(公告)日：2004-08-12

申请号：US10741020

申请日：2003-12-19

Inventor： Allan Gardiner

IPC: F21S002/00

CPC classification number: A61N5/0619 ,  A61B5/0488 ,  A61B5/0531 ,  A61B5/726 ,  A61N2005/0663 ,  G01J1/0488 ,  G01J1/08 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/021 ,  G01J3/0224 ,  G01J3/0229 ,  G01J3/0232 ,  G01J3/0235 ,  G01J3/10 ,  G01J2003/1213

Abstract: Illuminators and systems are provided that permit the production of a plurality of beams of electromagnetic radiation having selected peak wavelength, bandwidth, intensity, pulse frequency and pulse duration and the beams being coordinately controlled. Multiple beam illuminators can use either filter elements arranged into filter arrays, or tunable lasers, monochromators, LEDs, LCDs, tunable filters and the like or any other source having characteristic wavelength properties. Multiple clocked sources can be adapted to regulate a variety of variables of output beams. Variables that can be coordinately controlled include mean wavelength, wavelength bandwidth, beam intensity, duration, and time of onset and termination of each beam. Multiple output beams permit the coordinated illumination of a target, and optional sensors provide feedback regarding the effects of therapy. Computer storage devices, programs, and controllers can provide easy selection of the characteristics of the output beams. Output beams can have a variety of different shapes and configurations, depending on the desired application. Use of multiple clocked illuminators can improve electromagnetic therapy for a variety of disorders involving abnormal function of excitable tissues, including nerves, muscles and blood vessels.

Abstract translation: 提供照明器和系统，其允许产生具有选定的峰值波长，带宽，强度，脉冲频率和脉冲持续时间的多个电磁辐射束，并且所述光束被协调控制。 多个光束照明器可以使用排列成过滤器阵列的滤波器元件，或者可调激光器，单色器，LED，LCD，可调谐滤波器等或具有特征波长特性的任何其它源。 多个时钟源可以适应于调节输出光束的各种变量。 可以协调控制的变量包括平均波长，波长带宽，波束强度，持续时间以及每个波束的起始和终止时间。 多个输出光束允许目标的协调照明，并且可选的传感器提供关于治疗效果的反馈。 计算机存储设备，程序和控制器可以方便地选择输出光束的特性。 输出光束可以具有各种不同的形状和配置，这取决于所需的应用。 使用多个时钟照明器可以改善涉及可激活组织（包括神经，肌肉和血管）异常功能的各种疾病的电磁治疗。

公开(公告)号：US06753959B2

公开(公告)日：2004-06-22

申请号：US09958448

申请日：2001-10-05

Applicant: Michael R. Hammer ,  Martin K. Masters ,  Stewart R. Campbell ,  Peter G. Layton

Inventor： Michael R. Hammer ,  Martin K. Masters ,  Stewart R. Campbell ,  Peter G. Layton

IPC: G01J328

CPC classification number: G01J5/62 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0213 ,  G01J3/0227 ,  G01J3/0229 ,  G01J3/0232 ,  G01J3/1809 ,  G01J3/2803 ,  G01J2003/1828 ,  G01N21/27 ,  G01N21/31

Abstract: Spectroscopy apparatus for spectrochemical analysis of a sample having an excitation source (60) for providing spectral light (62) of the sample for analysis. The spectral light (62) is analysed via an optical system (64-66-68) that includes a polychromator (70, 74-80) and solid state multielement array detector (82). The elements (i.e. pixels) of the detector (82) are serially reel by means (84) to provide light intensity measurements as a function of wavelength. A problem is that the elements (pixels) of the detector (82) continue to accumulate change during the serial read-out. This is avoided by providing an optical shutter (72) for blocking the spectral light (62) whilst elements (pixels) of the detector (82) are being serially read. Shutter (72) has a piezoelectric actuator which is preferably a bimorph mounted as a cantilever. It is preferably located adjacent to the entrance aperture (70) of the polychromator. Bimorph structures for the actuator and drive and protective circuit arrangements are also disclosed.

Abstract translation: 具有用于提供用于分析的样品的光谱光（62）的激发源（60）的样品的光谱分析用光谱仪。 分光光（62）通过包括多色分光器（70,74-80）和固态多元件阵列检测器（82）的光学系统（64-66-68）进行分析。 检测器（82）的元件（即，像素）通过装置（84）串联卷绕以提供作为波长的函数的光强度测量。 问题在于，在串行读出期间，检测器（82）的元件（像素）继续积累变化。 这是通过提供用于阻挡分光光（62）的光学快门（72）而避免的，同时检测器（82）的元件（像素）被串行读取。 快门（72）具有压电致动器，其优选地是作为悬臂安装的双压电晶片。 它优选地位于多色调色板的入口孔（70）附近。 还公开了用于致动器和驱动器和保护电路装置的双压电晶片结构。

