摘要:
Polycrystalline and amorphous semiconductors can be annealed using a laser or electron beam to restore or obtain crystal order by epitaxial regrowth on a crystal substrate. When the annealing occurs by liquid phase epitaxy, the presence and lifetime of a molten state at the region being annealed can be used to control the annealing process. Various control mechanisms are described.
摘要:
A new mode of optical annealing is disclosed wherein two different wavelength pulses are used to anneal a damaged semiconductor substrate. The first pulse may be of relatively weak intensity, but is strongly absorbed by the solid substrate. The second pulse, which is not strongly absorbed by the solid substrate when in the solid phase, is strongly absorbed by the substrate when in the molten phase. Exposure to the first pulse results in the melting of the substrate, which then becomes highly absorptive to light at the wavelength of the second pulse. Readily available laser sources which are generally not highly absorbed by the semiconductor in the solid phase may thus be efficiently utilized.
摘要:
Damaged semiconductor materials are annealed using localized short term energy deposition. In a specific embodiment gallium arsenide damaged during ion implantation is annealed by exposure to short laser pulses.
摘要:
In a process for fabricating a nanopore device, at least one carbon nanotube catalyst region is formed on a structure. A plurality of nanopores is formed in the structure at a distance from the catalyst region that is no greater than about an expected length for a carbon nanotube synthesized from the catalyst region. Then at least one carbon nanotube is synthesized from the catalyst region. This fabrication sequence enables the in situ synthesis of carbon nanotubes at the site of nanopores, whereby one or more nanotubes articulate one or more nanopores without requiring manual positioning of the nanotubes.
摘要:
The invention features methods for evaluating the conformation of a polymer, for example, for determining the conformational distribution of a plurality of polymers and to detect binding or denaturation events. The methods employ a nanopore which the polymer, e.g., a nucleic acid, traverses. As the polymer traverses the nanopore, measurements of transport properties of the nanopore yield data on the conformation of the polymer.
摘要:
A method for controlling a gap in an electrically conducting solid state structure provided with a gap. The structure is exposed to a fabrication process environment conditions of which are selected to alter an extent of the gap. During exposure of the structure to the process environment, a voltage bias is applied across the gap. Electron tunneling current across the gap is measured during the process environment exposure and the process environment is controlled during process environment exposure based on tunneling current measurement. A method for controlling the gap between electrically conducting electrodes provided on a support structure. Each electrode has an electrode tip separated from other electrode tips by a gap. The electrodes are exposed to a flux of ions causing transport of material of the electrodes to corresponding electrode tips, locally adding material of the electrodes to electrode tips in the gap.
摘要:
A nano-scale system is provided, and a method of manufacture therefor, including a support material, a nanotube embedded in the support material and an electrical connection to the nanotube.
摘要:
In a molecular analysis system, there is provided a structure including a nanopore and first and second fluidic reservoirs. The two reservoirs are fluidically connected via the nanopore. A detector is connected to detect molecular species translocation of the nanopore, from one of the two fluidic reservoirs to the other of the two fluidic reservoirs. A controller is connected to generate a control signal to produce conditions at the nanopore to induce the molecular species to re-translocate the nanopore at least once after translocating the nanopore. This enables a method for molecular analysis in which a molecular species is translocated a plurality of times through a nanopore in a structure between two fluidic reservoirs separated by the structure.
摘要:
There is provided a substantially bare, self-supported single-layer graphene membrane including a nanopore extending through a thickness of the graphene membrane from a first to a second membrane surface opposite the first graphene membrane surface. A connection from the first graphene membrane surface to a first reservoir provides, at the first graphene membrane surface, a species in an ionic solution to the nanopore, and a connection from the second graphene membrane surface to a second reservoir is provided to collect the species and ionic solution after translocation of the species and ionic solution through the nanopore from the first graphene membrane surface to the second graphene membrane surface. An electrical circuit is connected on opposite sides of the nanopore to measure flow of ionic current through the nanopore in the graphene membrane.
摘要:
In a method for processing a nanotube, a vapor is condensed to a solid condensate layer on a surface of the nanotube and then at least one selected region of the condensate layer is locally removed by directing a beam of energy at the selected region. The nanotube can be processed with at least a portion of the solid condensate layer maintained on the nanotube surface and thereafter the solid condensate layer removed. Nanotube processing can include, e.g., depositing a material layer on an exposed nanotube surface region where the condensate layer was removed. After forming a solid condensate layer, an electron beam can be directed at a selected region along a nanotube length corresponding to a location for cutting the nanotube, to locally remove the condensate layer at the region, and an ion beam can be directed at the selected region to cut the nanotube at the selected region.