公开(公告)号：US5834827A

公开(公告)日：1998-11-10

申请号：US748835

申请日：1996-11-14

申请人： Mitsutoshi Miyasaka ,  Kiyofumi Kitawada ,  Minoru Matsuo ,  Seiichiro Higashi ,  Tokuroh Ozawa ,  Satoshi Takenaka ,  Yojiro Matsueda ,  Takashi Nakazawa ,  Hiroyuki Ohshima ,  Satoshi Inoue

发明人： Mitsutoshi Miyasaka ,  Kiyofumi Kitawada ,  Minoru Matsuo ,  Seiichiro Higashi ,  Tokuroh Ozawa ,  Satoshi Takenaka ,  Yojiro Matsueda ,  Takashi Nakazawa ,  Hiroyuki Ohshima ,  Satoshi Inoue

IPC分类号： H01L21/28 ,  H01L21/336 ,  H01L29/49 ,  H01L29/786 ,  H01L23/54

CPC分类号： H01L29/66757 ,  H01L21/28079 ,  H01L29/4908 ,  H01L29/78675

摘要： Electronic devices are provided with electrically conductive interconnections which are formed on the insulator material. Such electronic devices include, for example, thin film semiconductor devices (TFT), metal-insulator-metallic type non-wiring elements (MIM), solar cells, Large Scale Integration devices (LSI) or printed-wiring boards. At least a part of the electrically conductive interconnections are made of .alpha.-structure tantalum (Ta) which contains hydrogen. The .alpha.-structure tantalum does not have cubical crystals in its crystal system, but rather has body-centered cubes (bcc). The resistivity of the .alpha.-structure tantalum is from about 20 .mu..OMEGA. centimeters to about 60 .mu..OMEGA. centimeters. When hydrogen is included within this .alpha.-structure tantalum film, small amounts of nitrogen may be contained along with the hydrogen in the film. When a semiconductor layer is directly formed on the lower conductive layer, the upper conductive layer contains, as a primary component, the hydrogen contained .alpha.-structure tantalum.

摘要翻译： 电子设备设置有形成在绝缘体材料上的导电互连。 这种电子器件包括例如薄膜半导体器件（TFT），金属 - 绝缘体 - 金属型非布线元件（MIM），太阳能电池，大规模集成器件（LSI）或印刷电路板。 至少一部分导电互连由含有氢的α结构钽（Ta）制成。 α结构钽在其晶体系统中不具有立方晶体，而是具有以体积为中心的立方体（bcc）。 α结构钽的电阻率为约20微米欧米算至约60微米欧米加厘米。 当在该α结构钽膜中包含氢时，可能含有少量的氮以及膜中的氢。 当半导体层直接形成在下导电层上时，上导电层含有含氢的α结构钽作为主要成分。

公开(公告)号：US07294707B2

公开(公告)日：2007-11-13

申请号：US10958298

申请日：2004-10-06

申请人： Takashi Nakazawa ,  Minoru Yamaguchi ,  Hiroki Kuyama ,  Eiji Ando ,  Norikazu Ueyama ,  Taka-aki Okamura ,  Shigemi Norioka

发明人： Takashi Nakazawa ,  Minoru Yamaguchi ,  Hiroki Kuyama ,  Eiji Ando ,  Norikazu Ueyama ,  Taka-aki Okamura ,  Shigemi Norioka

IPC分类号： C07K1/00

CPC分类号： C07K1/003

摘要： A simple and low-cost method of selectively modifying the C-terminal of a protein or peptide is provided. A method of modifying the C-terminal of a protein or peptide comprises forming an intramolecular oxazolone ring at the C-terminal of the protein or peptide that requires C-terminal modification, and then performing a ring-opening of the oxazolone ring to produce a protein or peptide with a modified C-terminal. Preferred forms include a method in which by reacting the oxazolone ring with a compound containing a nucleophilic group to effect an oxazolone ring-opening, a protein or peptide is produced in which the C-terminal is modified with the compound containing the nucleophilic group, as well as a method in which by reacting the oxazolone ring with an active esterifying agent to effect a ring-opening, the oxazolone is converted to an active ester, which by subsequent reaction with a compound containing a nucleophilic group, produces a protein or peptide in which the C-terminal has been modified with the compound containing the nucleophilic group.

