摘要:
The invention proceeds from an automatic transmission wherein upshift and downshift operations are triggered in dependence upon first and second signals for adjusting transmission ratios. The first signal is representative of the transmission output rpm and/or the engine rpm and/or the transmission input rpm and the second signal is representative of the driver command. These upshift and downshift operations take place with a hysteresis which is typical for the particular upshift and downshift operation. According to the invention, the hysteresis has a time-dependent component. Thus, a time-dependent hysteresis is defined in addition to the hysteresis mentioned above which is a basic hysteresis between upshifting and downshifting. The time-independent basic hysteresis can then be selected to be very small for adjusting the gear optimal for the particular operating condition. This affords the advantage that, for example, after an upshift, the load threshold for a pendular downshift into the previous gear is increased for a short time or, after an upshift, the load threshold for a pendular upshift into the previous gear is reduced for a short time.
摘要:
An arrangement controls the torque to be supplied by a drive unit of a motor vehicle especially a motor vehicle at standstill or a rolling motor vehicle. Apparatus are provided which compute the adjustment of the power parameters of the drive unit which is necessary for making this torque available. A correction is provided at least in dependence upon the torque requirement of a transmission unit of the motor vehicle in idle or near-idle range outside of driving operation. In addition, corrective devices with respect to engine torque loss as well as torque requirements of ancillary equipment of the motor vehicle are provided. These characteristic fields are adaptatively determined in a further embodiment and can be adapted to deterioration.
摘要:
An arrangement for controlling the output torque (M.sub.ab) of an automatic transmission (10) during the sequence of a shift operation in a motor-driven vehicle to a value pregiven by the driver is suggested with the transmission (10) having at least two transmission stages (11, 12) which can be alternately shifted into via clutches (16, 17). During upshifting, the clutch (17) assigned to the higher transmission stage is continuously closed in a time-controlled manner with the motor torque being increased correspondingly for holding the output torque (M.sub.ab) constant. The first clutch (16) is assigned to the lower transmission stage and is opened when this first clutch (16) no longer transmits torque. Thereafter, the second clutch (17) is brought to its synchronous rpm by reducing the motor torque (M.sub.m) and then driven further without slippage. The downshifting operation takes place in a changed sequence in a like manner. A great shift comfort while avoiding any jolts is obtained when shifting with the shift operations being configured as above.
摘要:
The invention is directed to an arrangement for controlling the output power of the drive unit of a motor vehicle. The drive unit includes a drive motor for generating an output torque, a transmission unit and a power transmitting device including a torque converter interconnecting the drive motor and transmission unit for transmitting torque therebetween with the power transmitting device having an output torque, the transmission unit having a transmission ratio and the torque converter having an amplification. The arrangement includes a circuit for supplying a signal indicative of a driver command and a control apparatus. The control apparatus determines a desired value for the output torque of the drive motor occurring at the output end of the power transmitting device and determines a desired value for a drive motor torque from the desired value of the output torque and from variables representing the transmission ratio of the transmission unit and the amplification of the torque converter. A desired value is provided for the drive motor torque to adjust the desired value of the output torque. The apparatus controls the drive motor torque in accordance with the desired value.
摘要:
The invention is directed to a method for controlling the operating sequences in a motor vehicle equipped with an internal combustion engine to which amounts of fuel and air are supplied for influencing the engine torque. Furthermore, the motor vehicle includes an automatic transmission having a ratio which can be changed. The overrun operation of the motor vehicle is detected in dependence upon the position of an accelerator pedal actuated by the driver and in dependence upon a comparison of the rpm of the engine and/or the input and/or the output rpm of the transmission to at least one threshold value. The fuel quantity is at least reduced compared to normal operation when an overrun is detected. The essence of the invention is that, when overrun operation of the vehicle is detected, a downshift operation of the transmission is triggered in dependence upon the further comparison of the rpm of the engine and/or the input and/or output rpms of the transmission to at least the above-mentioned threshold value or a further threshold value. In this way, the braking torque of the engine acting at the transmission output is significantly increased within a short time. Furthermore, the downshift operation can be configured to more comfortable by a short-term increase of the engine torque.
摘要:
The invention is directed to a control system for a drive unit wherein a pregiven torque occurring at the output of the drive unit is pregiven and is adjusted at the output of the drive unit on the basis of engine speed, engine temperature, the status of additional consumers and/or a measure for the air throughput independent of engine speed, temperature and/or air density.
摘要:
The present invention relates to the phosphatidylserine (PS) binding compound derivative and the fusion of PS binding compound with an arm compound. The present invention describes the methods of producing and using PS binding compound derivative and the fusion of PS binding compound with an arm compound by providing the functional group to couple with functional group containing fluorophore for multicolor flow cytometry and multiplex imaging; to conjugate with magnetic particle for depleting the PS positive cells; to couple with oligo comprising PCR handle sequence, and unique DNA barcode for PS positive cells and capture sequence for discriminating positive cells from live cells in Single-cell RNA sequencing.
摘要:
The present invention includes an apparatus, kit and method for providing a bone fixation assembly for attachment to a bone to provide augmented support. The bone fixation assembly includes a screw having a screw head and a threaded shank. A first aperture is positioned about the screw head to receive a first longitudinal member and a first compression member that engages the first aperture to secure the first longitudinal member. The screw head has a second aperture positioned to receive a second longitudinal member and a second compression member that engages the second longitudinal member aperture to secure the second longitudinal member and provide augmented support.
摘要:
A computer-implemented method may include determining whether a computing device accessing an online application marketplace is associated with a particular business entity registered with the online application marketplace. The method may further include identifying applications that were selected by a representative of the particular business entity to be identified to users whose devices are determined to be associated with the particular business entity. The method may still further include providing data for displaying the applications and a control for downloading executable code for at least one of the applications, receiving an indication that the control has been selected by the user to download the executable code for the applications, and providing the executable code for the at least one of the applications.
摘要:
A method for forming a capacitor, a capacitor formed thereby and an improved composition for a conductive coating are described. The method includes providing an anode, forming a dielectric on the anode and forming a cathode layer over the dielectric by applying a monoamine, a weak acid and a conductive polymer.