公开(公告)号：US6130730A

公开(公告)日：2000-10-10

申请号：US193584

申请日：1998-11-17

申请人： Joanna L. Jannson ,  Tomasz P. Jannson ,  Jeremy M. Lerner

发明人： Joanna L. Jannson ,  Tomasz P. Jannson ,  Jeremy M. Lerner

IPC分类号： F21V8/00 ,  G02B6/00 ,  G02F1/13357 ,  G02F1/1335

CPC分类号： G02B6/0038 ,  G02B6/0018 ,  G02B6/0031 ,  G02B6/0036 ,  G02B6/0061 ,  G02F1/133615 ,  G02F2001/133607

摘要： Systems and methods for providing an LGD with a collimated backlight and a non-Lambertian diffuser are described. An LCD system includes: an illumination source for producing light; a collimating waveguide optically connected to the illumination source, the collimating waveguide including a top surface, an incident end and a plurality of substantially parallel optical elements for redirecting light from the incident end to, and through, the top surface by total internal reflection (TR), each of the plurality of substantially parallel optical elements including a first facet that is nonparallel to the top surface and a mirrored second facet that is nonparallel to the top surface; a reflector optically connected to the light source and optically connected to the collimating waveguide, the reflector (1) at least partially surrounding the illumination source, and (2) reflecting light from said illumination source to said incident end by direct reflection; a liquid crystal display optically connected to the collimating waveguide; and a non-Lambertian diffuser optically connected to the liquid crystal display for directing light from said liquid crystal display. The light from the reflector is directly incident upon the incident end. The systems and methods provide advantages in that the light from the LCD is bright and homogenous.

摘要翻译： 描述了提供具有准直背光和非朗伯扩散器的LGD的系统和方法。 LCD系统包括：用于产生光的照明源; 光学连接到照明源的准直波导，准直波导包括顶表面，入射端和多个基本上平行的光学元件，用于通过全内反射（TR）将来自入射端的光重新定向并通过顶表面 ），所述多个基本上平行的光学元件中的每一个包括不平行于所述顶表面的第一小面和不平行于所述顶表面的镜像第二小面; 光学连接到光源并光学地连接到准直波导的反射器，反射器（1）至少部分地围绕照明源，以及（2）通过直接反射将来自所述照明源的光反射到所述入射端; 光学连接到准直波导的液晶显示器; 以及与所述液晶显示器光学连接的非朗伯扩散器，用于引导来自所述液晶显示器的光。 来自反射器的光直接发生在事件端。 该系统和方法提供了优点，因为来自LCD的光是明亮和均匀的。

公开(公告)号：US6113801A

公开(公告)日：2000-09-05

申请号：US922408

申请日：1997-09-03

申请人： Gajendra D. Savant ,  Abbas Hosseini

发明人： Gajendra D. Savant ,  Abbas Hosseini

IPC分类号： G02B5/02 ,  B29C39/10 ,  B29C39/24 ,  B29C41/26 ,  B29D11/00 ,  C08F2/50 ,  C08L33/08 ,  C08L39/06 ,  F21V8/00 ,  G02B5/04 ,  G02B6/00 ,  G02B6/02 ,  G02B6/122 ,  G02F1/1335 ,  C09K3/00 ,  B29D7/00 ,  G02F1/13

CPC分类号： G02B6/0065 ,  B29C41/26 ,  B29D11/0073 ,  G02B5/045 ,  G02B6/0033 ,  G02B6/1221 ,  G02B6/005

摘要： Compositions and methods for producing colored replicas are described. A method includes: combining a polymerizable varnish and a dye to form a composition, wherein the dye is substantially dissolved in the composition; and replicating a surface topography with the composition. The compositions and methods provide advantages in that surface topography is replicated in a color tinted polymer matrix with enhanced overall cost effectiveness.

