Abstract:
The disclosure provides a SOFC comprised of an electrolyte, anode, and cathode, where the cathode comprises an MIEC and an oxygen-reducing layer. The oxygen-reducing layer is in contact with the MIEC, and the MIEC is generally between and separating the oxygen-reducing layer and the electrolyte. The oxygen-reducing layer is comprised of single element oxides, single element carbonates, or mixtures thereof, and has a thickness of less than about 30 nm. In a particular embodiment, the thickness is less than 5 nm. In another embodiment, the thickness is about 3 monolayers or less. The oxygen-reducing layer may be a continuous film or a discontinuous film with various coverage ratios. The oxygen-reducing layer at the thicknesses described may be generated on the MIEC surface using means known in the art such as, for example, ALD processes.
Abstract:
A method of hydrogenation utilizing a reactant gas mixture comprising a carbon oxide and a hydrogen agent, and a hydrogenation catalyst comprising a mixed-metal oxide containing metal sites supported and/or incorporated into the lattice. The mixed-metal oxide comprises a pyrochlore, a brownmillerite, or mixtures thereof doped at the A-site or the B-site. The metal site may comprise a deposited metal, where the deposited metal is a transition metal, an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, or mixtures thereof. Contact between the carbon oxide, hydrogen agent, and hydrogenation catalyst under appropriate conditions of temperature, pressure and gas flow rate generate a hydrogenation reaction and produce a hydrogenated product made up of carbon from the carbon oxide and some portion of the hydrogen agent. The carbon oxide may be CO, CO2, or mixtures thereof and the hydrogen agent may be H2. In a particular embodiment, the hydrogenated product comprises olefins, paraffins, or mixtures thereof.
Abstract:
The invention relates to compositions and methods for the modulation of the permeability of the epithelial cell barrier complex. In particular, the invention provides compositions and methods for using polysaccharides, preferably glycosaminoglycans, and agents that modify cell surface glycosaminoglycans, preferably glycosaminoglycan-degrading enzymes to modulate intercellular junctions. The compositions and methods provided can be used to facilitate the delivery of biologically active molecules.
Abstract:
This invention relates generally to NMR systems for in vivo detection of analytes. More particularly, in certain embodiments, the invention relates to systems in which superparamagnetic nanoparticles are exposed to a magnetic field and radio frequency (RF) excitation at or near the Larmor frequency, such that the aggregation and/or disaggregation of the nanoparticles caused by the presence and/or concentration of a given analyte in a biological fluid is detected in vivo from a monitored RF echo response.
Abstract:
The present invention provides for compounds of Formula I: wherein X—N and R1-R4 have any of the values disclosed in the specification. The compounds of Formula I are useful as reagents to introduce N-alkyl nucleosides into DNA oligonucleotides. The present invention also provides for methods of synthesizing the compounds of Formula I.
Abstract:
The present disclosure identifies pathways and mechanisms to confer production of carbon-based products of interest such as ethanol, ethylene, chemicals, polymers, n-alkanes, isoprenoids, pharmaceutical products or intermediates thereof in photoautotrophic organisms such that these organisms efficiently convert carbon dioxide and light into carbon-based products of interest, and in particular the use of such organisms for the commercial production of ethanol, ethylene, chemicals, polymers, n-alkanes, isoprenoids, pharmaceutical products or intermediates thereof.
Abstract:
The invention provides methods and compositions for reducing the number of cancer stem cells in a mixed population of differentiated cells (for example, cancer cells) and cancer stem cells. The cancer stem cells, if present, can be more resistant to traditional drug-based therapies and can provide a source for new, differentiated cancer cells associated with the development of drug-resistance and more aggressive phenotypes. When combined with traditional cancer therapies, for example, drug-based therapies, the methods and compositions of the invention provide a more effective way for treating cancer and can provide a model system for developing new cancer therapies and new treatment modalities.
Abstract:
The invention relates, in part, to compositions comprising glycosaminoglycans, fragments of glycosaminoglycans or glycosaminoglycan fractions. The compositions provided can be used in various methods of modulating FGF and/or VEGF activity. The method can be in vitro or in vivo methods. Therefore, the invention also relates, in part, to methods of treating a subject with the compositions provided.
Abstract:
A punch press tool for stamping successive multicharacter impressions into a workpiece such as a piece of steel, sheet metal, or other workpiece, includes a guide body in which a stamp driver is slidably mounted for being driven downwardly toward the workpiece by a punch press ram which is a standard part of a high speed commercial punch press. A multicharacter marking stamp is supported at the lower end of the stamp driver for reciprocal movement therewith. The marking stamp includes multicharacter wheels that are rotated automatically during operation for advancing characters in sequence responsive to the movement of a character advancing arm. At least one character stamp operating lever is operatively associated with the punch press tool for articulation responsive to motion imparted to the tool by the ram. The lever has an operating element that is operatively associated with the character advancing arm of the multicharacter stamp for indexing the arm to enable successive characters thereof to be placed in an operating position responsive to a stroke of the punch press ram.
Abstract:
High density information discs comprising a conductive carbon-loaded polyvinylchloride disc lubricated with a fractionated methyl alkyl siloxane lubricant which contains a hexaalkyldisilazane additive.