摘要翻译： 提供了选择性修饰蛋白质或肽的C-末端的简单且低成本的方法。 修饰蛋白质或肽的C末端的方法包括在需要C末端修饰的蛋白质或肽的C-末端形成分子内的恶唑酮环，然后进行恶唑酮环的开环以产生 具有修饰C末端的蛋白质或肽。 优选的形式包括通过使恶唑酮环与含有亲核基团的化合物反应以进行恶唑酮开环的方法，制备其中C-末端用含有亲核基团的化合物修饰的蛋白质或肽作为 以及通过使恶唑酮环与活性酯化剂反应以开环的方法，将恶唑酮转化成活性酯，其随后与含有亲核基团的化合物反应，产生蛋白质或肽 其中C-末端已经与含有亲核基团的化合物一起被修饰。

公开(公告)号：US07021298B2

公开(公告)日：2006-04-04

申请号：US11066618

申请日：2005-02-28

申请人： Takashi Nakazawa ,  Takahisa Koseki ,  Hatsuo Nagaishi ,  Takeshi Suzuki

发明人： Takashi Nakazawa ,  Takahisa Koseki ,  Hatsuo Nagaishi ,  Takeshi Suzuki

IPC分类号： F02B47/08

CPC分类号： F02D41/0062 ,  F02D13/0219 ,  F02D13/0261 ,  F02M26/01 ,  Y02T10/18 ,  Y02T10/47

摘要： An internal EGR parameter estimating device is configured to estimate the internal EGR quantity based on the quantity of blow-by gas that blows by during an overlap period when both the intake valve(s) and the exhaust valve(s) are open. The blow-by gas quantity is calculated based on the intake air pressure and the exhaust gas pressure during the overlap period and the effective cross sectional area opening formed by the intake and exhaust valves. The overlap period is divided into intervals of a prescribed period and the interval cross sectional area opening during each interval is calculated.

摘要翻译： 内部EGR参数估计装置被配置为基于当进气门和排气门打开时在重叠时段期间吹动的窜气量来估计内部EGR量。 基于重叠期间的进气压力和排气压力以及由进气门和排气阀形成的有效横截面积开度来计算窜气量。 重叠周期被划分为规定期间的间隔，并且计算每个间隔期间的间隔横截面积开度。

公开(公告)号：US06990968B2

公开(公告)日：2006-01-31

申请号：US10895426

申请日：2004-07-21

申请人： Hatsuo Nagaishi ,  Takashi Nakazawa ,  Kazuhiko Abe ,  Yuji Sasaki

发明人： Hatsuo Nagaishi ,  Takashi Nakazawa ,  Kazuhiko Abe ,  Yuji Sasaki

IPC分类号： F02D41/04

CPC分类号： F02D41/1458 ,  F02D13/0223 ,  F02D13/0226 ,  F02D41/047 ,  F02D41/10 ,  F02D41/12 ,  F02D41/1446 ,  F02D41/1454 ,  F02D41/187 ,  F02D2041/001 ,  F02D2200/0402 ,  F02D2200/0406 ,  F02D2200/0414 ,  F02D2200/0614 ,  F02D2200/0625 ,  F02D2200/0802 ,  F02D2200/602 ,  F02D2200/703

摘要： An intake port (4) is connected to a combustion chamber (6) of an internal combustion engine (1) via an intake valve (15), and a volatile liquid fuel is injected from a fuel injector (21) provided in the intake port (4). The controller (31) calculates a suspension ratio in the combustion chamber (5) of the injected fuel according to the particle diameter of the injected fuel (52–56), calculates an amount of fuel burnt in the combustion chamber (6) based on the suspension ratio (57), calculates a target fuel injection amount based on the burnt fuel amount (75, 76), and controls a fuel injection amount of the fuel injector (21) based on the target fuel injection amount (76). Precise fuel injection control can be performed without performing adaptation experiments, based on particle diameter data for different fuel injectors by taking the particle diameter as a parameter.