公开(公告)号：US20040002644A1

公开(公告)日：2004-01-01

申请号：US10189287

申请日：2002-07-01

Applicant: Axis-Shield PoC AS

Inventor： Thorstein Seim ,  Roland Eisentraeger

IPC: A61B005/05

CPC classification number: G01J3/2803 ,  G01J3/0232

Abstract: This invention relates to a method, device and apparatus for digitizing electromagnetic radiation measurements by control of camera shutter speed. The invention uses an Electromagnetic Radiation Sensitive Device (ERSD), such as for example a camera system containing a CMOS- or a CCD-image chip, to perform precise measurements by high-resolution digital control of the shutter speed. A constant output value is obtained from the ERSD such that any non-linearity and range limitation of the ERSD output is circumvented. The measurement methods and system are applied to chemical tests and analytes, which are used for diagnostic purposes. The method can be used to measure reflectance, transmittance, fluorescence and turbidity.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及通过控制照相机快门速度数字化电磁辐射测量的方法，装置和装置。 本发明使用电磁辐射敏感装置（ERSD），例如包含CMOS或CCD图像芯片的相机系统，通过快门速度的高分辨率数字控制来执行精确测量。 从ERSD获得恒定的输出值，以避免ERSD输出的任何非线性和范围限制。 测量方法和系统应用于化学测试和分析物，用于诊断目的。 该方法可用于测量反射率，透射率，荧光和浊度。

公开(公告)号：US06650415B2

公开(公告)日：2003-11-18

申请号：US10206428

申请日：2002-07-26

Applicant: David E. Aspnes ,  Jon Opsal

Inventor： David E. Aspnes ,  Jon Opsal

IPC: G01J400

CPC classification number: G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0229 ,  G01J3/0232 ,  G01N21/211 ,  G01N2021/213

Abstract: An ellipsometer, and a method of ellipsometry, for analyzing a sample using a broad range of wavelengths, includes a light source for generating a beam of polychromatic light having a range of wavelengths of light for interacting with the sample. A polarizer polarizes the light beam before the light beam interacts with the sample. A rotating compensator induces phase retardations of a polarization state of the light beam wherein the range of wavelengths and the compensator are selected such that at least a first phase retardation value is induced that is within a primary range of effective retardations of substantially 135° to 225°, and at least a second phase retardation value is induced that is outside of the primary range. An analyzer interacts with the light beam after the light beam interacts with the sample. A detector measures the intensity of light after interacting with the analyzer as a function of compensator angle and of wavelength, preferably at all wavelengths simultaneously. A processor determines the polarization state of the beam as it impinges the analyzer from the light intensities measured by the detector.

公开(公告)号：US20030117733A1

公开(公告)日：2003-06-26

申请号：US10313620

申请日：2002-12-06

Inventor： Marco Pizzi ,  Valerian Koniachkine

IPC: G02B001/00

CPC classification number: G02B26/02 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/021 ,  G01J3/0232 ,  G01J5/62 ,  G02B6/3566 ,  G02B6/357

Abstract: An optic device with a variable operating mode comprises a micromirror which can be obscured by means of an electrostatically controlled microshutter. In the operating condition of the microshutter, the petal of this adheres over a substrate to allow a beam of light to reach the mirror. In the condition at rest, the petal is curled up and one of its surfaces receives the beam of light and reflects it in all directions, at the same time preventing this from reaching the mirror.

Abstract translation: 具有可变操作模式的光学装置包括可以通过静电控制的微型显示器来遮蔽的微镜。 在微型切割器的操作状态下，其花瓣粘附在基板上以允许光束到达反射镜。 在休息状态下，花瓣卷曲，其表面之一接收到光束，并在各个方向上反射，同时防止其到达镜子。

公开(公告)号：US20020175287A1

公开(公告)日：2002-11-28

申请号：US10093584

申请日：2002-03-08

Inventor： Kenneth W. Busch ,  Dennis H. Rabbe

IPC: G01N021/35

CPC classification number: G01N21/274 ,  G01J3/021 ,  G01J3/0232 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01J2003/2866 ,  G01N21/35 ,  G01N21/3563 ,  G01N21/359

Abstract: The present invention is a dispersive, diffraction grating, NIR spectrometer that automatically calibrates the wavelength scale of the instrument without the need for external wavelength calibration materials. The invention results from the novel combination of: 1) a low power HenullNe laser at right angles to the source beam of the spectrometer; 2) a folding mirror to redirect the collimated laser beam so that it is parallel to the source beam; 3) the tendency of diffraction gratings to produce overlapping spectra of higher orders; 4) a nullpolka dotnull beam splitter to redirect the majority of the laser beam toward the reference detector; 5) PbS detectors and 6) a software routine written in Lab VIEW that automatically corrects the wavelength scale of the instrument from the positions of the 632.8 nm laser line in the spectrum.

