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    Twin waveguide based design for photonic integrated circuits
    71.
    发明申请
    Twin waveguide based design for photonic integrated circuits 有权
    基于双波导的光子集成电路设计

    公开(公告)号：US20050094924A1

    公开(公告)日：2005-05-05

    申请号：US10983366

    申请日：2004-11-08

    申请人： Stephen Forrest ,  Milind Gokhale ,  Pavel Studenkov

    发明人： Stephen Forrest ,  Milind Gokhale ,  Pavel Studenkov

    IPC分类号： G02B6/122 ,  G02B6/12 ,  G02B6/28 ,  G02B6/34 ,  G02F1/01 ,  G02F1/295 ,  H01S5/026 ,  H01S5/10 ,  H01S5/34 ,  H01S5/50

    CPC分类号： G02B6/12004 ,  B82Y20/00 ,  G02B6/12021 ,  G02B6/2813 ,  G02B2006/12121 ,  G02B2006/12178 ,  G02B2006/12195 ,  H01S5/1014 ,  H01S5/1032 ,  H01S5/1064 ,  H01S5/3403 ,  H01S5/34306 ,  H01S5/50

    摘要： An asymmetric twin waveguide (ATG) structure is disclosed that significantly reduces the negative effects of inter-modal interference in symmetric twin-waveguide structures and which can be effectively used to implement a variety of optical devices. The ATG structure of the invention can be monolithically fabricated on a single epitaxial structure without the necessity of epitaxial re-growth. To achieve the ATG structure of the invention, the effective index of the passive waveguide in the ATG is varied from that of a symmetric twin waveguide such that one mode of the even and odd modes of propagation is primarily confined to the passive waveguide and the other to the active waveguide. The different effective indices of the two coupled waveguides result in the even and odd modes becoming highly asymmetric. As a result, the mode with the larger confinement factor in the active waveguide experiences higher gain and becomes dominant. In a further embodiment, the active waveguide is tapered to reduce coupling losses of the optical energy between the passive waveguide and the active waveguide. In a further embodiment, a grating region is incorporated atop the passive waveguide to select certain frequencies for transmission of light through the passive waveguide.

    摘要翻译： 公开了一种非对称双波导（ATG）结构，显着降低了对称双波导结构中模态间干扰的负面影响，可有效地用于实现各种光学器件。 本发明的ATG结构可以在单个外延结构上单片地制造，而不需要外延再生长。 为了实现本发明的ATG结构，ATG中的无源波导的有效指数与对称双波导的有效指数不同，使得偶数和奇数传播模式的一个模式主要限于无源波导和另一个 到有源波导。 两个耦合波导的不同有效指数导致均匀和奇数模式变得高度不对称。 结果，在有源波导中具有较大约束因子的模式经历较高的增益并成为主导的。 在另一个实施例中，有源波导是锥形的，以减少无源波导和有源波导之间的光能的耦合损耗。 在另一个实施例中，将光栅区域并入无源波导顶部，以选择某些频率以透射通过无源波导的光。

    Method and apparatus for depositing material
    72.
    发明申请
    Method and apparatus for depositing material 有权
    沉积材料的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US20050087131A1

    公开(公告)日：2005-04-28

    申请号：US10690704

    申请日：2003-10-23

    申请人： Max Shtein ,  Stephen Forrest ,  Joe Michels

    发明人： Max Shtein ,  Stephen Forrest ,  Joe Michels

    IPC分类号： C23C14/04 ,  C23C14/12 ,  H01L51/00 ,  H01L51/30 ,  H01L51/40 ,  C23C16/00 ,  B05D3/00

    CPC分类号： C23C14/12 ,  C23C14/228 ,  H01L51/0013 ,  H01L51/0081

    摘要： A method of depositing organic material is provided. A carrier gas carrying an organic material is ejected from a nozzle at a flow velocity that is at least 10% of the thermal velocity of the carrier gas, such that the organic material is deposited onto a substrate. In some embodiments, the dynamic pressure in a region between the nozzle and the substrate surrounding the carrier gas is at least 1 Torr, and more preferably 10 Torr, during the ejection. In some embodiments, a guard flow is provided around the carrier gas. In some embodiments, the background pressure is at least about 10e-3 Torr, more preferably about 0.1 Torr, more preferably about 1 Torr, more preferably about 10 Torr, more preferably about 100 Torr, and most preferably about 760 Torr. A device is also provided. The device includes a nozzle, which further includes a nozzle tube having a first exhaust aperture and a first gas inlet; and a jacket surrounding the nozzle tube, the jacket having a second exhaust aperture and a second gas inlet. The second exhaust aperture completely surrounds the first tube aperture. A carrier gas source and an organic source vessel may be connected to the first gas inlet. A guard flow gas source may be connected to the second gas inlet. The device may include an array of such nozzles.

