公开(公告)号：US07893799B1

公开(公告)日：2011-02-22

申请号：US12101659

申请日：2008-04-11

申请人： James M. Slicker ,  Gondi Kondaiah Ananthasuresh

发明人： James M. Slicker ,  Gondi Kondaiah Ananthasuresh

IPC分类号： H01H51/22

CPC分类号： H01H1/0036 ,  H01H2001/0047 ,  H01H2001/0078 ,  H01H2061/006

摘要： A microelectromechanical (MEMS) switch includes a substrate, a force-activated latching mechanism, and a spring-loaded shuttle. The latching mechanism has a proximal end and a distal end. In an embodiment, the latching mechanism includes two flexible latch arms each fixed at or about a proximal end and having a free distal end, and a connector connecting the latch arms. The spring-loaded shuttle includes a shuttle portion including a portion configured for engaging portions of the latch arms. The shuttle portion further being configured to translate about the substrate. The latching mechanism and the shuttle may be configured to include an electrical contact layer such that when the latch arms are engaged with the shuttle portion, a closed electrical circuit can be formed.

摘要翻译： 微机电（MEMS）开关包括基板，力激活的闭锁机构和弹簧加载的梭。 闭锁机构具有近端和远端。 在一个实施例中，闩锁机构包括两个柔性闩锁臂，每个固定在近端处或围绕近端并且具有自由远端，以及连接闩锁臂的连接器。 弹簧加载梭包括穿梭部分，其包括构造成用于接合闩锁臂的部分的部分。 穿梭部分还被配置成围绕基底平移。 闩锁机构和梭子可以被配置为包括电接触层，使得当闩锁臂与梭子部分接合时，可以形成闭合的电路。

公开(公告)号：US5403249A

公开(公告)日：1995-04-04

申请号：US165957

申请日：1993-12-14

申请人： James M. Slicker

发明人： James M. Slicker

IPC分类号： F16D43/22 ,  B60K23/02 ,  B60W10/02 ,  B60W10/10 ,  F16D28/00 ,  F16D48/02 ,  F16D48/06 ,  G05D17/02 ,  B60K41/28 ,  F16D43/00

CPC分类号： F16D48/06 ,  B60W2510/0241 ,  B60W2540/10 ,  B60W2710/023 ,  F16D2500/10412 ,  F16D2500/1045 ,  F16D2500/3067 ,  F16D2500/30806 ,  F16D2500/30816 ,  F16D2500/3144 ,  F16D2500/50293 ,  F16D2500/7041 ,  F16D2500/70631 ,  F16D2500/70642 ,  F16D2500/70668 ,  Y10T477/755

摘要： An automatic clutch controller for a vehicle that reduces the oscillatory response to clutch engagement. The automatic clutch controller receives inputs from an engine speed sensor and a transmission input speed sensor and develops a clutch actuation signal controlling a clutch actuator from disengaged to fully engaged. The clutch engagement signal at least partially engages the friction clutch in a manner to cause the measured transmission input speed to asymptotically approach engine speed employing an approximate inverse model of this oscillatory response. The automatic clutch controller preferably includes a slip integral function and a differential engine speed function, which together adaptively adjust clutch engagement corresponding to vehicle loading. The automatic clutch controller includes a prefilter and a compensator constructed to reduce the need for detailed particularization for individual vehicles or vehicle models.A lag compensation function in the compensator adds robustness to the system by increasing low frequency gain. A freeze function suspends operation of the slip integral, the prefilter and the compensator during engine deceleration or when throttle position is high and engine speed is low, to moderate or stop clutch advance to prevent engine overloading.