摘要翻译： 进气口（4）经由进气阀（15）与内燃机（1）的燃烧室（6）连接，并且从设置在进气口（14）内的燃料喷射器（21）喷射挥发性液体燃料 （4）。 控制器（31）根据喷射燃料（52-56）的粒径计算喷射燃料的燃烧室（5）中的悬浮比，计算燃烧室（6）中燃烧的燃料量，基于 暂停率（57）基于燃烧燃料量（75,76）计算目标燃料喷射量，并且基于目标燃料喷射量（76）来控制燃料喷射器（21）的燃料喷射量。 通过以粒径为参数，可以基于不同燃料喷射器的粒径数据进行精确的燃料喷射控制，而不进行适应性实验。

公开(公告)号：US20060009903A1

公开(公告)日：2006-01-12

申请号：US11227263

申请日：2005-09-16

申请人： Kazuhiko Abe ,  Takashi Nakazawa ,  Hatsuo Nagaishi

发明人： Kazuhiko Abe ,  Takashi Nakazawa ,  Hatsuo Nagaishi

IPC分类号： B60T7/12 ,  G05D1/00

CPC分类号： F02D41/1458 ,  F02D19/084 ,  F02D19/088 ,  F02D41/0025 ,  F02D41/1456 ,  F02D41/2454 ,  F02D2200/0612 ,  Y02T10/36

摘要： Fuel properties estimating apparatus for an internal combustion engine includes a controller to determine an estimated component concentration of a component in a fuel. The controller calculates an air-fuel correction quantity in accordance with an actual air fuel ratio of the engine; and calculates an air-fuel ratio sensitivity correction quantity from the air-fuel ratio correction quantity and a fuel properties correction quantity calculated from a most recent value of the component concentration. The controller then determines a new value of the estimated component concentration in accordance with the air-fuel ratio sensitivity correction quantity.

摘要翻译： 用于内燃机的燃料特性估计装置包括用于确定燃料中组分的估计组分浓度的控制器。 控制器根据发动机的实际空燃比计算出空燃比校正量; 根据空燃比校正量计算空燃比灵敏度校正量，根据最近的成分浓度值算出燃料特性校正量。 然后，控制器根据空燃比灵敏度校正量确定估计分量浓度的新值。

公开(公告)号：US06975933B2

公开(公告)日：2005-12-13

申请号：US10768662

申请日：2004-02-02

申请人： Kazuhiko Abe ,  Takashi Nakazawa ,  Hatsuo Nagaishi

发明人： Kazuhiko Abe ,  Takashi Nakazawa ,  Hatsuo Nagaishi

IPC分类号： F02D41/00 ,  F02D41/14 ,  B60T7/12

CPC分类号： F02D41/1458 ,  F02D19/084 ,  F02D19/088 ,  F02D41/0025 ,  F02D41/1456 ,  F02D41/2454 ,  F02D2200/0612 ,  Y02T10/36

摘要： Fuel properties estimating apparatus for an internal combustion engine includes a controller to determine an estimated component concentration of a component in a fuel. The controller calculates an air-fuel correction quantity in accordance with an actual air fuel ratio of the engine; and calculates an air-fuel ratio sensitivity correction quantity from the air-fuel ratio correction quantity and a fuel properties correction quantity calculated from a most recent value of the component concentration. The controller then determines a new value of the estimated component concentration in accordance with the air-fuel ratio sensitivity correction quantity.

