摘要:
A process for producing 1-(p-prenylphenyl)ethanol, which comprises reacting p-chloroprenylbenzene with magnesium at a temperature between 100.degree. C. and 150.degree. C. to form a Grignard reagent, and then reacting it with acetaldehyde.
摘要:
A process for producing an .alpha.-arylalkanoic acid ester represented by the general formula ##STR1## wherein Ar represents an aryl group which may optionally be substituted, and R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, independently from each other, represent a lower alkyl group,which comprises reacting a Grignard reagent prepared from an aryl halide of the general formulaAr--X.sup.1 (II)wherein Ar is as defined above and X.sup.1 represents a halogen atom,and magnesium, with an .alpha.-haloalkanoic acid ester of the general formula ##STR2## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are as defined above, and X.sup.2 represents a halogen atom,said reaction of the Grignard reagent with the .alpha.-haloalkanoic acid ester of general formula (III) being carried out in the presence of a nickel compound.
摘要:
An organic halide (1) having the general formula: ##STR1## wherein X is a halogen atom, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 is a hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon group or a halogenated hydrocarbon group, R.sup.1 may be a group having the formula: ##STR2## wherein R is an aliphatic, alicyclic or aromatic radical, and R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 may be a group consisting of -CH.sub.2 OH or its esters; is produced by reacting an organic halide (2) having the formula: ##STR3## wherein X, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 is the same as above, respectively; with the compound having the formula: ##STR4## wherein R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 is the same as above, respectively, in the presence of a cationic catalyst at the temperature of from -78.degree. C. to 80.degree. C.
摘要:
A semiconductor device and a manufacturing method thereof in which the peripheral length of an aperture and the mechanical strength of cylinders in a cell can be increased without changing the occupation rate of patterns in the cell. By forming a slit in the middle of each mask pattern so as not to expose parts of wafer, the aperture of the wafer becomes nearly cocoon-shaped with a constriction in the middle. Thereby, the peripheral length of the aperture can be increased without changing the occupation rate of the mask patterns in a cell. Further, the shape of the bottom of the aperture also becomes nearly cocoon-shaped with a constriction in the middle, and therefore it is possible to increase the mechanical strength of cylinders.
摘要:
A semiconductor device and a manufacturing method thereof in which the peripheral length of an aperture and the mechanical strength of cylinders in a cell can be increased without changing the occupation rate of patterns in the cell. By forming a slit in the middle of each mask pattern so as not to expose parts of wafer, the aperture of the wafer becomes nearly cocoon-shaped with a constriction in the middle. Thereby, the peripheral length of the aperture can be increased without changing the occupation rate of the mask patterns in a cell. Further, the shape of the bottom of the aperture also becomes nearly cocoon-shaped with a constriction in the middle, and therefore it is possible to increase the mechanical strength of cylinders.
摘要:
A semiconductor static random access memory having a high .alpha.-ray immunity and a high packing density is provided which is also capable of high-speed operation. A semiconductor memory device comprises static random access memory cells each including a flip-flop circuit. Storage nodes of each flip-flop circuit have respective pn-junctions formed at regions sandwiched between gate electrodes of first insulated gate field effect transistors and gate electrodes of second insulated gate field effect transistors, respectively. The pn-junction has an area smaller than that of a channel portion of the first or second insulated gate field effect transistor. The gate electrode of one of the two first insulated gate field effect transistors and the drain region of the other insulated gate field effect transistor, on one hand, and the drain region of the one insulated gate field effect transistor and the gate electrode of the other insulated gate field effect transistor, on the other hand, are electrically cross-coupled mutually through first and second electrically conductive films, respectively. Also, to increase packing density and enhance immunity to soft error, the gate electrodes of the first and second insulated gate field effect transistors extend substantially in parallel with one another and the channel regions of the first and second insulated gate field effect transistors extend substantially in parallel with one another.
摘要:
A polyprenyl composition consisting essentially of a mixture of polyprenyl compounds represented by the following formula ##STR1## wherein A.sub.1 represents a hydroxyl or acetyloxy group, ##STR2## represents a trans-isoprene unit, ##STR3## represents a cis-isoprene unit, and n is an integer of from 11 to 19, said mixture containing substantial amounts of at least three compounds of formula (I) wherein n represents 14, 15 and 16 respectively as essential ingredients in a total amount of at least 70% by weight based on the weight of the mixture; and new compounds derived from the polyprenyl compounds of formula (I). These composition and compounds are useful for the synthesis of mammalian dolichols. The polyprenyl composition can be prepared by extracting the leaves of Ginkgo biloba or Cedrus deodara with an oil-soluble organic solvent; if required, hydrolyzing the extract; and subjecting the extract to one or more of chromatography, fractional dissolution, fractional refrigerating precipitation and molecular distillation, thereby separating and recovering a fraction having a specified Rf value in silica thin-layer chromatography.
摘要:
A method for detecting microorganisms, which comprises: a training step for forming, by a classifier, feature vectors based on color data on individual points within a subject region of training in a culture medium, mapping the points in the culture medium, that are specified by the feature vectors, on a high-dimensional feature space, and linearly separating a set of the points ψ (x1), that are specified by the high-dimensional feature vectors thus obtained, to thereby color-classify the class (C1) of the culture medium; and a identifying step for forming, by a classifier, feature vectors based on color data on individual inspection points within a region in the culture medium using image data obtained by capturing an image of the culture medium under cultivation, mapping the inspection points (xj), that are specified by the feature vectors, on a high-dimensional feature space, and determining whether or not the mapped points ψ (xj), that are specified by the high-dimensional feature vectors thus obtained, belong to the class (C1) of the culture medium, thereby identifying a colony based on inspection points not belonging to the class (C1) of the culture medium.
摘要:
An image stabilization apparatus of the present invention includes a detection unit which detects an amount of an image blur between a plurality of image data, an evaluation unit which selects at least one image data to use in correcting image blur from the plurality of image data according to a result of the detection of the amount of image blur, and a correction unit which generates image data with its image blur corrected using the image data selected by the evaluation unit.
摘要:
An electronic device draws pictures with a plurality of color on a monitor 90. A sound making processing unit 108 reads a color displayed at a position commanded by a touch pen 28 and makes sounds corresponding to the read color. A movable body drawing unit 106 generates a movable body corresponding to a color displayed on the monitor 90 and draws the movable body so as to move the same corresponding to the color. Image processing can be conducted on pictures drawn on the monitor screen by game players.