Rotationally asymmetric variable electrode correction
    71.
    发明授权
    Rotationally asymmetric variable electrode correction 有权
    旋转不对称可变电极校正

    公开(公告)号:US07682498B1

    公开(公告)日:2010-03-23

    申请号:US11179984

    申请日:2005-07-11

    摘要: A work piece is electroplated or electroplanarized using an azimuthally asymmetric electrode. The azimuthally asymmetric electrode is rotated with respect to the work piece (i.e., either or both of the work piece and the electrode may be rotating). The azimuthal asymmetry provides a time-of-exposure correction to the current distribution reaching the work piece. In some embodiments, the total current is distributed among a plurality of electrodes in a reaction cell in order to tailor the current distribution in the electrolyte over time. Focusing elements may be used to create “virtual electrode” in proximity to the surface of the work piece to further control the current distribution in the electrolyte during plating or planarization.

    摘要翻译: 使用方位不对称电极对工件进行电镀或电平面化处理。 方位不对称电极相对于工件旋转(即,工件和电极中的任一个或两者可以旋转)。 方位不对称性提供了到达工件的当前分布的曝光时间校正。 在一些实施例中,总电流分布在反应池中的多个电极之间,以便随着时间的推移来调整电解质中的电流分布。 可以使用聚焦元件在工件的表面附近产生“虚拟电极”,以进一步控制在电镀或平坦化期间电解液中的电流分布。

    Modulated metal removal using localized wet etching
    72.
    发明申请
    Modulated metal removal using localized wet etching 有权
    使用局部湿蚀刻调制金属去除

    公开(公告)号:US20100029088A1

    公开(公告)日:2010-02-04

    申请号:US12462424

    申请日:2009-08-04

    IPC分类号: H01L21/306

    摘要: An apparatus for wet etching metal from a semiconductor wafer comprises a wafer holder for rotating a wafer and a plurality of nozzles for applying separate flow patterns of etching liquid to the surface of the wafer. The flow patterns impact the wafer in distinct band-like impact zones. The flow pattern of etching liquid from at least one nozzle is modulated during a total etching time control the cumulative etching rate in one local etch region relative to the cumulative etching rate in one or more other local etch regions. Some embodiments include a lower etch chamber and an upper rinse chamber separated by a horizontal splash shield. Some embodiments include a retractable vertical splash shield used to prevent splashing of etching liquid onto the inside walls of a treatment container. An etch-liquid delivery system includes a plurality of nozzle flow paths having corresponding nozzle flow resistances, and a plurality of drain flow paths having corresponding drain flow resistances. Nozzle flow resistances and drain flow resistances are matched so that switching the flow from a nozzle to a corresponding drain flow path does not change the flow rate of etching liquid through other nozzles. A non-wafer-contacting measuring device measures a metal thickness on a rotating semiconductor wafer during metal wet etching by immersing a plurality of electrodes in etching liquid in close proximity to the wafer surface of the rotating wafer and determining electrical resistance between a plurality of electrodes.

    摘要翻译: 用于从半导体晶片湿式蚀刻金属的设备包括用于旋转晶片的晶片保持器和用于将分离的蚀刻液体的流动图案施加到晶片的表面的多个喷嘴。 流动模式影响晶片在不同的带状冲击区域。 在总腐蚀时间期间,调制来自至少一个喷嘴的蚀刻液体的流动模式,以控制一个局部蚀刻区域中相对于一个或多个其它局部蚀刻区域中的累积蚀刻速率的累积蚀刻速率。 一些实施例包括由水平防溅罩隔开的下蚀刻室和上冲洗室。 一些实施例包括用于防止蚀刻液体溅射到处理容器的内壁上的可伸缩垂直防溅屏蔽。 蚀刻液输送系统包括具有相应的喷嘴流动阻力的多个喷嘴流动路径和具有相应的漏极流动阻力的多个排出流动路径。 喷嘴流阻和排流阻力匹配,使得从喷嘴到相应的排水流路的流动不会改变通过其它喷嘴的蚀刻液的流量。 非晶片接触测量装置通过将多个电极浸入在旋转晶片的晶片表面附近的蚀刻液中来测量金属湿蚀刻期间的旋转半导体晶片上的金属厚度,并且确定多个电极之间的电阻 。

    Selectively accelerated plating of metal features
    73.
    发明授权
    Selectively accelerated plating of metal features 有权
    选择性加速电镀金属功能

    公开(公告)号:US07560016B1

    公开(公告)日:2009-07-14

    申请号:US12291277

    申请日:2008-11-07

    IPC分类号: C25D5/02

    摘要: To make a metal feature, a non-plateable layer is applied to a workpiece surface and then patterned to form a first plating region and a first non-plating region. Then, metal is deposited on the workpiece to form a raised field region in said first plating region and a recessed region in said first non-plating region. Then, an accelerator film is applied globally on the workpiece. A portion of the accelerator film is selectively removed from the field region, and another portion of the accelerator film remains in the recessed acceleration region. Then, metal is deposited onto the workpiece, and the metal deposits at an accelerated rate in the acceleration region, resulting in a greater thickness of metal in the acceleration region compared to metal in the non-activated field region. Then, metal is completely removed from the field region, thereby forming the metal feature.