摘要翻译： 描述了制备彩色复制品的组合物和方法。 一种方法包括：将可聚合清漆和染料组合以形成组合物，其中染料基本上溶于组合物中; 并用组合物复制表面形貌。 组合物和方法提供了优点，即表面形貌被复制在具有增强的整体成本效益的彩色聚合物基质中。

公开(公告)号：US6110401A

公开(公告)日：2000-08-29

申请号：US138798

申请日：1998-08-24

申请人： Kang S. Lee ,  Abbas Hosseini ,  Gajendra D. Savant

发明人： Kang S. Lee ,  Abbas Hosseini ,  Gajendra D. Savant

IPC分类号： B29C39/10 ,  B29C35/08 ,  B29C35/10 ,  B29C39/14 ,  B29C39/24 ,  B29C59/04 ,  B29D11/00

CPC分类号： B29C35/10 ,  B29C39/148 ,  B29C59/046 ,  B29C2035/0827 ,  B29K2063/00

摘要： A simple, fast, and reliable method and apparatus are provided for replicating a light shaping surface structure on a laminated surface of a relatively rigid substrate. More specifically, after the substrate is mounted on a table and a layer of epoxy is deposited between the substrate and a submaster to produce a layered structure, the layered structure is automatically compressed in a nip formed between the table and an outer surface of a rotating impression roller, thereby replicating the surface structure in the epoxy layer. The epoxy is then cured, and the submaster is separated from the substrate to leave a laminated structure having the light shaping surface structure on a surface thereof. Preferably, the submaster is wrapped around the impression roller, and the impression roller is rotated while the table is reciprocated linearly to compress the layered structure in the nip. In order to prevent slippage between the submaster and the substrate, the rotational speed of the impression roller is matched to the translational speed of the table during the compressing operation--preferably by using the submaster as a drive belt to drive the roller to rotate upon table movement. The replicator preferably also automatically cures the epoxy after the compressing operation and then automatically separates the submaster from the substrate.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种简单，快速和可靠的方法和装置，用于在相对刚性的基底的层叠表面上复制光成形表面结构。 更具体地，在将基板安装在工作台上并且在基板和副主板之间沉积环氧树脂层以产生分层结构之后，层叠结构在形成在工作台和旋转的外表面之间的辊隙中自动压缩 压印辊，从而复制环氧树脂层中的表面结构。 然后固化环氧树脂，并且将母材与基材分离以留下其表面上具有光整形表面结构的层压结构。 优选地，副主体缠绕在压印辊周围，并且压印辊旋转，同时工作台线性地往复运动以压缩辊隙中的分层结构。 为了防止子主体和基板之间的滑动，压印辊的旋转速度在压缩操作期间与工作台的平移速度相匹配 - 优选地通过使用副主轴作为传动带来驱动辊在工作台上旋转 运动。 复制器优选在压缩操作之后也自动固化环氧树脂，然后自动地将基层与基板分开。

公开(公告)号：US6058352A

公开(公告)日：2000-05-02

申请号：US900319

申请日：1997-07-25

申请人： Taiwei Lu ,  Robert A. Lieberman

发明人： Taiwei Lu ,  Robert A. Lieberman

IPC分类号： G01J3/28 ,  A61B5/00 ,  A61B5/103 ,  A61B10/00 ,  G01B15/02 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01N21/27 ,  G01N21/31 ,  G01N21/35 ,  G06F17/00 ,  G06F19/00

CPC分类号： A61B5/0059 ,  A61B5/411 ,  A61B5/445 ,  A61B5/7264 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0218 ,  G01J3/0272 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01N21/31 ,  G06F19/345 ,  A61B5/7232 ,  A61B5/7267 ,  G01N2021/3155 ,  G01N21/359 ,  G01N2201/1296 ,  Y10S706/924

摘要： Systems and methods using a neural network based portable absorption spectrometer system for real-time automatic evaluation of tissue injury are described. An apparatus includes an electromagnetic signal generator; an optical fiber connected to the electromagnetic signal generator; a fiber optic probe connected to the optical fiber; a broad band spectrometer connected to the fiber optic probe; and a hybrid neural network connected to the broad band spectrometer. The hybrid neural network includes a principle component analyzer of broad band spectral data obtained from said broad band spectrometer.

摘要翻译： 描述了使用基于神经网络的便携式吸收光谱仪系统的实时自动评估组织损伤的系统和方法。 一种装置包括电磁信号发生器; 连接到电磁信号发生器的光纤; 连接到光纤的光纤探针; 连接到光纤探头的宽带光谱仪; 以及连接到宽带光谱仪的混合神经网络。 混合神经网络包括从所述宽带光谱仪获得的宽带光谱数据的主成分分析仪。

公开(公告)号：US5994707A

公开(公告)日：1999-11-30

申请号：US819050

申请日：1997-03-18

申请人： Edgar A. Mendoza ,  James E. Sorenson ,  Robert A. Lieberman ,  Thomas C. Forrester