    摘要翻译： 提供了沉积有机材料的方法。 携带有机材料的载气以比载气的热速度的至少10％的流速从喷嘴喷出，使得有机材料沉积在基板上。 在一些实施例中，在喷射期间喷嘴和围绕载体气体的基底之间的区域中的动态压力为至少1托，更优选为10托。 在一些实施例中，围绕载气提供防护流。 在一些实施方案中，背景压力为至少约10e-3乇，更优选约0.1乇，更优选约1乇，更优选约10乇，更优选约100乇，最优选约760乇。 还提供了一种设备。 所述装置包括喷嘴，所述喷嘴还包括具有第一排气孔和第一气体入口的喷嘴管; 以及围绕喷嘴管的护套，护套具有第二排气孔和第二气体入口。 第二排气孔完全围绕第一管孔。 载气源和有机源容器可以连接到第一气体入口。 保护流气源可以连接到第二气体入口。 该装置可以包括这种喷嘴的阵列。

    Diode-and-fuse memory elements for a write-once memory comprising an anisotropic semiconductor sheet
    74.
    发明授权
    Diode-and-fuse memory elements for a write-once memory comprising an anisotropic semiconductor sheet 有权
    包含各向异性半导体片的一次写入存储器的二极管和熔丝存储元件

    公开(公告)号：US06813182B2

    公开(公告)日：2004-11-02

    申请号：US10160802

    申请日：2002-05-31

    申请人： Craig M Perlov ,  Stephen Forrest

    发明人： Craig M Perlov ,  Stephen Forrest

    IPC分类号： G11C1136

    CPC分类号： H01L27/285 ,  B82Y10/00 ,  G11C13/0009 ,  G11C13/0014 ,  G11C17/16 ,  G11C17/165 ,  G11C2213/71 ,  G11C2213/72 ,  H01L27/1021 ,  H01L51/0053 ,  H01L51/0078 ,  H01L51/0595

    摘要： A donor/acceptor-organic-junction sheet employed within an electronic memory array of a cross-point diode memory. The donor/acceptor-organic-junction sheet is anistropic with respect to flow of electrical current and is physically unstable above a threshold current. Thus, the volume of the donor/acceptor-organic-junction sheet between a row line and column line at a two-dimensional memory array grid point serves both as the diode component and as the fuse component of a diode-and-fuse memory element and is electrically insulated from similar volumes of the donor/acceptor-organic-junction sheet between neighboring grid point intersections.

    摘要翻译： 在交叉点二极管存储器的电子存储器阵列内采用的施主/受体 - 有机结合片。 供体/受体 - 有机结合片相对于电流流动是无向的，并且在阈值电流之上物理上是不稳定的。 因此，在二维存储阵列栅极点处的行线和列线之间的施主/受体 - 有机结合片的体积既用作二极管组分又用作二极管和熔丝存储元件的熔丝组分 并且与相邻网格点交点之间的供体/受体 - 有机连接片的类似体积电绝缘。

    OLED with improved light outcoupling
    76.
    发明授权
    OLED with improved light outcoupling 有权
    OLED具有改进的光输出耦合

    公开(公告)号：US09508957B2

    公开(公告)日：2016-11-29

    申请号：US12531595

    申请日：2008-03-31

    申请人： Stephen Forrest ,  Yiru Sun

    发明人： Stephen Forrest ,  Yiru Sun

    IPC分类号： H05B33/14 ,  H01L51/52 ,  H01L51/50

    CPC分类号： H01L51/5275 ,  H01L51/5012

    摘要： An OLED may include regions of a material having a refractive index less than that of the substrate, or of the organic region, allowing for emitted light in a waveguide mode to be extracted into air. These regions can be placed adjacent to the emissive regions of an OLED in a direction parallel to the electrodes. The substrate may also be given a nonstandard shape to further improve the conversion of waveguide mode and/or glass mode light to air mode. The outcoupling efficiency of such a device may be up to two to three times the efficiency of a standard OLED. Methods for fabricating such a transparent or top-emitting OLED is also provided.

    摘要翻译： OLED可以包括具有小于衬底或有机区域的折射率的材料的区域，从而允许波导模式中的发射光被提取到空气中。 这些区域可以在与电极平行的方向上与OLED的发射区域相邻放置。 衬底也可以被赋予非标准形状，以进一步改善波导模式和/或玻璃模式光到空气模式的转换。 这种器件的输出耦合效率可高达标准OLED效率的两到三倍。 还提供了制造这种透明或顶部发光OLED的方法。

    System and method for depositing thin layers on non-planar substrates by stamping
    77.
    发明授权
    System and method for depositing thin layers on non-planar substrates by stamping 有权
    通过冲压在非平面基板上沉积薄层的系统和方法