Abstract translation: 本发明是一种分散衍射光栅，NIR光谱仪，可自动校准仪器的波长标度，无需外部波长校准材料。 本发明的结果是：1）与光谱仪的源光束成直角的低功率He-Ne激光器; 2）折叠镜，以使准直激光束重定向成平行于源光束; 3）衍射光栅产生高阶重叠光谱的趋势; 4）一个“波尔卡点”分束器，将大部分激光束重定向到参考探测器; 5）PbS检测器和6）Lab VIEW中编写的软件程序，可自动从波长632.8 nm激光线的位置校正仪器的波长范围。

公开(公告)号：US06377840B1

公开(公告)日：2002-04-23

申请号：US09585089

申请日：2000-06-01

Applicant: Sergey I. Gritsenko ,  Mark S. Lewandowski ,  Dean E. Myers

Inventor： Sergey I. Gritsenko ,  Mark S. Lewandowski ,  Dean E. Myers

IPC: A61B505

CPC classification number: A61B5/1495 ,  A61B5/0059 ,  A61B5/14552 ,  A61B5/6833 ,  A61B2560/0223 ,  A61B2560/0233 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0205 ,  G01J3/0218 ,  G01J3/0232 ,  G01J3/0291 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/42 ,  G01J2003/2866 ,  G01N21/255 ,  G01N21/274 ,  G01N21/31 ,  G01N21/3151 ,  G01N21/359 ,  G02B6/2808 ,  G02B6/3817 ,  G02B6/3825 ,  G02B6/3878 ,  G02B6/3885 ,  G02B6/3895 ,  G02B6/4249 ,  G02B6/4298

Abstract: A spectrophotometric instrument including a source of measurement light signals having measurement light wavelengths, and a probe having a tissue-engaging surface, a plurality of send fibers coupled to the measurement light signal source for transmitting the measurement light signals to the tissue-engaging surface, and a plurality of receive fibers for receiving light including the measurement light signals after the measurement light has been transmitted through the tissue. The instrument also has reference signal optics coupled to the measurement light signal between the measurement light signal source and the tissue-engaging surface for transmitting a reference light signal portion of the measurement light signal, a detector for generating electrical signals representative of the measurement light signals and the reference light signals, optical paths for coupling the measurement light signal from the receive fibers and the reference light signal portion from the reference signal optics to the detector, and an optical path control for selectively allowing either the measurement light signal portion or the reference light signal portion to the detector. The optical path control enables the detector to output a reference light sample value when the reference light signal portion is coupled to the detector, and to output a measurement light sample value when the measurement light signal portion is coupled to the detector.

Abstract translation: 一种分光光度仪器，包括具有测量光波长的测量光信号源和具有组织接合表面的探针，耦合到测量光信号源的多个发送光纤，用于将测量光信号传输到组织接合表面， 以及多个接收光纤，用于在测量光已经透射通过组织之后接收包括测量光信号的光。 仪器还具有耦合到测量光信号源和组织接合表面之间的测量光信号的参考信号光学，用于传输测量光信号的参考光信号部分，用于产生表示测量光信号的电信号的检测器 和参考光信号，用于将来自接收光纤的测量光信号和参考光信号部分从参考信号光学器件耦合到检测器的光路，以及光路控制器，用于选择性地允许测量光信号部分或参考 光信号部分到检测器。 当参考光信号部分耦合到检测器时，光路控制使得检测器能够输出参考光采样值，并且当测量光信号部分耦合到检测器时，输出测量光采样值。

公开(公告)号：US06320657B1

公开(公告)日：2001-11-20

申请号：US09619456

申请日：2000-07-19

Applicant: David E. Aspnes ,  Jon Opsal

Inventor： David E. Aspnes ,  Jon Opsal

IPC: G91J400

CPC classification number: G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0229 ,  G01J3/0232 ,  G01N21/211 ,  G01N2021/213

Abstract: An ellipsometer, and a method of ellipsometry, for analyzing a sample using a broad range of wavelengths, includes a light source for generating a beam of polychromatic light having a range of wavelengths of light for interacting with the sample. A polarizer polarizes the light beam before the light beam interacts with the sample. A rotating compensator induces phase retardations of a polarization state of the light beam wherein the range of wavelengths and the compensator are selected such that at least a first phase retardation value is induced that is within a primary range of effective retardations of substantially 135° to 225°, and at least a second phase retardation value is induced that is outside of the primary range. An analyzer interacts with the light beam after the light beam interacts with the sample. A detector measures the intensity of light after interacting with the analyzer as a function of compensator angle and of wavelength, preferably at all wavelengths simultaneously. A processor determines the polarization state of the beam as it impinges the analyzer from the light intensities measured by the detector.

Abstract translation: 用于使用宽波长范围分析样品的椭偏仪的椭偏仪和椭偏仪的方法包括用于产生具有用于与样品相互作用的光波长范围的多色光束的光源。 在光束与样品相互作用之前，偏振器使光束偏振。 旋转补偿器引起光束的偏振状态的相位延迟，其中选择波长范围和补偿器，使得至少引入第一相位延迟值，该第一相位延迟值在大致135°至225°的有效延迟的主要范围内 °，并且引起超出初级范围的至少第二相位延迟值。 在光束与样品相互作用后，分析仪与光束相互作用。 检测器测量与分析仪相互作用后的光强度，作为补偿器角度和波长的函数，优选同时在所有波长处。 处理器确定当光束从由检测器测量的光强度撞击分析仪时的偏振状态。