摘要翻译： 一种用于车辆的自动离合器控制器，其减小对离合器接合的振荡响应。 自动离合器控制器接收来自发动机速度传感器和变速器输入速度传感器的输入，并且开发离合器致动信号，其控制离合器致动器从分离到完全接合。 离合器接合信号至少部分地接合摩擦离合器，使得所测量的变速器输入速度使用该振荡响应的近似逆模型渐近地接近发动机转速。 自动离合器控制器优选地包括滑动积分功能和差速发动机转速功能，它们一起自适应地调节对应于车辆负载的离合器接合。 自动离合器控制器包括预滤器和补偿器，其被构造成减少对各个车辆或车辆模型的详细特征化的需要。 补偿器中的滞后补偿功能通过增加低频增益增加了系统的鲁棒性。 在发动机减速期间，或者当节气门位置高，发动机转速低时，冻结功能暂停滑差积分，预过滤器和补偿器的运转，中止或停止离合器前进以防止发动机过载。

公开(公告)号：US5293316A

公开(公告)日：1994-03-08

申请号：US772204

申请日：1991-10-07

申请人： James M. Slicker

发明人： James M. Slicker

IPC分类号： F16D43/22 ,  B60W10/02 ,  B60W10/10 ,  F16D48/02 ,  F16D48/06 ,  G06F15/50

CPC分类号： F16D48/066 ,  B60W2540/10 ,  B60W2710/023 ,  F16D2500/1045 ,  F16D2500/30426 ,  F16D2500/3067 ,  F16D2500/3144 ,  F16D2500/3166 ,  F16D2500/50206 ,  F16D2500/50212 ,  F16D2500/70247 ,  F16D2500/70252 ,  F16D2500/7027 ,  F16D2500/70282 ,  F16D2500/7041 ,  F16D2500/70626 ,  F16D2500/70668 ,  Y10T477/6425

摘要： An automatic clutch controller for a vehicle that reduces the oscillatory response to clutch engagement. The automatic clutch controller receives inputs from an engine speed sensor and a transmission input speed sensor and develops a clutch engagement signal controlling a clutch actuator between from disengaged to fully engaged. The clutch engagement signal at least partially engages the friction clutch in a manner to cause the measured transmission input speed to asymptotically approach a reference speed employing an approximate inverse model of this oscillatory response. In a launch mode, corresponding to normal start of the vehicle, the reference speed is the measured engine speed. In a creep mode, corresponding to slow speed creeping of the vehicle, the reference speed is a creep speed reference based on the throttle setting and the engine speed. The two modes are selected based upon the throttle setting. The automatic clutch controller preferably includes an integral error function and a differential engine speed function, which together adaptively adjust clutch engagement corresponding to vehicle loading.

摘要翻译： 一种用于车辆的自动离合器控制器，其减小对离合器接合的振荡响应。 自动离合器控制器接收来自发动机速度传感器和变速器输入速度传感器的输入，并且开发离合器接合信号，其控制离合器致动器从脱开到完全接合。 离合器接合信号至少部分地接合摩擦离合器，以使得所测量的变速器输入速度使用该振荡响应的近似逆模型渐近地接近参考速度。 在发射模式下，对应于车辆的正常启动，基准速度是测量的发动机转速。 在爬行模式下，对应于车辆的慢速爬行，基准速度是基于节气门设定和发动机转速的爬行速度参考。 根据油门设定选择两种模式。 自动离合器控制器优选地包括积分误差函数和差速发动机转速功能，其一起自适应地调节对应于车辆负载的离合器接合。

公开(公告)号：US4819597A

公开(公告)日：1989-04-11

申请号：US177714

申请日：1988-04-05

申请人： Allan R. Gale ,  James M. Slicker

发明人： Allan R. Gale ,  James M. Slicker

IPC分类号： F02D11/10 ,  F02D41/26 ,  G05B9/03 ,  G05B11/28

CPC分类号： F02D41/266 ,  F02D11/106 ,  F02D11/107 ,  G05B9/03

摘要： A torque motor and throttle body are integrated within a single assembly for application with an internal combustion engine charge air inlet. The butterfly valving element of the throttle body and rotor of the motor are mounted on a common shaft, the position of which is established by a fly-by-wire control circuit. The control circuit includes a driver which selectively energizes the motor in response to the simultaneous receipt of both duty cycle and pulse with information. The control circuit further provides redundant outputs and transducers to enhance system failsafing.