    公开(公告)号：US08631759B2

    公开(公告)日：2014-01-21

    申请号：US12697357

    申请日：2010-02-01

    申请人： Stephen Forrest ,  Xin Xu ,  Xiangfei Qi ,  Marcelo Davanco

    发明人： Stephen Forrest ,  Xin Xu ,  Xiangfei Qi ,  Marcelo Davanco

    IPC分类号： B05C1/00 ,  B05C11/00 ,  C23C14/00

    CPC分类号： H01L51/0004 ,  B29D11/00807 ,  B82Y10/00 ,  B82Y40/00 ,  G03F7/0002 ,  H01L51/0022

    摘要： An elastomeric stamp is used to deposit material on a non-planar substrate. A vacuum mold is used to deform the elastomeric stamp and pressure is applied to transfer material from the stamp to the substrate. By decreasing the vacuum applied by the vacuum mold, the elasticity of the stamp may be used to apply this pressure. Pressure also may be applied by applying a force to the substrate and/or the stamp. The use of an elastomeric stamp allows for patterned layers to be deposited on a non-planar substrate with reduced chance of damage to the patterned layer.

    摘要翻译： 使用弹性体印模将材料沉积在非平面基底上。 使用真空模具来使弹性体印模变形，施加压力以将材料从印模转移到基底。 通过减小由真空模具施加的真空度，可以使用印模的弹性来施加该压力。 也可以通过向衬底和/或印模施加力来施加压力。 使用弹性体印记允许图案化层被沉积在非平面基板上，同时具有减小对图案化层的损伤的机会。

    MICROFLUIDIC DEVICE AND METHOD USING DOUBLE ANODIC BONDING
    78.
    发明申请
    MICROFLUIDIC DEVICE AND METHOD USING DOUBLE ANODIC BONDING 有权
    微流体装置和使用双极阳极结合的方法

    公开(公告)号：US20130068165A1

    公开(公告)日：2013-03-21

    申请号：US13235981

    申请日：2011-09-19

    申请人： Stephen Forrest ,  Gregory McGraw ,  Siddharth Harikrishna Mohan ,  Diane L. Peters

    发明人： Stephen Forrest ,  Gregory McGraw ,  Siddharth Harikrishna Mohan ,  Diane L. Peters

    IPC分类号： C23C16/04 ,  B32B37/02

    CPC分类号： C23C14/12 ,  C23C14/228 ,  C23C14/243 ,  Y10T137/85938

    摘要： A microfluidic device for use with a microfluidic delivery system, such as an organic vapor jet printing device, includes a glass layer that is directly bonded to a microfabricated die and a metal plate via a double anodic bond. The double anodic bond is formed by forming a first anodic bond at an interface of the microfabricated die and the glass layer, and forming a second anodic bond at an interface of the metal plate and the glass layer, where the second anodic bond is formed using a voltage that is lower than the voltage used to form the first anodic bond. The second anodic bond is formed with the polarity of the voltage reversed with respect to the glass layer and the formation of the first anodic bond. The metal plate includes attachment features that allow removal of the microfluidic device from a fixture.

    摘要翻译： 用于微流体递送系统的微流体装置，例如有机蒸气喷射印刷装置，包括通过双阳极结合直接结合到微加工模具和金属板的玻璃层。 通过在微细晶粒和玻璃层的界面处形成第一阳极结，并在金属板和玻璃层的界面处形成第二阳极结，形成双阳极结，其中使用 电压低于用于形成第一阳极键的电压。 第二阳极键形成为相对于玻璃层反转的电压的极性和第一阳极键的形成。 金属板包括允许将微流体装置从夹具中移出的附件特征。

    Antenna Fabrication with Three-Dimensional Contoured Substrates
    80.
    发明申请
    Antenna Fabrication with Three-Dimensional Contoured Substrates 有权
    天线制造与三维轮廓基板

    公开(公告)号：US20120007791A1

    公开(公告)日：2012-01-12

    申请号：US13176053

    申请日：2011-07-05

    申请人： Anthony Grbic ,  Carl Pfeiffer ,  Xin Xu ,  Stephen Forrest

    发明人： Anthony Grbic ,  Carl Pfeiffer ,  Xin Xu ,  Stephen Forrest

    IPC分类号： H01Q1/36 ,  H01P11/00

    CPC分类号： H01Q11/083 ,  H01Q1/38 ,  H01Q9/27 ,  H01Q11/08

    摘要： Disclosed herein is a method of fabricating an antenna in which a flexible stamp is formed from a first wafer, the first wafer transferring a pattern to the flexible stamp, in which an antenna substrate is shaped into a three-dimensional contour with a second mold, in which the flexible stamp is positioned in the second mold to deform the flexible stamp into the three-dimensional contour, and in which a metallic layer on the flexible stamp is cold welded to create a set of antenna traces on the antenna substrate in accordance with the pattern. The antenna traces may then be electroplated.

    摘要翻译： 本文公开了一种制造天线的方法，其中从第一晶片形成柔性印模，第一晶片将图案传送到柔性印模，其中天线基板用第二模具成形为三维轮廓， 其中柔性印模定位在第二模具中，以将柔性印模变形成三维轮廓，并且其中柔性印模上的金属层被冷焊以在天线基板上产生一组天线迹线，根据 模式。 然后可以电镀天线迹线。