发明人： Edgar A. Mendoza ,  James E. Sorenson ,  Robert A. Lieberman ,  Thomas C. Forrester

IPC分类号： G01N21/64

CPC分类号： G01N21/645 ,  G01N2021/6419 ,  G01N2021/6421 ,  G01N2021/6484 ,  G01N2201/0221 ,  G01N2201/0245 ,  G01N2201/086

摘要： A low cost portable fiber optic fluorometer is packaged as a personal computer peripheral and is based on interchangeable modules. One embodiment of the fluorometer comprises an excitation source, a detector, a signal processor, frequency source, wavelength selector, and an optical interface. The optical interface is exclusively fiber optic-based, thereby simplifying optical alignment and reducing the cost of the fluorometer. In another embodiment, the excitation source is an inexpensive monochromatic excitation source. In this case, the monochromatic excitation source and the first wavelength selector are preferably removable and replaceable, so that the fluorometer is advantageously able to generate different excitation wavelengths and detect different emission wavelengths. A fluorescence measurement method comprises the steps of generating an excitation signal; transmitting the excitation signal to a system under study which, in response, generates an emission signal; and detecting both the excitation signal and the emission signal with the fluorometer, and then using the detected excitation signal as a reference signal to calibrate the fluorometer and to nullify distortion errors in the emission signal. The use of the excitation signal as a reference signal provides an advantageously simple way to calibrate the fluorometer and to nullify distortion errors in the emission signal. An alternative method allows the precise shapes of the emission signal and the excitation signal to be profiled. The fluorometry method and apparatus can both advantageously be used for performing both direct fluorescence lifetime measurements and for performing phase fluorometry.

摘要翻译： 低成本便携式光纤荧光计作为个人计算机外围设备封装，并且基于可互换的模块。 荧光计的一个实施例包括激发源，检测器，信号处理器，频率源，波长选择器和光学接口。 光接口仅仅是基于光纤的，从而简化了光学对准并降低了荧光计的成本。 在另一个实施例中，激发源是便宜的单色激发源。 在这种情况下，单色激发源和第一波长选择器优选是可移除和可更换的，使得荧光计有利地能够产生不同的激发波长并检测不同的发射波长。 荧光测量方法包括产生激励信号的步骤; 将激励信号传输到被研究的系统，其响应地产生发射信号; 并用荧光计检测激发信号和发射信号，然后使用检测到的激发信号作为参考信号来校准荧光计，并消除发射信号中的失真误差。 使用激励信号作为参考信号提供校准荧光计并消除发射信号中的失真误差的有利的简单方式。 替代方法允许对发射信号和激励信号的精确形状进行轮廓分析。 荧光测定方法和装置可以有利地用于进行直接荧光寿命测量和用于进行相位荧光测定。

公开(公告)号：US5886675A

公开(公告)日：1999-03-23

申请号：US498423

申请日：1995-07-05

申请人： Tin M. Aye ,  Tomasz P. Jannson ,  Andrew Kostrzewski ,  Gajendra D. Savant

发明人： Tin M. Aye ,  Tomasz P. Jannson ,  Andrew Kostrzewski ,  Gajendra D. Savant

IPC分类号： G02B27/22 ,  G03H1/26 ,  G09G3/00 ,  H04N13/04 ,  G09G5/00

CPC分类号： G09G3/003 ,  G02B27/225 ,  G03H1/26 ,  G09G3/002 ,  G03H1/0486

摘要： An autostereoscopic display system including: I) image signal electronics; II) a first projector including: A) a first light source 33; B) a first spatial light modulator 35 optically connected to said first light source and electrically connected to said image signal electronics; and C) a first image delivery system optically connected to said first spatial light modulator; III) a second projector connected to said first projector, said second projector including: A) a second light source 34; B) a second spatial light modulator 36 optically connected to said second light source and electrically connected to said image signal electronics; and C) a second image delivery system optically connected to said second spatial light modulator; IV) a fan-out multiplexer 39 optically connected to both said first image delivery system and said second image delivery system, said fan-out multiplexer being characterized by a viewing zone period and a viewing region period; and V) a binary head tracker 40 electrically connected to said image signal electronics, said binary head tracker including a camera 42 and a circuit board. The system provides the capability for real-time autostereoscopic display together with an impressive look-around feature.

