Abstract:
In a process for producing cyclohexylbenzene, benzene and hydrogen are fed to at least one reaction zone. The benzene and hydrogen are then contacted in the at least one reaction zone under hydroalkylation conditions with a catalyst system comprising a molecular sieve having an X-ray diffraction pattern including d-spacing maxima at 12.4±0.25, 6.9±0.15, 3.57±0.07 and 3.42±0.07 Angstrom, and at least one hydrogenation metal to produce an effluent containing cyclohexylbenzene. The ratio of the total number of moles of hydrogen fed to said at least one reaction zone to the number of moles of benzene fed to said at least one reaction zone is between 0.4 and 0.9:1.
Abstract:
In a process for producing cyclohexylbenzene, hydrogen and a liquid feed comprising benzene are introduced into a reaction zone and are contacted in the reaction zone under hydroalkylation conditions to produce cyclohexylbenzene. An effluent stream comprising cyclohexylbenzene and unreacted benzene is removed from the reaction zone and is divided into at least first and second portions, wherein the mass ratio of the effluent stream first portion to the effluent stream second portion is at least 2:1. The effluent stream first portion is then cooled and the cooled effluent stream first portion is recycled to the reaction zone.
Abstract:
In a process for producing cyclohexylbenzene, benzene and hydrogen are fed to at least one reaction zone. The benzene and hydrogen are then contacted in the at least one reaction zone under hydroalkylation conditions with a catalyst system comprising a molecular sieve having an X-ray diffraction pattern including d-spacing maxima at 12.4±0.25, 6.9±0.15, 3.57±0.07 and 3.42±0.07 Angstrom, and at least one hydrogenation metal to produce an effluent containing cyclohexylbenzene. The catalyst system has an acid-to-metal molar ratio of from about 75 to about 750.
Abstract:
In a process for producing cyclohexylbenzene, benzene and hydrogen are fed to at least one reaction zone. The benzene and hydrogen are then contacted in the at least one reaction zone under hydroalkylation conditions with a catalyst system comprising a molecular sieve having an X-ray diffraction pattern including d-spacing maxima at 12.4±0.25, 6.9±0.15, 3.57±0.07 and 3.42±0.07 Angstrom, and at least one hydrogenation metal to produce an effluent containing cyclohexylbenzene. The ratio of the total number of moles of hydrogen fed to said at least one reaction zone to the number of moles of benzene fed to said at least one reaction zone is between 0.4 and 0.9:1.
Abstract:
An oxygenate conversion catalyst useful in the conversion of oxygenates such as methanol to olefinic products may be improved by the use of a catalyst combination based on a molecular sieve in combination with a co-catalyst comprising a mixed metal oxide composition which has oxidation/reduction functionality under the conditions of the conversion. This metal oxide co-catalyst component will comprise a mixed oxide of one or more, preferably at least two, transition metals, usually of Series 4, 5 or 6 of the Periodic Table, with the metals of Series 4 being preferred, as an essential component of the mixed oxide composition. The preferred transition metals are those of Groups 5, especially titanium and vanadium, Group 6, especially chromium or molybdenum, Group 7, especially manganese and Group 8, especially cobalt or nickel. Other metal oxides may also be present. The preferred molecular sieve components in these catalysts are the high silica zeolites and the SAPOs, especially the small pore SAPOs (8-membered rings), such as SAPO-34. These catalyst combinations exhibit reduced coke selectivity have the potential of achieving extended catalyst life. In addition, these catalysts have the capability of selectively converting the hydrogen produced during the conversion to liquid products, mainly water, reducing the demand on reactor volume and product handling.
Abstract:
There is provided a catalyst composition having improved hydrothermal stability for the catalytic cracking of a hydrocarbon feedstock to selectively produce propylene. The catalyst composition comprises a first crystalline molecular sieve selected from the group consisting of IM-5, MWW, ITH, FER, MFS, AEL, and AFO and an effective amount of a stabilization metal (copper, zirconium, or mixtures thereof) exchanged into the molecular sieve. The catalyst finds application in the cracking of naphtha and heavy hydrocarbon feedstocks. When used in the catalytic cracking of heavier hydrocarbon feedstocks, the catalyst composition preferably comprises a second molecular sieve having a pore size that is greater than the pore size of the first molecular sieve. The process is carried out by contacting a feedstock containing hydrocarbons having at least 4 carbon atoms is contacted, under catalytic cracking conditions, with the catalyst composition.
Abstract:
A promoter can have utility in selective heterogeneous oxidation of arylalkyl hydrocarbons such as, for example, cyclohexyl benzene and/or sec-butyl benzene to form hydroperoxides. The promoter can include the product of contacting a solid support comprising a metal oxide surface and an iron compound. The solid support can include, for example, titanium dioxide and/or an iron oxide such as magnetite and can have magnetic susceptibility. A method for the oxidation of arylalkyl hydrocarbons to form hydroperoxides can include contacting 16 an arylalkyl hydrocarbon with oxygen in the presence of the promoter under catalytic oxidation conditions to form arylalkyl hydroperoxide, which can then be converted to phenol via cleavage 26. The method can include recovery 22 of the promoter from the arylalkyl hydroperoxide and can further include recycling the recovered promoter to the contacting 16. Where the solid support has magnetic susceptibility, the recovery 22 can include magnetic separation of the promoter.
Abstract:
An oxygenate conversion catalyst useful in the conversion of oxygenates such as methanol to olefinic products may be improved by the use of a catalyst combination based on a molecular sieve in combination with a co-catalyst comprising a mixed metal oxide composition which has oxidation/reduction functionality under the conditions of the conversion. This metal oxide co-catalyst component will comprise a mixed oxide of one or more, preferably at least two, transition metals, usually of Series 4, 5 or 6 of the Periodic Table, with the metals of Series 4 being preferred, as an essential component of the mixed oxide composition. The preferred transition metals are those of Groups 5, especially titanium and vanadium, Group 6, especially chromium or molybdenum, Group 7, especially manganese and Group 8, especially cobalt or nickel. Other metal oxides may also be present. The preferred molecular sieve components in these catalysts are the high silica zeolites and the SAPOs, especially the small pore SAPOs (8-membered rings), such as SAPO-34. These catalyst combinations exhibit reduced coke selectivity have the potential of achieving extended catalyst life. In addition, these catalysts have the capability of selectively converting the hydrogen produced during the conversion to liquid products, mainly water, reducing the demand on reactor volume and product handling.
Abstract:
A multi component catalyst and catalytic cracking process for selectively producing C3 olefins. The catalyst comprises a first molecular sieve having an intermediate pore size, a second molecular sieve and, optionally a third molecular sieve having a large pore size. At least one of the channels of the second molecular sieve has a pore size index that is less than the pore size index of at least one channel of the first molecular sieve. The process is carried out by contacting a feedstock containing hydrocarbons having at least 5 carbon atoms is contacted, under catalytic cracking conditions, with the multi component catalyst. The catalyst finds application in the cracking of naphtha and heavy hydrocarbon feedstocks.
Abstract:
A process for producing propylene from a catalytically cracked or thermally cracked naphtha stream is disclosed herein. The naphtha stream is contacted with a catalyst containing from about 10 to 50 wt. % of a crystalline zeolite having an average pore diameter less than about 0.7 nanometers at reaction conditions which include temperatures from about 500° C. to 650° C. and a hydrocarbon partial pressure from about 10 to 40 psia. A separate stream containing aromatics may be co-fed with the naphtha stream.