摘要翻译： 扭矩电动机和节气门体集成在单个组件内，用于内燃机增压空气入口的应用。 节气门体的马达元件和电动机的转子安装在公共轴上，其位置通过线控控制电路建立。 控制电路包括驱动器，其响应于同时接收到占空比和具有信号的脉冲而选择性地激励电动机。 控制电路还提供冗余输出和换能器，以增强系统故障。

公开(公告)号：US5404301A

公开(公告)日：1995-04-04

申请号：US72486

申请日：1993-06-07

申请人： James M. Slicker

发明人： James M. Slicker

IPC分类号： F16H61/00 ,  B60K23/02 ,  B60T13/68 ,  F16D43/28 ,  F16D48/02 ,  F16D48/06 ,  F16H61/02 ,  F16H61/28 ,  G05D17/02 ,  G06F15/50

CPC分类号： F16H61/0251 ,  F16D48/066 ,  B60W2710/022 ,  F16D2500/3022 ,  F16D2500/3026 ,  F16D2500/3028 ,  F16D2500/7041 ,  F16D2500/70418 ,  F16D2500/7061 ,  F16D2500/7109 ,  F16H2061/0255 ,  Y10T477/693635 ,  Y10T477/69365 ,  Y10T477/693964

摘要： Pulse frequency modulation is used to control brakes and clutches which are operated by fluid pressure actuators controlled by electrically actuated solenoid valves. Short pulse periods for all duty cycles are generated by feedback from the solenoid valve or from the actuator. In one circuit an electrical control triggers a flip-flop which starts solenoid current. Solenoid movement results in back-emf and its effects on the solenoid flux field or current is detected and used as a feedback signal to reset the flip-flop to thereby turn off the current as soon as the valve is operated. In another circuit, a computer control emits a command for a certain pulse period. Actuator pressure or position is monitored to produce a feedback signal to the computer. If the signal is not received, the pulse period is increased for the next pulse command so that a sufficient pulse period will be found. If the magnitude of the actuator response exceeds a threshold, the pulse period is decreased for the next pulse command. Pulse width modulation may also be improved by the same technique for minimizing the pulse period at the lowest duty cycles and yet assuring actuation.

摘要翻译： 脉冲频率调制用于控制由电动电磁阀控制的流体压力致动器操作的制动器和离合器。 所有占空比的短脉冲周期都是通过电磁阀或执行器的反馈产生的。 在一个电路中，电气控制触发启动电磁铁电流的触发器。 电磁铁运动导致反电动势，并且其对电磁线圈磁场或电流的影响被检测并用作反馈信号以复位触发器，从而一旦操作阀就关闭电流。 在另一电路中，计算机控制器发出特定脉冲周期的命令。 执行器压力或位置被监控以产生到计算机的反馈信号。 如果没有接收到信号，则下一个脉冲命令的脉冲周期会增加，以便发现足够的脉冲周期。 如果致动器响应的大小超过阈值，则下一个脉冲命令的脉冲周期减小。 脉冲宽度调制也可以通过相同的技术来改善，以使在最低占空比下的脉冲周期最小化并确保致动。

