摘要:
Methods for forming optical fiber preforms are disclosed. According to one embodiment, a method for forming an optical fiber preform includes forming a preform core portion from silica-based glass soot. The silica-based glass soot may include at least one dopant species for altering an index of refraction of the preform core portion. A selective diffusion layer of silica-based glass soot may be formed around the preform core portion to form a soot preform. The selective diffusion layer may have an as-formed density greater than the density of the preform core portion. A diffusing species may be diffused through the selective diffusion layer into the preform core portion. The soot preform may be sintered such that the selective diffusion layer has a barrier density which is greater than the as-formed density and the selective diffusion layer prevents diffusion of the at least one dopant species through the selective diffusion layer.
摘要:
Laser-processed gradient-index (GRIN) lenses and optical interface devices and assemblies that utilize the laser-processed GRIN lenses are disclosed. A GRIN lens assembly includes a cylindrical central section having a GRIN index profile, planar front and back surfaces, an outer surface, and a diameter D1 where 200 micrometers≦D1≦420 micrometers. An annular cladding of outer diameter D2 surrounds the central section outer surface and has front and back annular surfaces and a constant or a varying refractive index. One or both of the front and back annular surfaces may be curved. An optical fiber is optically coupled to the central section at the planar back surface. An optical interface device is formed by operably supporting at least one GRIN lens assembly with a support member. An optical interface assembly is formed by interfacing two optical interface devices.
摘要:
A particulate filter may comprise an inlet end, an outlet end, and a plurality of channels disposed and configured to flow fluid from the inlet end to the outlet end, wherein the channels are defined by porous walls configured to trap particulate matter. The porous walls may have a total porosity greater than about 45%, a median pore size ranging from about 13 micrometers to about 20 micrometers, and a pore size distribution such that pores less than 10 micrometers contribute less than about 10% porosity.
摘要:
Disclosed are ceramic honeycomb articles which possess a unique microstructure characterized by porosity between 40% and 70%, and the presence of coarse pores exhibiting a depth equivalent to the thickness of the cell wall and a dimensional width, in the plane of the cell wall, exhibiting a diameter that is at least as large as the thickness of the cell wall. The articles exhibits reduced filtration efficiency coupled with low pressure drop across the filter, and a reduced regeneration need. Such ceramic articles are particularly well suited for filtration applications, such as off-road and retro-fit diesel exhaust filters or DPFs. Also disclosed is a method for manufacturing the ceramic article wherein the pore former is capable of forming coarse pores.
摘要:
A particulate filter may comprise an inlet end, an outlet end, and a plurality of channels disposed and configured to flow fluid from the inlet end to the outlet end, wherein the channels are defined by porous walls configured to trap particulate matter. The porous walls may have a total porosity greater than about 45%, a median pore size ranging from about 13 micrometers to about 20 micrometers, and a pore size distribution such that pores less than 10 micrometers contribute less than about 10% porosity.
摘要:
Disclosed are high purity synthetic silica glass material having a high OH concentration homogeneity in a plane perpendicular to the optical axis, and process of making the same. The glass has high refractive index homogeneity. The glass can have high internal transmission of at least 99.65%/cm at 193 nm. The process does not require a post-sintering homogenization step. The controlling factors for high compositional homogeneity, thus high refractive index homogeneity, include high initial local soot density uniformity in the soot preform and slow sintering, notably isothermal treatment during consolidation.
摘要:
Disclosed are process and apparatus for making high purity fused silica glass materials. The process involves depositing soot particles onto an essentially planar deposition supporting surface and modulation of motion of the soot-generating device relative to the deposition supporting surface to result in a low local soot density variation. The apparatus is designed to implement the planar deposition process. The invention makes it possible to produce fused silica glass without the use of potentially contaminating refractory bricks.
摘要:
Layered glass structures and fabrication methods are described. The methods include depositing soot on a dense glass substrate to form a composite structure and sintering the composite structure to form a layered glass structure. The dense glass substrate may be derived from an optical fiber preform that has been modified to include a planar surface. The composite structure may include one or more soot layers. The layered glass structure may be formed by combining multiple composite structures to form a stack, followed by sintering and fusing the stack. The layered glass structure may further be heated to softening and drawn to control linear dimensions. The layered glass structure or drawn layered glass structure may be configured as a planar waveguide.
摘要:
Methods of forming an overclad portion of an optical fiber are described which include positioning a core cane member in an overclad tube to form a rod and tube assembly. Thereafter, glass soot pellets are positioned in the rod and tube assembly between the core cane member and an interior sidewall of the overclad tube. The rod and tube assembly is then redrawn under conditions effective to form the overclad tube and the glass soot pellets into a continuous, void-free glass layer surrounding the core cane member at a sintering time tsinter of at least 1800 seconds thereby forming an overclad portion of an optical fiber.
摘要:
A partial wall-flow filter having some unplugged flow-through channels and some plugged channels. Desirable combinations of filtration efficiency and back pressure may be provided by combinations of t wall≦305 urn, MPD≦20 μm, % P≧50%, and CD≧250 cpsi wherein t wall is the transverse thickness of the porous walls, MPD is a mean pore diameter of the porous walls, % P is the total porosity of the porous walls, and CD is the cell density of the channels. In one embodiment, some of the plugged channels are located adjacent to the inlet end and some are located adjacent to the outlet end. Systems and method including the partial wall-flow filter are also described.