摘要翻译： 一种自动立体显示系统，包括：I）图像信号电子; II）第一投影仪，包括：A）第一光源33; B）第一空间光调制器35，其光学连接到所述第一光源并电连接到所述图像信号电子器件; 和C）与所述第一空间光调制器光学连接的第一图像传送系统; III）连接到所述第一投影仪的第二投影仪，所述第二投影仪包括：A）第二光源34; B）第二空间光调制器36，其光学连接到所述第二光源并电连接到所述图像信号电子器件; 和C）与所述第二空间光调制器光学连接的第二图像传送系统; IV）与所述第一图像传送系统和所述第二图像传送系统光学连接的扇出多路复用器39，所述扇出多路复用器的特征在于观看区域周期和观看区域周期; 和V）电连接到所述图像信号电子装置的二进制头跟踪器40，所述二进制头跟踪器包括相机42和电路板。 该系统提供实时自动立体显示功能，以及令人印象深刻的环绕功能。

公开(公告)号：US5815124A

公开(公告)日：1998-09-29

申请号：US688402

申请日：1996-07-30

申请人： Vladimir A. Manasson ,  Lev S. Sadovnik ,  Paul I. Shnitser

发明人： Vladimir A. Manasson ,  Lev S. Sadovnik ,  Paul I. Shnitser

IPC分类号： H01Q3/02 ,  H01Q3/12 ,  H01Q13/28 ,  H01Q13/00

CPC分类号： H01Q13/28 ,  H01Q3/02 ,  H01Q3/12

摘要： A scanning antenna is disclosed including: a rotatable cylinder having an outer surface; a continuously, or steppingly, varying period conductive grating pattern of separated strips on the outer surface, the varying conductive grating pattern of separated strips defining a grating axis; and a first elongated dielectric waveguide defining a first waveguide axis, the first elongated dielectric waveguide being located proximally adjacent and alongside the varying conductive grating pattern of separated strips so as to evanescently couple electromagnetic signals with the first elongated dielectric waveguide. The scanning antenna provides advantages in that the gain is high.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种扫描天线，包括：具有外表面的可旋转圆筒; 在外表面上分开的带的连续或步进的变化周期的导电光栅图案，分离的带的变化的导电光栅图案限定光栅轴线; 以及限定第一波导轴的第一细长电介质波导，所述第一细长介质波导位于所述分离带的变化的导电光栅图案的近侧附近并且与所述第一细长介质波导相邻并且与所述第一细长介质波导的电磁信号消逝地耦合。 扫描天线具有增益高的优点。

公开(公告)号：US5764317A

公开(公告)日：1998-06-09

申请号：US494334

申请日：1995-06-26

申请人： Lev S. Sadovnik ,  Alexander Rizkin

发明人： Lev S. Sadovnik ,  Alexander Rizkin

IPC分类号： G02B27/22 ,  H04N13/00 ,  G02F1/13 ,  G02F1/1335 ,  G02F1/1347 ,  G02F1/1333

CPC分类号： H04N13/0495 ,  G02B27/2278 ,  H04N13/0048 ,  H04N13/0497 ,  H04N13/0018 ,  H04N13/0055 ,  H04N13/0059 ,  H04N13/0203 ,  H04N13/0285 ,  H04N13/0402 ,  H04N13/0422 ,  H04N13/0434 ,  H04N13/044 ,  H04N13/0459

摘要： A volumetric multi-layer screen including a plurality of electrically switchable layers that are stacked and coextensive, each of the plurality of electrically switchable layers including: a first transparent dielectric substrate having a first side and a second side; a first transparent electrode coated on the first side of the first transparent substrate; and an electrically switchable polymer dispersed liquid-crystal film coated on the first transparent electrode. The electrically switchable polymer dispersed liquid-crystal film includes a) a host polymer having an index of refraction and b) a nematic liquid crystal having i) an ordinary index of refraction that substantially matches the index of refraction of the host polymer when an electric field is applied across the electrically switchable polymer dispersed liquid-crystal film from the first transparent electrode, and ii) an extraordinary index of refraction that causes visible light to be scattered at a host polymer/nematic liquid crystal interface when the electric field is not applied across the electrically switchable polymer dispersed liquid-crystal film by the first transparent electrode.