    摘要翻译: 为了制造金属特征,将不可镀层施加到工件表面,然后被图案化以形成第一镀层区域和第一非镀层区域。 然后,金属沉积在工件上,以在所述第一镀覆区域中形成凸起区域,并在所述第一非镀覆区域中形成凹陷区域。 然后,加工膜全部应用于工件上。 加速膜的一部分从场区域选择性地去除,并且加速膜的另一部分残留在凹入加速区域中。 然后,金属沉积在工件上,并且金属在加速区域中以加速的速率沉积,导致与非激活场区域中的金属相比,加速区域中的金属厚度更大。 然后,从场区域中完全去除金属,从而形成金属特征。

    Selectively accelerated plating of metal features
    74.
    发明授权
    Selectively accelerated plating of metal features 失效
    选择性加速电镀金属功能

    公开(公告)号:US07449099B1

    公开(公告)日:2008-11-11

    申请号:US10947085

    申请日:2004-09-21

    IPC分类号: C25D5/02

    摘要: To make a metal feature, a non-plateable layer is applied to a workpiece surface and then patterned to form a first plating region and a first non-plating region. Then, metal is deposited on the workpiece to form a raised field region in said first plating region and a recessed region in said first non-plating region. Then, an accelerator film is applied globally on the workpiece. A portion of the accelerator film is selectively removed from the field region, and another portion of the accelerator film remains in the recessed acceleration region. Then, metal is deposited onto the workpiece, and the metal deposits at an accelerated rate in the acceleration region, resulting in a greater thickness of metal in the acceleration region compared to metal in the non-activated field region. Then, metal is completely removed from the field region, thereby forming the metal feature.

    摘要翻译: 为了制造金属特征,将不可镀层施加到工件表面,然后被图案化以形成第一镀层区域和第一非镀层区域。 然后,金属沉积在工件上,以在所述第一镀覆区域中形成凸起区域,并在所述第一非镀覆区域中形成凹陷区域。 然后,加工膜全部应用于工件上。 加速膜的一部分从场区域选择性地去除,并且加速膜的另一部分残留在凹入加速区域中。 然后,金属沉积在工件上,并且金属在加速区域中以加速的速率沉积,导致与非激活场区域中的金属相比,加速区域中的金属厚度更大。 然后,从场区域中完全去除金属,从而形成金属特征。

    Method and apparatus for potential controlled electroplating of fine patterns on semiconductor wafers
    75.
    发明授权
    Method and apparatus for potential controlled electroplating of fine patterns on semiconductor wafers 有权
    用于在半导体晶片上精细图案的电位控制电镀的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号:US07211175B1

    公开(公告)日:2007-05-01

    申请号:US10365577

    申请日:2003-02-11

    IPC分类号: C25B15/02 C25D17/00

    摘要: Controlled-potential electroplating provides an effective method of electroplating metals onto the surfaces of high aspect ratio recessed features of integrated circuit devices. Methods are provided to mitigate corrosion of a metal seed layer on recessed features due to contact of the seed layer with an electrolyte solution. The potential can also be controlled to provide conformal plating over the seed layer and bottom-up filling of the recessed features. For each of these processes, a constant cathodic voltage, pulsed cathodic voltage, or ramped cathodic voltage can be used. An apparatus for controlled-potential electroplating includes a reference electrode placed near the surface to be plated and at least one cathode sense lead to measure the potential at points on the circumference of the integrated circuit structure.

