摘要:
A process for producing ethanol and, in particular, to a process for reducing the concentration of acetic acid in a crude ethanol product by esterifying unreacted acetic acid with an alcohol.
摘要:
Disclosed is a process for producing glycolate ester oligomers. The process comprises reacting ethylene glycol and glycolic acid to produce a stream of glycolate ester oligomers and glycolic acid oligomers while simultaneously removing water. The stream of glycolate ester oligomers and glycolic acid oligomers has a low concentration of water and glycolic acid-ends, and thus is useful in a subsequent hydrogenation reaction to produce ethylene glycol.
摘要:
A catalyst composition comprising tin and optionally a second metal for use in the production of alcohols such as ethanol from carboxylic acids such as acetic acid. An acidic solution such as nitric acid is utilized in the preparation of the catalyst according to one embodiment of the present invention to better solubilize an organometallic tin precursor resulting in the formation of catalysts having particularly high selectivity to ethanol.
摘要:
A hydride transfer process within a reaction between an alcohol and a ketone and in the presence of a heterogeneous catalyst is described. The process can transfer a hydride from an alcohol to a ketone, thus enabling reduction of the ketone and oxidation of the alcohol. Further described, is a process for the simultaneous preparation of cyclohexanone and isopropanol enabling an optimized industrial operation. A mixture of compounds useful for implementing the process and comprising two different ketones and two different alcohols is also described.
摘要:
A method and system for converting intermittent renewable energy and renewable carbonaceous feedstock to non-intermittent renewable electrical and thermal energy, storing it as fuels and chemicals and using it to capture and re-use or dispose of CO2 emissions. The system in a preferred embodiment is realized through the generation of non-intermittent renewable electricity utilizing intermittent renewable energy sources along with gaseous fuel from renewable carbonaceous feedstock, producing oxygen and hydrogen from non-intermittent renewable electricity and utilizing the oxygen and hydrogen as required for gasification of renewable carbonaceous feedstock to produce gaseous fuel stream and gaseous intermediate stream, utilizing the gaseous intermediate stream to produce renewable fuels and renewable chemicals, and utilizing oxygen for oxy-rich combustion for concentrating CO2 emissions for easy processing, re-use and disposal.
摘要:
In one embodiment, the invention is to a process for producing ethanol, comprising the step of reacting carbon monoxide with at least one reactant in a reactor containing a reaction medium to produce a liquid reaction product comprising acetic acid. The process further comprises the step of separating the reaction product in a flasher into a liquid recycle stream and a vapor stream. The vapor stream is then distilled in a rectification tower and an overhead stream and an acetic acid stream are withdrawn therefrom, wherein the acetic acid is substantially free of halogen promoters. The process further comprises the step of hydrogenating acetic acid of the acetic acid stream in the presence of a second catalyst and under conditions effective to form a crude ethanol product comprising ethanol and water. Ethanol is recovered from the crude ethanol product.
摘要:
A method of forming methanol formaldehyde, formic acid and ammonium pentaborate tetrahydrate includes the steps of providing ammonium hydroxide and producing air bubbles within the ammonium hydroxide to form a solution. Sodium borohydride is added and dissolved within the solution of air bubbled ammonium hydroxide to form methanol formaldehyde, formic acid and ammonium pentaborate tetrahydrate. An alternative method of forming methanol formaldehyde, formic acid and ammonium pentaborate tetrahydrate is also provided which includes the steps of providing ammonium hydroxide and dissolving sodium borohydride therein to form a solution. Sodium bicarbonate is added to the solution of ammonium hydroxide and sodium borohydride to form methanol formaldehyde, formic acid and ammonium pentaborate tetrahydrate.
摘要:
The invention provides a process for the preparation of an alkylene glycol from an alkene wherein conversion of alkylene oxide to alkylene glycol occurs in an alkylene oxide absorber and optionally in further reactors, and alkylene glycol is extracted from fat absorbent by contacting the fat absorbent with a lean solvent, thereby producing fat solvent, recovering alkylene glycol from the fat solvent and recycling the lean solvent.
摘要:
The present invention relates to the recovery of ethanol from a crude ethanol product obtained from the hydrogenation of acetic acid. Separation and purification processes of crude ethanol product are employed to allow recovery of an anhydrous ethanol composition. The process involves separating the crude ethanol product using one or more extractive distillation columns that employ one or more extractive agents. The anhydrous ethanol composition comprises less than 1 wt. % water, based on the total weight of the anhydrous ethanol composition.
摘要:
The present invention provides a catalyst for producing alcohols from carboxylic acids by hydrogenation, containing Co metal as an essential component and one or more elements selected from Zr, Y, La, Ce, Si, Al, Sc, V and Mo as a first co-catalyst component, and having 20% or more of cubic phase in the crystal phase of the Co metal, the method for producing the catalyst, and the method for producing an alcohol from a carboxylic acid as a raw material by hydrogenation using the catalyst.