摘要翻译： 一种体积多层屏幕，包括堆叠并共同层叠的多个电可切换层，所述多个电可切换层中的每一个包括：具有第一侧和第二侧的第一透明电介质基板; 涂覆在第一透明基板的第一面上的第一透明电极; 以及涂布在第一透明电极上的可电分解聚合物分散的液晶膜。 电可开关聚合物分散液晶膜包括a）具有折射率的主体聚合物和b）向列型液晶，其具有以下特征：i）当电场与基质聚合物的折射率基本一致时， 被施加在可开关聚合物分散液晶膜上的第一透明电极上，以及ii）当不施加电场时，导致可见光在主体聚合物/向列型液晶界面处散射的异常折射率 所述电可开关聚合物通过所述第一透明电极分散液晶膜。

公开(公告)号：US5609939A

公开(公告)日：1997-03-11

申请号：US355818

申请日：1994-12-14

申请人： Joel Petersen ,  Jeremy Lerner

发明人： Joel Petersen ,  Jeremy Lerner

IPC分类号： G03B21/60 ,  G03B21/62 ,  G03F7/00

CPC分类号： G03B21/62 ,  G03B21/60 ,  G03F7/0005 ,  G03F7/001 ,  G03H1/32 ,  G03H2223/14 ,  Y10S428/913 ,  Y10T428/24355 ,  Y10T428/24479 ,  Y10T428/31529

摘要： A viewing screen for incident light including a sheet of embossable material in which a first micro-sculpted surface relief structure that controls the direction in which light propagates has been formed by replicating in the sheet of embossable material a second micro-sculpted surface structure that controls the direction in which light propagates, the second micro-sculpted surface structure having been formed in a photosensitive medium having a refractive index by (i) generating random, disordered and non-planar speckle in the photosensitive medium with coherent light which has been diffused through a holographic diffuser so as to define non-discontinuous and smoothly varying changes in the refractive index of the photosensitive medium which scatter collimated light into a controlled pattern with smooth brightness variation and (ii) developing the photosensitive medium, the incident light being incident on and returned from the viewing screen to a viewing area, the viewing screen controlling the direction of the incident light that is emanating from the viewing screen to the viewing area and increasing brightness in the viewing area relative to an area outside the viewing area.

摘要翻译： 一种用于入射光的观察屏幕，包括可压纹材料片，其中通过在可压纹材料片中复制控制光传播方向的第一微型雕刻表面浮雕结构，其中第二微雕刻表面结构控制 光传播的方向，第二微雕刻表面结构已经形成在具有折射率的感光介质中，（i）在感光介质中产生随机，无序和非平面斑点，其中相干光已经被扩散通过 全息漫射器，以便限定光敏介质的折射率的非不连续和平滑变化的变化，其将准直光分散成具有平滑亮度变化的受控图案，以及（ii）显影感光介质，入射光入射到其上， 从观看屏幕返回到观看区域，观看屏幕 将从观看屏幕发出的入射光的方向拖动到观看区域，并且相对于观看区域外的区域增加观看区域中的亮度。

公开(公告)号：US5572228A

公开(公告)日：1996-11-05

申请号：US382493

申请日：1995-02-01

申请人： Vladimir A. Manasson ,  Lev S. Sadovnik ,  Paul I. Shnitser

发明人： Vladimir A. Manasson ,  Lev S. Sadovnik ,  Paul I. Shnitser

IPC分类号： H01Q3/02 ,  H01Q3/12 ,  H01Q13/28 ,  H01Q13/00

CPC分类号： H01Q13/28 ,  H01Q3/02 ,  H01Q3/12

摘要： A scanning antenna is disclosed including: a rotatable cylinder having an outer surface; a varying period conductive grating pattern of separated strips on the outer surface, the varying conductive grating pattern of separated strips defining a grating axis; and a first elongated dielectric waveguide defining a first waveguide axis, the first elongated dielectric waveguide being located proximally adjacent and alongside the varying conductive grating pattern of separated strips so as to evanescently couple electromagnetic signals with the first elongated dielectric waveguide. The scanning antenna provides advantages in that the gain is high.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种扫描天线，包括：具有外表面的可旋转圆筒; 在外表面上的分离条带的变化周期导电光栅图案，分离条纹的变化导电光栅图案限定光栅轴线; 以及限定第一波导轴的第一细长电介质波导，所述第一细长介质波导位于所述分离带的变化的导电光栅图案的近侧附近并且与所述第一细长介质波导相邻并且与所述第一细长介质波导的电磁信号消逝地耦合。 扫描天线具有增益高的优点。