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公开(公告)号：US20150236235A1
公开(公告)日：2015-08-20
申请号：US14600962
申请日：2015-01-20
Applicant: D-Wave Systems Inc.
Inventor： Eric Ladizinsky , Nicolas Ladizinsky , Jason Yao , Byong Hyop Oh , Richard David Neufeld
CPC classification number: H01L39/2493 , H01L27/18 , H01L39/223
Abstract: In one aspect, fabricating a superconductive integrated circuit with a Josephson junction includes applying oxygen or nitrogen to at least part of a structure formed from an outer superconductive layer to passivate an artifact, if any, left from removing the portion of the outer superconductive layer. In another aspect, a first superconductive layer is deposited, a second superconductive layer is deposited on the first superconductive layer, an oxide layer is formed on the first superconductive layer, a dielectric layer is deposited on the oxide layer, a portion of the dielectric layer is removed, a first portion of the oxide layer is removed, a second oxide portion is formed in place of the first portion of the oxide layer, and a third superconductive layer is deposited on the dielectric layer and the second oxide portion.
Abstract translation: 一方面，制造具有约瑟夫逊结的超导集成电路包括将氧或氮施加到由外部超导层形成的结构的至少一部分，以钝化去除外部超导层的部分留下的伪影（如果有的话）。 在另一方面，沉积第一超导层，在第一超导层上沉积第二超导层，在第一超导层上形成氧化物层，在氧化物层上沉积介电层，介电层的一部分 ，去除氧化物层的第一部分，形成第二氧化物部分代替氧化物层的第一部分，并且在介电层和第二氧化物部分上沉积第三超导层。
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62.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20150193692A1
公开(公告)日：2015-07-09
申请号：US14540944
申请日：2014-11-13
Applicant: D-Wave Systems Inc.
Inventor： Robert Israel
Abstract: Methods and systems to find quantum binary optimization problems and associated gap values employing a variety of techniques.
Abstract translation: 使用各种技术找到量子二进制优化问题和相关差距值的方法和系统。
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63.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20150187840A1
公开(公告)日：2015-07-02
申请号：US14589574
申请日：2015-01-05
Applicant: D-Wave Systems Inc.
Inventor： Eric Ladizinsky , Geordie Rose , Jeremy P. Hilton , Eugene Dantsker , Byong Hyop Oh
CPC classification number: H01L27/18 , B82Y10/00 , G06N99/002 , H01L28/24 , H01L39/025 , H01L39/223 , H01L39/2406 , H01L39/2493 , Y10S977/707 , Y10S977/723 , Y10S977/943
Abstract: Various techniques and apparatus permit fabrication of superconductive circuits and structures, for instance Josephson junctions, which may, for example be useful in quantum computers. For instance, a low magnetic flux noise trilayer structure may be fabricated having a dielectric structure or layer interposed between two elements or layers capable of superconducting. A superconducting via may directly overlie a Josephson junction. A structure, for instance a Josephson junction, may be carried on a planarized dielectric layer. A fin may be employed to remove heat from the structure. A via capable of superconducting may have a width that is less than about 1 micrometer. The structure may be coupled to a resistor, for example by vias and/or a strap connector.
Abstract translation: 各种技术和设备允许制造超导电路和结构，例如约瑟夫逊结，其可以例如在量子计算机中有用。 例如，可以制造具有插入在能够超导的两个元件或层之间的电介质结构或层的低磁通量噪声三层结构。 超导通孔可以直接覆盖约瑟夫逊结。 诸如约瑟夫逊结的结构可以承载在平坦化的电介质层上。 可以使用翅片来除去结构中的热量。 能够超导的通孔可以具有小于约1微米的宽度。 该结构可以例如通过通孔和/或带连接器耦合到电阻器。
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64.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20150119252A1
公开(公告)日：2015-04-30
申请号：US14383837
申请日：2013-03-07
Applicant: D-Wave Systems Inc.
