摘要:
A process for producing a 3-anilino-5-pyrazolone which comprises reacting a .beta.-anilino-.beta.-alkoxy-acrylate with a hydrazine in the presence of a compound having a pKa of about 8 up to about 14.
摘要:
A method for the preparation of a .beta.-anilino-.beta.-hydrazinoacrylate which comprises reacting a .beta.-anilino-.beta.-alkoxyacrylate with a hydrazine. .beta.-Anilino-.beta.-hydrazinoacrylates are valuable intermediates in preparing 3-anilino-5-pyrazolone magenta color-forming couplers and the method of the present invention can be applied particularly to the preparation of 3-anilino-5-pyrazolones which have a hydrophobic group on the anilino group.
摘要:
A method of manufacturing a surface-coated cutting tool includes: forming an aluminum oxide layer having a layer thickness of 0.05 to 5 μm and an α-alumina structure with a corundum type crystal structure on a cutting tool body using a sol-gel method. The step of forming includes adding an alcohol to aluminum alkoxide; adding an acid; stirring the mixture at 10° C. or lower to form a sol; applying the sol on a surface of the cutting tool body or an outer-most surface of a hard-coating layer formed on the surface of the cutting tool body; performing a drying process at least once, the applied sol being dried at 100 to 400° C. in the drying process; and annealing the cutting tool body with a dried sol layer at 500 to 1000° C.
摘要:
A piezoelectric element includes a substrate, a lower electrode layer, a piezoelectric layer, and an upper electrode layer. The lower electrode layer is fixed to the substrate and the piezoelectric layer is formed on the lower electrode layer. The upper electrode layer is formed on piezoelectric layer. The lower electrode layer contains pores therein and has a larger thermal expansion coefficient than the piezoelectric layer.
摘要:
A method of manufacturing a surface-coated cutting tool includes: forming an aluminum oxide layer having a layer thickness of 0.05 to 5 μm and an α-alumina structure with a corundum type crystal structure on a cutting tool body using a sol-gel method. The step of forming includes adding an alcohol to aluminum alkoxide; adding an acid; stirring the mixture at 10° C. or lower to form a sol; applying the sol on a surface of the cutting tool body or an outer-most surface of a hard-coating layer formed on the surface of the cutting tool body; performing a drying process at least once, the applied sol being dried at 100 to 400° C. in the drying process; and annealing the cutting tool body with a dried sol layer at 500 to 1000° C.
摘要:
A D/A conversion circuit for performing D/A conversion at high speeds. The D/A conversion circuit includes a resistor string including a plurality of resistor elements connected between a low-potential power supply and a high-potential power supply. A plurality of first switch groups are connected to the connection nodes between the resistor elements for selectively outputting voltages at the connection nodes. The outputs of the switches of the first switch groups are connected in common to a corresponding one of the nodes. The plurality of nodes are connected to an output terminal of the D/A conversion circuit via a second switch group. Predetermined switches of the first switch groups are connected in parallel to third switches to apply voltages to the nodes.
摘要:
A D/A conversion circuit for performing D/A conversion at high speeds. The D/A conversion circuit includes a resistor string including a plurality of resistor elements connected between a low-potential power supply and a high-potential power supply. A plurality of first switch groups are connected to the connection nodes between the resistor elements for selectively outputting voltages at the connection nodes. The outputs of the switches of the first switch groups are connected in common to a corresponding one of the nodes. The plurality of nodes are connected to an output terminal of the D/A conversion circuit via a second switch group. Predetermined switches of the first switch groups are connected in parallel to third switches to apply voltages to the nodes.
摘要:
A level shift circuit for sustaining the activation and inactivation response of a transistor with respect to an input signal in a preferable manner. The level shift circuit includes a shift circuit for converting an input signal having a first voltage to an output signal having a second voltage that is higher than the first voltage. The voltage generation circuit includes a control voltage generation circuit, for generating control voltage having a generally constant voltage level irrespective of the level of a power supply voltage, and a bias generation circuit. The bias generation circuit generates bias voltage so that the node voltage of the shift circuit is substantially equalized with the control voltage.
摘要:
An in-cylinder injection, spark ignited internal combustion engine including a fuel injection valve spraying fuel substantially in a sector having a relatively small thickness and spreading substantially vertically to implement homogenous combustion and stratified combustion, ensures that for stratified combustion a large portion of the sprayed fuel is injected into a cavity and thus sufficiently vaporized and positioned as a combustible air fuel mixture in a vicinity of an ignition plug. A fuel injection valve is arranged at a perimeter of an upper portion of the cylinder and a piston has a top surface provided with a cavity biased in location to be farther from the fluid injection valve and having a wall opposite the fuel injection valve deviating toward the cylinder's substantial center the fuel sprayed for stratified combustion through the fuel injection valve into the cavity.
摘要:
A level shift circuit including a capacitor, a charge control circuit, and a limiting circuit. The charge control circuit is connected to the capacitor to provide the voltage of a high potential power supply to the capacitor and to control the charging of the capacitor. The limiting circuit is connected to the high potential power supply and the charge control circuit to limit the voltage provided to the capacitor from the high potential power supply before the charge control circuit stops providing the voltage of the high potential power supply to the capacitor.