公开(公告)号：US4458194A

公开(公告)日：1984-07-03

申请号：US318087

申请日：1981-11-04

申请人： Steven Geppert ,  James M. Slicker

发明人： Steven Geppert ,  James M. Slicker

IPC分类号： H02M7/5387 ,  H02P27/08 ,  H02P5/40

CPC分类号： H02M7/53873 ,  H02P27/08 ,  H02P2207/01

摘要： An inverter is connected between a source of DC power and a three-phase AC induction motor, and a micro-processor-based circuit controls the inverter using pulse width modulation techniques. In the disclosed method of pulse width modulation, both edges of each pulse of a carrier pulse train are equally modulated by a time proportional to sin .THETA., where .THETA. is the angular displacement of the pulse center at the motor stator frequency from a fixed reference point on the carrier waveform. The carrier waveform frequency is a multiple of the motor stator frequency. The modulated pulse train is then applied to each of the motor phase inputs with respective phase shifts of 120.degree. at the stator frequency. Switching control commands of electronic switches in the inverter are stored in a random access memory (RAM) and the locations of the RAM are successively read out in a cyclic manner, each bit of a given RAM location controlling a respective phase input of the motor. The DC power source preferably comprises rechargeable batteries and all but one of the electronic switches in the inverter can be disabled, the remaining electronic switch being part of a "flyback" DC-DC converter circuit for recharging the battery.

摘要翻译： 逆变器连接在直流电源和三相交流感应电动机之间，基于微处理器的电路使用脉宽调制技术控制逆变器。 在所公开的脉冲宽度调制方法中，载波脉冲串的每个脉冲的两个边沿被均匀地调制成与sin THETA成比例的时间，其中THETA是电动机定子频率处的脉冲中心从固定参考点 在载波波形上。 载波波形频率是电机定子频率的倍数。 然后将调制的脉冲序列施加到每个电动机相位输入，在定子频率处以相应的120°相移。 反相器中的电子开关的切换控制命令被存储在随机存取存储器（RAM）中，并且以循环的方式连续地读出RAM的位置，给定的RAM位置的每一位控制电机的相应的相位输入。 直流电源优选地包括可充电电池，并且逆变器中除电子开关之外的所有电子开关都可以被禁用，剩余的电子开关是用于对电池再充电的“反激”DC-DC转换器电路的一部分。

公开(公告)号：US4223260A

公开(公告)日：1980-09-16

申请号：US938431

申请日：1978-08-31

申请人： Larry D. Beer ,  James M. Slicker

发明人： Larry D. Beer ,  James M. Slicker

IPC分类号： H02P8/12 ,  H02K37/00

CPC分类号： H02P8/12

摘要： Apparatus is disclosed for converting input step and direction commands from an external control source into stator winding drive current signals for a permanent magnet stepper motor. A translator circuit, having inputs coupled to the external control, generates sequential stator winding pulse enabling signals for transmission to a chopper-controlled power drive circuit. The chopper control features the sharing of a single chopper power switch by pairs of stator windings. The power drive circuit provides a winding current path to a reverse voltage supply upon initiation of winding current turn-off to enhance switching speed. A dual level current reference is generated in a current regulator circuit and compared with instantaneous stator winding currents to control the conduction states of the chopper power switches. Dual reference levels are established for idle versus accelerating or decelerating motor states, respectively. The translator circuit includes means for inhibiting chopper power switch conduction independently of the current regulator reference level comparison whenever the translator is switching drive current among stator windings, thereby decreasing power dissipation due to transients.

摘要翻译： 公开了用于将来自外部控制源的输入步进和方向命令转换成用于永磁步进电动机的定子绕组驱动电流信号的装置。 具有耦合到外部控制的输入的转换器电路产生顺序的定子绕组脉冲使能信号以传输到斩波控制的功率驱动电路。 斩波器控制功能是通过成对的定子绕组共享单个斩波器电源开关。 电源驱动电路在启动绕组电流关断时提供到反向电压源的绕组电流路径，以提高开关速度。 在电流调节器电路中产生双电平电流基准，并与瞬时定子绕组电流进行比较，以控制斩波电源开关的导通状态。 分别为空载与加速或减速电机状态建立双参考电平。 转换器电路包括仅当转换器在定子绕组之间切换驱动电流时，独立于电流调节器参考电平比较来禁止斩波器功率开关导通的装置，从而减少由于瞬变而引起的功率耗散。

