Abstract:
A nonvolatile memory device includes a voltage generator that sequentially provides a first setup voltage and second setup voltage to a word line of a memory cell array, and control logic including a time control unit that determines a word line setup time for the word line in relation to the second setup voltage based on a difference between the first and second setup voltages.
Abstract:
A monomer represented by Chemical Formula 1-1 wherein in Chemical Formula 1-1, Z, L1, L2, R1 to R6, n, m, p, and a to f are the same as defined in the detailed description.
Abstract:
An method of operating a memory system including a plurality of memory cells includes changing an operation mode at least some of the memory cells which operate based on a first operation mode to operate based on a second operation mode; and performing a change erase operation on the memory cells for which an operation mode is changed on the basis of a change erase condition when the operation mode is changed. When memory cells operate in the first operation mode, a normal erase operation is performed based on a first erase condition, and when memory cells operate in the second operation mode, a normal erase operation is performed based on a second erase condition. The change erase condition is different from at least one of the first and second erase conditions.
Abstract:
In one embodiment, the method includes determining, at the memory controller, a status of a selected page of memory based on a program/erase cycle count for a block of the memory. The block of the memory includes the selected page. The program/erase cycle count indicates a number of times the block has been erased. The status is selected from a plurality of status states. The status states include a normal state, a weak state and a bad state.
Abstract:
A method of programming a storage device comprises determining whether at least one open page exists in a memory block of a nonvolatile memory device, and as a consequence of determining that at least one open page exists in the memory block, closing the at least one open page through a dummy pattern program operation, and thereafter performing a continuous writing operation on the memory block.
Abstract:
A nonvolatile memory device may include a memory cell array which is arranged in rows and columns and has multi-level memory cells; a voltage generator providing a plurality of read voltages to a selected row of the memory cell array; and control logic performing a plurality of page read operations using the read voltages. A first read voltage and a second read voltage among the plurality of read voltages are each associated with a higher probability of occurrence of a bit read error than at least one other read voltage among the plurality of read voltages. The control logic uses the first read voltage and the second read voltage in different page read operations than each other.
Abstract:
Provided is a liposome comprising a lipid bilayer and a sonosensitizer that is disposed in and/or on the lipid bilayer, wherein the sonosensitizer self-assembles to form aggregates when exposed to ultrasound; and a method of efficiently delivering an active agent to a target site in the body of a subject using the sonosensitive liposome.
Abstract:
A data storage device includes a non-volatile memory device which includes a memory cell array; and a memory controller which includes a buffer memory. The operating method of the data storage device includes storing data in the buffer memory, and determining whether the data stored in the buffer memory is data accompanying a buffer program operation of the memory cell array. When the data stored in the buffer memory is data accompanying the buffer program operation, the method further includes determining whether a main program operation on the memory cell array is required, and when a main program operation on the memory cell array is required, determining a program pattern of the main program operation on the memory cell array. The method further includes issuing a set of commands for the main program operation on the memory cell array to the multi-bit memory device based on the program pattern.
Abstract:
There is disclosed an electrode including a substrate, a conductive material layer on the substrate, an insulating layer comprising an electrode layer on the conductive material layer, and a groove region in at least a portion of the insulating layer, and the electrode layer is extended into the groove region, and the conductive material layer is exposed to the groove region.
Abstract:
A semiconductor package includes a base chip, a first semiconductor chip on the base chip, and a first fillet layer between the base chip and the first semiconductor chip. The base chip includes a base substrate, a plurality of through-electrodes penetrating through the base substrate, a protective layer surrounding the plurality of through-electrodes and covering an upper surface of the base substrate, and a plurality of trenches vertically penetrating the protective layer. The plurality of through-electrodes form a transistor area on the base substrate, and the plurality of trenches include first trenches disposed between adjacent through-vias in the transistor area and second trenches disposed in an outer side portion of the transistor area.