摘要翻译： 用于内燃机的燃料特性估计装置包括用于确定燃料中组分的估计组分浓度的控制器。 控制器根据发动机的实际空燃比计算出空燃比校正量; 根据空燃比校正量计算空燃比灵敏度校正量，根据最近的成分浓度值算出燃料特性校正量。 然后，控制器根据空燃比灵敏度校正量确定估计分量浓度的新值。

公开(公告)号：US20050229909A1

公开(公告)日：2005-10-20

申请号：US11066618

申请日：2005-02-28

申请人： Takashi Nakazawa ,  Takahisa Koseki ,  Hatsuo Nagaishi ,  Takeshi Suzuki

发明人： Takashi Nakazawa ,  Takahisa Koseki ,  Hatsuo Nagaishi ,  Takeshi Suzuki

IPC分类号： F02D13/02 ,  F02D21/08 ,  F02D41/00 ,  F02M25/07 ,  F02D41/24

CPC分类号： F02D41/0062 ,  F02D13/0219 ,  F02D13/0261 ,  F02M26/01 ,  Y02T10/18 ,  Y02T10/47

摘要： An internal EGR parameter estimating device is configured to estimate the internal EGR quantity based on the quantity of blow-by gas that blows by during an overlap period when both the intake valve(s) and the exhaust valve(s) are open. The blow-by gas quantity is calculated based on the intake air pressure and the exhaust gas pressure during the overlap period and the effective cross sectional area opening formed by the intake and exhaust valves. The overlap period is divided into intervals of a prescribed period and the interval cross sectional area opening during each interval is calculated.

摘要翻译： 内部EGR参数估计装置被配置为基于当进气门和排气门打开时在重叠时段期间吹动的窜气量来估计内部EGR量。 基于重叠期间的进气压力和排气压力以及由进气门和排气阀形成的有效横截面积开度来计算窜气量。 重叠周期被划分为规定期间的间隔，并且计算每个间隔期间的间隔横截面积开度。

公开(公告)号：US06947827B2

公开(公告)日：2005-09-20

申请号：US09980162

申请日：2001-03-30

申请人： Toru Fuse ,  Takashi Nakazawa ,  Hatsuo Nagaishi

发明人： Toru Fuse ,  Takashi Nakazawa ,  Hatsuo Nagaishi

IPC分类号： F02D45/00 ,  B60K6/20 ,  B60K6/485 ,  B60K6/543 ,  B60L11/14 ,  B60W10/06 ,  B60W10/08 ,  B60W20/00 ,  F02D29/02 ,  F02D41/04 ,  F02D41/06 ,  F02N11/08

CPC分类号： B60K6/543 ,  F02D41/042 ,  F02D41/065 ,  F02D2250/18 ,  F02N11/04 ,  F02N11/0818 ,  F02N2200/0802 ,  F02N2200/101 ,  F02N2300/104 ,  Y02T10/48

摘要： An engine 1 is stopped according to conditions when a vehicle has stopped, and the engine 1 is started by starting a motor/generator 2 when a request to restart the engine 1 which has stopped, is determined. Engine torque is absorbed by the motor/generator 2 so that that the starting torque according to an accelerator pedal depression after restart, is effectively the same torque for starting from the engine stop state as for starting from the engine idle state. In this way, the same starting performance is obtained when the vehicle starts from the engine stop state as when the vehicle starts from the engine idle rotation state.