公开(公告)号：US06853898B2

公开(公告)日：2005-02-08

申请号：US10269308

申请日：2002-10-11

申请人： Michael E. Farmer ,  James M. Slicker

发明人： Michael E. Farmer ,  James M. Slicker

IPC分类号： B60R21/16 ,  B60R21/00 ,  B60R21/01 ,  B60R21/013 ,  B60R21/015 ,  G06K9/00 ,  G06K9/62 ,  G06T5/00 ,  G06T7/00 ,  G06T7/20 ,  G06F7/00

CPC分类号： B60R21/01542 ,  B60R21/01538 ,  B60R21/01552 ,  B60R21/01556 ,  B60R21/01558 ,  B60R2021/0044 ,  B60R2021/01315 ,  G06K9/00362 ,  G06K9/00369 ,  G06K9/00832 ,  G06K9/626 ,  G06T7/12 ,  G06T7/174 ,  G06T7/215 ,  G06T7/254 ,  G06T7/277 ,  G06T7/74 ,  G06T2207/10016 ,  G06T2207/10048 ,  G06T2207/30268

摘要： An invention is disclosed to divide a segmented image of an occupant into an upper torso image and a lower torso image. An occupant labeling heuristic can identify each pixel within the segmented image as an upper torso pixel or a lower torso pixel. A k-means module can provide an initial pixel classification by comparing the distance between the particular pixel and an estimated midpoint on the upper torso with the distance between the particular pixel and an estimated midpoint on the lower torso. The iterative parameters estimator can update the mean values for the upper torso and lower torso by performing a conditional likelihood heuristic. Pixels can then be classified as either upper or lower torso pixels by comparing a Mahalonobis distance for each torso. Airbag-related applications can then use the upper torso image to generate occupant characteristics relevant to airbag-related applications.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种将乘客的分割图像划分为上躯干图像和下躯干图像的发明。 乘员标签启发式可以将分割图像中的每个像素识别为上躯干像素或下躯干像素。 k-装置模块可以通过将特定像素之间的距离和上躯干上的估计中点与特定像素之间的距离与下躯干上的估计中点进行比较来提供初始像素分类。 迭代参数估计器可以通过执行条件似然启发式来更新上躯干和下躯干的平均值。 然后可以通过比较每个躯干的Mahalonobis距离将像素分类为上或下躯干像素。 然后，安全气囊相关的应用可以使用上部躯干图像来产生与安全气囊相关的应用相关的乘员特征。

公开(公告)号：US06289882B1

公开(公告)日：2001-09-18

申请号：US09502415

申请日：2000-02-10

申请人： James M. Slicker

发明人： James M. Slicker

IPC分类号： F02B3300

CPC分类号： F02B39/12 ,  F02B33/38

摘要： A supercharger clutch system has a clutch housing (52) in which a clutch pack (84) is disposed to transmit torque from an input, such as a pulley (66), to one of the timing gears (58). The clutch pack (84) is disposed within a cage (92), having a spring seat member (98) adjacent thereto. A set of springs (104) biases the seat member and the clutch cage (92) to engage the clutch pack (84). On the opposite side, axially, of the clutch pack there is a piston (76) including a portion (80) surrounding the clutch cage (92) and engaging the seat member (98). The piston (76) and the clutch housing (52) define a pressure chamber (106) which, when pressurized, causes movement of the piston in a direction compressing the springs (104) and disengaging the clutch pack. The invention provides a method of controlling the clutch system by means of an electrohydraulic valve (110) which can communicate the pressure chamber (106) to either high pressure (112) or low pressure (132). The valve (110) is controlled by sensing throttle position (141) and modifying a command signal (130) to a coil (126) of the valve (110) in response to the throttle position (141), so that the rate of clutch engagement may be modulated in response to throttle position.