    摘要翻译: 控制电位电镀提供了将金属电镀到集成电路器件的高纵横比凹陷特征的表面上的有效方法。 提供了一种方法,用于减轻由于种子层与电解质溶液的接触而导致的凹陷特征上的金属种子层的腐蚀。 还可以控制电位以在种子层上提供适形电镀,并且自下而上地填充凹陷特征。 对于这些处理中的每一个,可以使用恒定的阴极电压,脉冲阴极电压或斜坡阴极电压。 用于控制电位电镀的装置包括放置在待镀表面附近的参考电极和至少一个阴极检测引线,以测量集成电路结构的圆周上的点处的电位。

    Method for making thin carbon foam electrodes
    76.
    发明授权
    Method for making thin carbon foam electrodes 失效
    制造薄碳泡沫电极的方法

    公开(公告)号:US5932185A

    公开(公告)日:1999-08-03

    申请号:US110003

    申请日:1993-08-23

    摘要: A method for fabricating thin, flat carbon electrodes by infiltrating highly porous carbon papers, membranes, felts, metal fibers/powders, or fabrics with an appropriate carbon foam precursor material. The infiltrated carbon paper, for example, is then cured to form a gel-saturated carbon paper, which is subsequently dried and pyrolyzed to form a thin sheet of porous carbon. The material readily stays flat and flexible during curing and pyrolyzing to form thin sheets. Precursor materials include polyacrylonitrile (PAN), polymethylacrylonitrile (PMAN), resorcinol/formaldehyde, catechol/formaldehyde, phenol/formaldehyde, etc., or mixtures thereof. These thin films are ideal for use as high power and energy electrodes in batteries, capacitors, and fuel cells, and are potentially useful for capacitive deionization, filtration and catalysis.

    摘要翻译: 通过用合适的碳泡沫前体材料渗透高度多孔碳纸,膜,毡,金属纤维/粉末或织物来制造薄的扁平碳电极的方法。 然后将渗透的碳纸固化以形成凝胶饱和碳纸,随后将其干燥并热解,形成多孔碳薄片。 该材料在固化和热解过程中易于保持平坦和柔性,形成薄片。 前体材料包括聚丙烯腈(PAN),聚甲基丙烯腈(PMAN),间苯二酚/甲醛,邻苯二酚/甲醛,苯酚/甲醛等,或其混合物。 这些薄膜非常适用于电池,电容器和燃料电池中的高功率和高能量电极,并且可用于电容去离子,过滤和催化。

    Method and apparatus for spatially uniform electropolishing and
electrolytic etching
    78.
    发明授权
    Method and apparatus for spatially uniform electropolishing and electrolytic etching 失效
    用于空间均匀电解和电解蚀刻的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号:US5096550A

    公开(公告)日:1992-03-17

    申请号:US597225

    申请日:1990-10-15

    IPC分类号: C25F3/02 C25F3/16 C25F7/00

    摘要: In an electropolishing or electrolytic etching apparatus the anode is separated from the cathode to prevent bubble transport to the anode and to produce a uniform current distribution at the anode by means of a solid nonconducting anode-cathode barrier. The anode extends into the top of the barrier and the cathode is outside the barrier. A virtual cathode hole formed in the bottom of the barrier below the level of the cathode permits current flow while preventing bubble transport. The anode is rotatable and oriented horizontally facing down. An extended anode is formed by mounting the workpiece in a holder which extends the electropolishing or etching area beyond the edge of the workpiece to reduce edge effects at the workpiece. A reference electrode controls cell voltage. Endpoint detection and current shut-off stop polishing. Spatially uniform polishing or etching can be rapidly performed.

    摘要翻译: 在电解抛光或电解蚀刻装置中,阳极与阴极分离,以防止气泡传输到阳极,并通过固体非导电阳极 - 阴极屏障在阳极处产生均匀的电流分布。 阳极延伸到屏障的顶部,阴极在屏障外。 形成在阴极底部的阴极底部的虚拟阴极孔允许电流流动,同时防止气泡输送。 阳极可旋转并水平定向朝下。 扩展阳极通过将工件安装在将电解抛光或蚀刻区域延伸超过工件边缘的保持器中形成,以减少工件的边缘效应。 参考电极控制电池电压。 端点检测和电流切断停止抛光。 可以快速进行空间均匀的抛光或蚀刻。

    Method and apparatus for text editing display
    79.
    发明授权
    Method and apparatus for text editing display 失效
    用于文本编辑显示的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号:US4451900A

    公开(公告)日:1984-05-29

    申请号:US335471

    申请日:1981-12-29

    IPC分类号: G06F17/21 G06F9/00

    CPC分类号: G06F17/212

    摘要: In a word processing system that includes a printer for printing text material and a display screen for viewing portions of the display material, a graphical representation of a page of text is displayed for editing purposes, the graphical representation including a plurality of identically formed display elements each corresponding to one of the characters of the text.

    摘要翻译: 在包括用于打印文本材料的打印机和用于观看显示材料的部分的显示屏幕的文字处理系统中,显示文本页面的图形表示用于编辑目的,图形表示包括多个相同形式的显示元素 每个对应于文本的一个字符。