摘要翻译： 根据车辆停止时的情况停止发动机1，并且在确定了重启停止的发动机1的请求时，通过起动电动机/发电机2来启动发动机1。 发动机扭矩被电动机/发电机2吸收，使得根据重启后的加速器踏板下压的起动转矩与从发动机怠速状态开始的发动机停止状态实际上是相同的转矩。 以这种方式，当车辆从发动机停止状态开始时，当车辆从发动机怠速旋转状态开始时，获得相同的起动性能。

公开(公告)号：US06921871B2

公开(公告)日：2005-07-26

申请号：US10667598

申请日：2003-09-23

申请人： Takashi Nakazawa ,  Tsutomu Watada

发明人： Takashi Nakazawa ,  Tsutomu Watada

IPC分类号： H01H11/00 ,  H01H15/04 ,  H01H21/54

CPC分类号： H01H11/0056 ,  H01H15/04 ,  H01H2300/02

摘要： To enable to restrain a portion only of a resin at a pole board made of the resin to restrain warp or a sink mark, in a slide switch including a pole board 3 made of a resin insert-molded with fixed contacts 9, 11, 13, 15 and 17 and a movable board supporting a movable contact and capable of sliding the movable contact relative to the fixed contacts 9, 11, 13, 15 and 17 by predetermined contact pressure by moving along the pole board 3, a metal plate 21 is insert-molded to a portion of the pole board 1 at which the fixed contacts 9, 11, 13, 15 and 17 are not present.

摘要翻译： 为了能够在由树脂制的极板上限制仅树脂的部分以抑制翘曲或凹痕，在包括由固定触点9,11,13的嵌入成型的树脂制的极板3的滑动开关中 15和17以及可移动板，其支撑可动触点，并且能够通过沿着极板3移动而通过预定的接触压力相对于固定触点9,11,13,15和17滑动可动触头，金属板21是 插入模制到极板1的不存在固定触头9,11,13,15和17的部分。

公开(公告)号：US20050085622A1

公开(公告)日：2005-04-21

申请号：US10958298

申请日：2004-10-06

申请人： Takashi Nakazawa ,  Minoru Yamaguchi ,  Hiroki Kuyama ,  Eiji Ando ,  Norikazu Ueyama ,  Taka-aki Okamura ,  Shigemi Norioka

发明人： Takashi Nakazawa ,  Minoru Yamaguchi ,  Hiroki Kuyama ,  Eiji Ando ,  Norikazu Ueyama ,  Taka-aki Okamura ,  Shigemi Norioka

IPC分类号： C07K1/113 ,  C07K1/00 ,  C07K1/08 ,  C07K14/00

CPC分类号： C07K1/003

摘要： A simple and low-cost method of selectively modifying the C-terminal of a protein or peptide is provided. A method of modifying the C-terminal of a protein or peptide comprises forming an intramolecular oxazolone ring at the C-terminal of the protein or peptide that requires C-terminal modification, and then performing a ring-opening of the oxazolone ring to produce a protein or peptide with a modified C-terminal. Preferred forms include a method in which by reacting the oxazolone ring with a compound containing a nucleophilic group to effect an oxazolone ring-opening, a protein or peptide is produced in which the C-terminal is modified with the compound containing the nucleophilic group, as well as a method in which by reacting the oxazolone ring with an active esterifying agent to effect a ring-opening, the oxazolone is converted to an active ester, which by subsequent reaction with a compound containing a nucleophilic group, produces a protein or peptide in which the C-terminal has been modified with the compound containing the nucleophilic group.

摘要翻译： 提供了选择性修饰蛋白质或肽的C-末端的简单且低成本的方法。 修饰蛋白质或肽的C末端的方法包括在需要C末端修饰的蛋白质或肽的C-末端形成分子内的恶唑酮环，然后进行恶唑酮环的开环以产生 具有修饰C末端的蛋白质或肽。 优选的形式包括通过使恶唑酮环与含有亲核基团的化合物反应以进行恶唑酮开环的方法，制备其中C-末端用含有亲核基团的化合物修饰的蛋白质或肽作为 以及通过使恶唑酮环与活性酯化剂反应以开环的方法，将恶唑酮转化成活性酯，其随后与含有亲核基团的化合物反应，产生蛋白质或肽 其中C-末端已经与含有亲核基团的化合物一起被修饰。