Inventor： Eric Ladizinsky , Jeremy P. Hilton , Byong Hyop Oh , Paul I. Bunyk
CPC classification number: H01L39/2493 , B82Y10/00 , G06N99/002 , H01L27/18 , H01L39/025 , H01L39/125 , H01L39/22 , H01L39/223 , H01L39/24 , H01L39/2406
Abstract: Various techniques and apparatus permit fabrication of superconductive circuits. A niobium/aluminum oxide/niobium trilayer may be formed and individual Josephson Junctions (JJs) formed. A protective cap may protect a JJ during fabrication. A hybrid dielectric may be formed. A superconductive integrated circuit may be formed using a subtractive patterning and/or additive patterning. A superconducting metal layer may be deposited by electroplating and/or polished by chemical-mechanical planarization. The thickness of an inner layer dielectric may be controlled by a deposition process. A substrate may include a base of silicon and top layer including aluminum oxide. Depositing of superconducting metal layer may be stopped or paused to allow cooling before completion. Multiple layers may be aligned by patterning an alignment marker in a superconducting metal layer.
Abstract translation: 各种技术和装置允许制造超导电路。 可以形成铌/氧化铝/铌三层，并形成单个的约瑟夫逊结（JJ）。 保护盖可以在制造过程中保护JJ。 可以形成混合电介质。 可以使用减法图案化和/或添加剂图案化来形成超导集成电路。 可以通过电镀和/或通过化学机械平面化抛光来沉积超导金属层。 内层电介质的厚度可以通过沉积工艺来控制。 衬底可以包括硅的基底和包括氧化铝的顶层。 可以停止或暂停超导金属层的沉积，以在完成之前进行冷却。 可以通过在超导金属层中图案化对准标记物来对准多个层。
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65.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20150111754A1
公开(公告)日：2015-04-23
申请号：US14520139
申请日：2014-10-21
Applicant: D-Wave Systems Inc.
Inventor： Richard G. Harris , Mohammad H.S. Amin , Anatoly Smirnov
CPC classification number: G06N99/002 , G11C11/44 , H03K3/38 , H03K19/1952
Abstract: A quantum processor is operable as a universal adiabatic quantum computing system. The quantum processor includes physical qubits, with at least a first and second communicative coupling available between pairs of qubits via an in-situ tunable superconducting capacitive coupler and an in-situ tunable superconducting inductive coupler, respectively. Tunable couplers provide diagonal and off-diagonal coupling. Compound Josephson junctions (CJJs) of the tunable couplers are responsive to a flux bias to tune a sign and magnitude of a sum of a capacitance of a fixed capacitor and a tunable capacitance which is mediated across a pair of coupling capacitors. The qubits may be hybrid qubits, operable in a flux regime or a charge regime. Qubits may include a pair of CJJs that interrupt a loop of material and which are separated by an island of superconducting material which is voltage biased with respect to a qubit body.
Abstract translation: 量子处理器可用作通用绝热量子计算系统。 量子处理器包括物理量子位，其中至少第一和第二通信耦合分别通过原位可调谐超导电容耦合器和原位可调谐超导感应耦合器在成对的量子位之间可用。 可调谐耦合器提供对角线和非对角线耦合。 可调谐耦合器的复合约瑟夫逊结（CJJ）响应于通量偏置来调节固定电容器的电容和在一对耦合电容器之间介导的可调谐电容之和的符号和幅度。 量子位可以是混合量子位，可在通量状态或电荷状态下操作。 Qubits可以包括一对中断材料环的CJJ，它们被相对于量子位体电压偏置的超导材料岛隔开。
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Patent Agency Ranking
公开(公告)号：US20130282636A1
公开(公告)日：2013-10-24
申请号：US13796949
申请日：2013-03-12
Applicant: D-WAVE SYSTEMS INC.