摘要翻译： 增压器离合器系统具有离合器壳体（52），离合器组件设置成将扭矩从诸如滑轮（66）的输入传递到正时齿轮（58）中的一个。 离合器组件（84）设置在具有与其相邻的弹簧座构件（98）的保持架（92）内。 一组弹簧（104）偏置座椅构件和离合器保持架（92）以接合离合器组件（84）。 在离合器组件的相对侧，存在包括围绕离合器保持架（92）并与座椅构件（98）接合的部分（80）的活塞（76）。 活塞（76）和离合器壳体（52）限定了压力室（106），当加压时，压力室使压缩弹簧（104）的方向使活塞移动并使离合器组件脱离。 本发明提供一种通过可将压力室（106）连通到高压（112）或低压（132）的电动液压阀（110）来控制离合器系统的方法。 响应于节气门位置（141），通过感测节气门位置（141）和将指令信号（130）修改到阀门（110）的线圈（126）来控制阀门110，使得离合器 可以响应于节气门位置来调节接合。

公开(公告)号：US5275267A

公开(公告)日：1994-01-04

申请号：US772778

申请日：1991-10-07

申请人： James M. Slicker

发明人： James M. Slicker

IPC分类号： F16D43/22 ,  B60K23/02 ,  B60W10/02 ,  B60W10/10 ,  F16D28/00 ,  F16D48/02 ,  F16D48/06 ,  G05D17/02 ,  B60K41/28 ,  F16D43/00

CPC分类号： F16D48/066 ,  B60W2510/0241 ,  B60W2540/10 ,  B60W2710/023 ,  F16D2500/1045 ,  F16D2500/30426 ,  F16D2500/3067 ,  F16D2500/3144 ,  F16D2500/3166 ,  F16D2500/50206 ,  F16D2500/50212 ,  F16D2500/70247 ,  F16D2500/70252 ,  F16D2500/7027 ,  F16D2500/70282 ,  F16D2500/7041 ,  F16D2500/70626 ,  F16D2500/70668 ,  Y10T477/755

摘要： An automatic clutch controller for a vehicle that reduces the oscillatory response to clutch engagement. The automatic clutch controller receives inputs from an engine speed sensor and a transmission input speed sensor and develops a clutch actuation signal controlling a clutch actuator between from disengaged to fully engaged. The clutch engagement signal at least partially engages the friction clutch in a manner to cause the measured transmission input speed to asymptotically approach a reference speed employing an approximate inverse model of this oscillatory response. In a launch mode, corresponding to normal start of the vehicle, the reference speed is the measured engine speed. In a creep mode, corresponding to slow speed creeping of the vehicle, the reference speed is a creep speed reference based on the throttle setting and the engine speed. The two modes are selected based upon the throttle setting. The automatic clutch controller preferably includes an integral error function and a differential engine speed function, which together adaptively adjust clutch engagement corresponding to vehicle loading. The automatic clutch controller includes a prefilter and a compensator constructed to reduce the need for detailed particularization for individual vehicles or vehicle models.

摘要翻译： 一种用于车辆的自动离合器控制器，其减小对离合器接合的振荡响应。 自动离合器控制器接收来自发动机速度传感器和变速器输入速度传感器的输入，并且开发离合器致动信号，其控制离合器致动器从脱开到完全接合。 离合器接合信号至少部分地接合摩擦离合器，以使得所测量的变速器输入速度使用该振荡响应的近似逆模型渐近地接近参考速度。 在发射模式下，对应于车辆的正常启动，基准速度是测量的发动机转速。 在爬行模式下，对应于车辆的慢速爬行，基准速度是基于节气门设定和发动机转速的爬行速度参考。 根据油门设定选择两种模式。 自动离合器控制器优选地包括积分误差函数和差速发动机转速功能，其一起自适应地调节对应于车辆负载的离合器接合。 自动离合器控制器包括预滤器和补偿器，其被构造成减少对各个车辆或车辆模型的详细特征化的需要。