摘要:
A method and an apparatus for reducing harmful emissions in the exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine which may be a Diesel engine or an Otto engine operated by a lean fuel air mixture. The exhaust gases are subjected to a catalytic treatment for oxidizing carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons, and the exhaust gases are throttled to increase their temperature under operative conditions of heat deficiency such as at cold start. The exhaust gases are subjected to an additional catalytic treatment for reducing nitrogen oxides in a deoxidation means. The throttling of the exhaust gases is controlled such that the temperature of the exhaust gases will be within a predetermined temperature range at which said deoxidation means is operative.
摘要:
In order to reduce the exhaust gas emissions of automotive vehicle combustion engines including exhaust gas catalytic converters, the exhaust gases are caused to flow between the engine and the catalytic converter through conduit branches of different thermal caracteristics. Said conduit branches comprise a full load tube and a partial load tube, with the full load tube surrounding the partial load tube so as to provide an annular space between the full load tube and the partial load tube.
摘要:
In a sensible heat storage for automotive vehicles, in particular for heating the engine at cold start, the heat carrier for sensible heat between a heat source and/or heat sink and the heat storage is at the same time the storage medium and is adapted to be circulated independently of engine operation. Circulation of the heat carrier across the heat storage is initiated at the latest when the engine is started. It is continued until the whole contents of the heat storage have been replaced. Circulation of the heat carrier across the heat storage is resumed at the latest when the ignition of the engine is switched off, and it is continued until the contents of the heat storage have been completely replaced.
摘要:
A method of supplying a combustible gas into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine of the cylinder type during two phases. The supply of combustible gas is restricted at least towards the end of the first phase and restricting the supply of the combustible gas is terminated at least during the beginning of the second phase which ends when the piston begins to compress a charge in the combustion chamber. In this method the extent of restricting the supply of combustible gas and the times of starting and terminating to restrict the supply of combustible gas and the time of terminating the supply of combustible gas are coordinated such that the resultant piston work corresponds to the work necessary for filling the combustion chamber with a desired amount of combustible gas plus the energy necessary to increase the temperature of the charge for a predetermined amount.
摘要:
For the operation of an IC engine for low emission of pollutants and with the passage of the engine exhaust gases through a thermal converter (14), the conversion temperature is produced and maintained even in periods in which the engine temperature is otherwise too low by a heating device (14) supplied by the engine exhaust gases and designed in the form of a thermal converter.
摘要:
In the case of a heat storage means, more especially a latent heat storage means (10) for motor vehicle heating systems run on waste engine heat there is a load bearing insulation (26 28) between an inner housing (14) enclosing a storage core (16) and an outer housing (12) surrounding the inner housing with a clearance, such insulation being divided up into separate support members, which are preferably divided in support zones separated by intermediate spaces from each other.
摘要:
In order to monitor a sealed or sealable space filled more particularly with a liquid for corrosion, more particularly in a heating and cooling circuit comprising a heat storage device in a motor vehicle the pressure in the sealed space is measured and a pressure dependent indication, more particularly in the form of an alarm signal, is produced when a threshold value is exceeded.
摘要:
In an IC engine of the piston type a control valve (22) is arranged upstream from the engine inlet valve (16) in the inlet duct (14). This control valve is in the form of a directional valve with an adjustable opening threshold and preferably in the form of a check flap (26) closing in a direction opposite to the flow direction, whose release force may be adjusted and which is opened in accordance with the selected operational parameters of the IC engine and with a freely set retardation in relation to the engine inlet valve (16).
摘要:
In the case of a multicylinder IC engine of the piston type with a stroke charging means (12), and in which branch ducts (16, 18, 20 and 22) extend from at least one air inlet duct (149) to the individual engine cylinders (24, 26, 28 and 30) and at the associated cylinder such ducts are able to be shut by at least one inlet valve (32, 34, 36 and 38), in order to reduce the amount of dead space each branch duct (16, 18, 20 and 22) is provided with a further valve (58, 60, 62 and 64).
摘要:
A method and apparatus are disclosed for increasing the heat flow density of heat exchangers having at least one gaseous fluid flowing therethrough at a high velocity. In one form of the method, which may be used in motor vehicles, the energy for the acceleration of the gaseous fluid is taken from the exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine. In this respect, an exhaust gas heat exchanger used for vehicle interior heating, or a heat exchanger used for cooling the engine coolant, may be used. In order to increase the energy content of the exhaust gas, the exhaust gas undergoes a pressure build-up. The waste heat of the exhaust gas may thus be used at low engine loads, with a relatively low need for engine cooling and a relatively high need for interior heating, in order to increase the heat flow density at the exhaust gas heat exchanger for vehicle heating. While at high engine loads with a relatively small need for interior heating energy, but with a high need for engine cooling, the exhaust gas may be used for increasing the heat flow density in the radiator. Preferably, the heat exchanger system for heating the vehicle includes a selectively operable pressure build-up unit in the flow path for the exhaust gas.