Inventor： William G. Macready , Edward D. Dahl
IPC: G06N99/00
CPC classification number: G06N99/002 , B82Y10/00 , G06N5/003 , G06N5/04
Abstract: Systems and methods to solve combinatorial problems employ a permutation network which may be modeled after a sorting network where comparators are replaced by switches that controllably determine whether inputs are swapped or are left unchanged at the outputs. A quantum processor may be used to generate permutations by the permutation network by mapping the state of each switch in the network to the state of a respective qubit in the quantum processor. In this way, a quantum computation may explore all possible permutations simultaneously to identify a permutation that satisfies at least one solution criterion. The Travelling Salesman Problem is discussed as an example of a combinatorial problem that may be solved using these systems and methods.
Abstract translation: 用于解决组合问题的系统和方法采用置换网络，其可以在分类网络之后建模，其中比较器被可控地确定输入是否被交换或在输出处保持不变的开关替代。 量子处理器可以用于通过将网络中每个交换机的状态映射到量子处理器中相应量子位的状态来通过置换网络来产生置换。 以这种方式，量子计算可以同时探索所有可能的排列以识别满足至少一个解决标准的置换。 讨论旅行销售员问题作为可以使用这些系统和方法解决的组合问题的示例。
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公开(公告)号：US20130231249A1
公开(公告)日：2013-09-05
申请号：US13863218
申请日：2013-04-15
Applicant: D-WAVE SYSTEMS INC.
Inventor： Randall C. Black , Jeremy P. Hilton , Geordie Rose
CPC classification number: F25B9/12 , F25B9/10 , G06F1/20 , G06F2200/201 , H01L39/02 , H05K7/20372
Abstract: Cryogenic refrigeration employs a pulse tube cryo-cooler and a dilution refrigerator to provide very low temperature cooling, for example, to cool superconducting processors. Continuous cryogenic cycle refrigeration may be achieved using multiple adsorption pumps. Various improvements may include multiple distinct thermal-linking points, evaporation pots with cooling structures, and/or one or more gas-gap heat switches which may be integral to an adsorption pump. A reservoir volume may provide pressure relief when the system is warmed above cryogenic temperature, reducing the mass of the system. Additional heat exchangers and/or separate paths for condensation and evaporation may be provided. Multi-channel connectors may be used, and/or connectors formed of a regenerative material with a high specific heat capacity at cryogenic temperature. Flexible PCBs may provide thermal links to components that embody temperature gradients. Various components may be pre-cooled, for example via a switchable thermalization system.
Abstract translation: 低温制冷采用脉冲管冷冻机和稀释冰箱来提供极低温度的冷却，例如冷却超导处理器。 可以使用多个吸附泵实现连续低温循环制冷。 各种改进可以包括多个不同的热连接点，具有冷却结构的蒸发罐，和/或可以与吸附泵成一体的一个或多个气隙热交换器。 当系统温度超过低温温度时，储存器容积可以提供压力释放，从而减小系统的质量。 可以提供用于冷凝和蒸发的附加热交换器和/或单独路径。 可以使用多通道连接器，和/或由在低温下具有高比热容的再生材料形成的连接器。 柔性PCB可以提供体现温度梯度的部件的热连接。 可以例如经由可切换热化系统预先冷却各种部件。
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公开(公告)号：US20130117200A1
公开(公告)日：2013-05-09
申请号：US13673578
申请日：2012-11-09
Applicant: D-Wave Systems Inc.
Inventor： Murray C. Thom
Abstract: Systems and methods for operating digital computer system and a quantum processor to optimize an investment portfolio are described. A set of candidate investments is mapped to the qubits of the quantum processor, where each qubit is programmed with a respective programmable qubit parameter that is representative of the recent performance of the particular candidate investment to which the qubit corresponds. Pair-wise correlations between the candidate investments are mapped to coupling devices of the quantum processor, where each coupling device is programmed with a respective programmable coupling parameter that is representative of the particular correlation to which the coupling device corresponds. The quantum processor is evolved to determine the minimum energy configuration of the qubit states with respect to the programmable qubit and coupling device parameters. The digital computer system interacts with the quantum processor via an investment portfolio optimization module.
