Abstract:
Balanced unleaded fuel compositions exhibiting: a pump octane rating of greater than 93; a T50 (maximum) of 104.4° C. (220° F.) and a T90 (maximum) of 165.6° C. (330° F.), as required under the CARB Phase 3 model; and, producing a higher average torque and/or higher average power output than commercially available fuels stated to meet the CARB Phase 3 model.
Abstract:
The present disclosure generally relates to methods to reduce the external steam supplied to a fluidized catalytic cracker by injecting a stream comprising a water-containing renewable fuel oil into a riser of a fluidized catalytic cracker.
Abstract:
An integrated plant generates syngas from biomass, where the integrated plant includes a Thermo Mechanical Pulping (TMP) process, a biomass gasifier, a methanol synthesis process, and a liquid fuel generation process. Biomass is received as a feedstock in the TMP process. The biomass is pre-treated in the TMP process for subsequent supply to the biomass gasifier by using a combination of heat, pressure, moisture, and mechanical agitation that are applied to the biomass to make the biomass into a pulp form. The TMP process breaks down a bulk structure of the received biomass, at least in part, by applying steam to degrade bonds between lignin and hemi-cellulose from cellulose fibers of the biomass. Next, the broken down particles of the biomass are reacted in a biomass gasification reaction at a temperature of greater than 700 degrees C. to create syngas components, which are fed to a methanol synthesis process.
Abstract:
The present application generally relates to methods of generating cellulosic-renewable identification numbers by thermally processing a cellulosic biomass to form a renewable fuel oil, and then co-processing the renewable fuel oil with a petroleum fraction in a refinery to form a cellulosic-renewable identification number-compliant fuel.
Abstract:
The present application generally relates to methods to increase the gasoline and/or light cycle oil yield of a fluidized catalytic cracker processing a petroleum fraction by injecting a stream comprising a renewable fuel oil into a riser of a fluidized catalytic cracker, and the resulting fuels therefrom.
Abstract:
Methods of making fuel are described herein. A method may include providing a first working fluid, a second working fluid, and a third working fluid. The method may also include exposing the first working fluid to a first high voltage electric field to produce a first plasma, exposing the second working fluid to a second high voltage electric field to produce a second plasma, and exposing the third working fluid to a third high voltage electric field to produce a third plasma. The method may also include providing and contacting a carbon-based feedstock with the third plasma, the second plasma, and the first plasma within a processing chamber to form a mixture, cooling the mixture using a heat exchange device to form a cooled mixture, and contacting the cooled mixture with a catalyst to form a fuel.
Abstract:
In a first processing chamber, a feedstock may be combined with plasma from, for example, three plasma torches to form a first fluid mixture. Each torch may have a working gas including water vapor, oxygen, and carbon dioxide. The first fluid mixture may be cooled and may contact a first heat exchange device. The output fluid from the first heat exchange device may be separated into one or more components. A syngas may be derived from the one or more components and have a ratio of carbon monoxide to hydrogen of about 1:2. The syngas may be transferred to a catalyst bed to be converted into one or more fluid fuels.
Abstract:
A gasoline blending components production system useful for producing both aromatics and gasoline blending components from naphtha. The production system includes a light hydrocracked naphtha splitter, a medium hydrocracked naphtha splitter, a naphtha hydrotreater, an isomerization unit, a continuous catalytic reformer and aromatics complex. The production system is operable to produce both refined benzene and para-xylene products in addition to medium hydrocracked naphtha, isomerate, a C7s cut and a C9+ cut, which are useful for gasoline blending without additional treatment. A method for producing gasoline blending components while maximizing aromatic production includes introducing both stabilized hydrocracked naphtha to the light hydrocracked naphtha splitter and straight run naphtha to the naphtha hydrotreater. Operating the production system produces three types of hydrocracked naphtha: a light hydrocracked naphtha, a medium hydrocracked naphtha and a heavy hydrocracked naphtha. Light and heavy hydrocracked naphtha are directed to the naphtha hydrotreater.
Abstract:
The present application generally relates to a riser quench system comprising a quench line and one or more quench injecting ports for injecting a renewable fuel oil into the riser of a fluidized catalytic cracker co-processing a renewable fuel oil and a petroleum fraction as reactants.