Abstract translation: 描述了操作数字计算机系统和量子处理器来优化投资组合的系统和方法。 一组候选投资被映射到量子处理器的量子位，其中每个量子位用相应的可编程量子比特参数编程，该参数代表与量子位对应的特定候选投资的最近性能。 将候选投资之间的成对相关性映射到量子处理器的耦合器件，其中每个耦合器件都用相应的可编程耦合参数进行编程，该耦合参数代表耦合器件对应的特定相关。 量子处理器被演进以确定相对于可编程量子位和耦合器件参数的量子位状态的最小能量配置。 数字计算机系统通过投资组合优化模块与量子处理器交互。
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公开(公告)号：US20040173787A1
公开(公告)日：2004-09-09
申请号：US10801340
申请日：2004-03-15
Applicant: D-Wave Systems, Inc.
Inventor： Alexandre Blais , Jeremy P. Hilton , Alexandre M. Zagoskin
IPC: H01L039/22
CPC classification number: G06N99/002 , B82Y10/00 , Y10S977/933
Abstract: A circuit comprising a superconducting qubit and a resonant control system that is characterized by a resonant frequency. The resonant frequency of the control system is a function of a bias current. The circuit further includes a superconducting mechanism having a capacitance or inductance. The superconducting mechanism coherently couples the superconducting qubit to the resonant control system. A method for entangling a quantum state of a first qubit with the quantum state of a second qubit. In the method, a resonant control system, which is capacitively coupled to the first and second qubit, is tuned to a first frequency that corresponds to the energy differential between the lowest two potential energy levels of the first qubit. The resonant control system is then adjusted to a second frequency corresponding to energy differential between the lowest two potential energy levels of the second qubit.
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公开(公告)号：US20040170047A1
公开(公告)日：2004-09-02
申请号：US10791617
申请日：2004-03-02
Applicant: D-Wave Systems, Inc.
Inventor： Mohammad H.S. Amin , Geordie Rose , Alexandre Zagoskin , Jeremy P. Hilton
IPC: G11C011/22
CPC classification number: G06N99/002 , B82Y10/00 , Y10S977/933
Abstract: A control system for an array of qubits is disclosed. The control system according to the present invention provides currents and voltages to qubits in the array of qubits in order to perform functions on the qubit. The functions that the control system can perform include read out, initialization, and entanglement. The state of a qubit can be determined by grounding the qubit, applying a current across the qubit, measuring the resulting potential drop across the qubit, and interpreting the potential drop as a state of the qubit. A qubit can be initialized by grounding the qubit and applying a current across the qubit in a selected direction for a time sufficient that the quantum state of the qubit can relax into the selected state. In some embodiments, the qubit can be initialized by grounding the qubit and applying a current across the qubit in a selected direction and then ramping the current to zero in order that the state of the qubit relaxes into the selected state. The states of two qubits can be entangled by coupling the two qubits through a switch. In some embodiments, the switch that is capable of grounding the qubits can also be utilized for entangling selected qubits.
Abstract translation: 公开了一种用于量子位阵列的控制系统。 根据本发明的控制系统为了在量子位上执行功能向量子位阵列中的量子位提供电流和电压。 控制系统可以执行的功能包括读出，初始化和纠缠。 量子位的状态可以通过对量子位进行接地，在量子位上施加电流，测量量子位上产生的电位降，并将潜在的下降解释为量子位的状态来确定。 可以通过将量子位接地并在选定方向上跨越量子位的电流施加一个量子位，以使量子位的量子态可以放松到所选择的状态。 在一些实施例中，可以通过将量子位接地并在所选方向上跨越量子位施加电流，然后将电流斜坡化为零，以使量子位的状态放松到所选择的状态来初始化量子位。 两个量子位的状态可以通过一个开关耦合两个量子位来纠缠。 在一些实施例中，能够使量子位接地的开关也可用于纠缠所选择的量子位。
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