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    Method of operating a multi-terminal electronic device
    4.
    发明申请
    Method of operating a multi-terminal electronic device 有权

    公开(公告)号：US20060234462A1

    公开(公告)日：2006-10-19

    申请号：US11451740

    申请日：2006-06-13

    申请人： Stanford Ovshinsky ,  Boil Pashmakov

    发明人： Stanford Ovshinsky ,  Boil Pashmakov

    IPC分类号： H01L21/20

    CPC分类号： G11C13/0004 ,  H01L45/06 ,  H01L45/1206 ,  H01L45/1233 ,  H01L45/144

    摘要： A method of operating a multi-terminal electronic device. The device includes an active material in electrical communication with three or more electrical terminals. The active material is able to undergo a transformation from one state to another state, where the two states differ in resistance. The method includes the step of providing energy between one pair of terminals of the device, where the provided energy effects a change in the state of the active material adjacent to one or more other terminals of the device. In one embodiment, energy is applied between a first terminal and a second terminal of a three-terminal device and the state of the active material adjacent to the third terminal is altered. In one embodiment, energy is applied in the form of electrical energy and the active material is a phase change material that undergoes a transformation from one structural state to another structural state. The two structural states may include different volume fractions of a crystalline phase and an amorphous phase.

    Multiple bit chalcogenide storage device
    6.
    发明申请
    Multiple bit chalcogenide storage device 有权
    多位硫族化物储存装置

    公开(公告)号：US20060118774A1

    公开(公告)日：2006-06-08

    申请号：US11339869

    申请日：2006-01-26

    申请人： Stanford Ovshinsky

    发明人： Stanford Ovshinsky

    IPC分类号： H01L47/02

    CPC分类号： G11C13/0004 ,  G11C11/56 ,  G11C11/5678 ,  H01L45/06 ,  H01L45/1206 ,  H01L45/1233 ,  H01L45/1246 ,  H01L45/144

    摘要： Multi-terminal chalcogenide memory cells having multiple binary or non-binary bit storage capacity and methods of programming same. The memory cells include a pore region containing a chalcogenide material along with three or more electrical terminals in electrical communication therewith. The configuration of terminals delineates spatially distinct regions of chalcogenide material that may be selectively and independently programmed to provide multibit storage. The application of an electrical signal (e.g. electrical current or voltage pulse) between a pair of terminals effects a structural transformation in one of the spatially distinct portions of chalcogenide material. Application of electrical signals to different pairs of terminals within a chalcogenide device effects structural transformations in different portions of the chalcogenide material. The structural states produced by the structural transformations may be used for storage of information values in a binary or non-binary (e.g. multilevel) system. The selection of terminals provides for the selective programming of specific and distinct portions within a continuous volume of chalcogenide material, where each selectively programmed portion provides for the storage of a single binary or non-binary bit. In devices having three or more terminals, two or more selectively programmable portions are present within the volume of chalcogenide material occupying the pore region and multibit storage is accordingly realized. The instant invention further includes methods of programming chalcogenide memory cells having three or more terminals directed at the storage of multiple bits of information in binary or non-binary systems.

    摘要翻译： 具有多个二进制或非二进制位存储容量的多端硫属化物存储单元及其编程方法。 存储单元包括含有硫族化物材料的孔区以及与其电连通的三个或更多个电端子。 端子的配置描绘了硫族化物材料的空间上不同的区域，其可以被选择性地和独立地编程以提供多位存储。 在一对端子之间施加电信号（例如电流或电压脉冲）会在硫族化物材料的空间上不同的部分之一中产生结构变换。 将电信号应用于硫族化物装置内不同的端子对会影响硫属化物材料的不同部分的结构变换。 由结构变换产生的结构状态可用于将信息值存储在二进制或非二进制（例如多级）系统中。 端子的选择提供了在硫族化物材料的连续体积内的特定和不同部分的选择性编程，其中每个有选择地编程的部分提供存储单个二进制或非二进制位。 在具有三个或更多个端子的器件中，在占据孔隙区域的硫族化物材料的体积内存在两个或更多个可选择性可编程部分，从而实现多位存储。 本发明还包括编程具有三个或更多个终端的硫属化物存储器单元的方法，所述三个或更多个终端指向在二进制或非二进制系统中存储多个位的信息。

    Steering assist mechanism
    7.
    发明申请
    Steering assist mechanism 审中-公开
    转向辅助机构

    公开(公告)号：US20060042864A1

    公开(公告)日：2006-03-02

    申请号：US10925290

    申请日：2004-08-24

    申请人： Stanford Ovshinsky

    发明人： Stanford Ovshinsky

    IPC分类号： B60K17/344

    CPC分类号： B62D5/02

    摘要： A steering assist mechanism for use in a vehicle having a steering linkage and an engine. The steering assist mechanism includes a driving unit having input and output ends. The output end being connected to the steering linkage. The steering assist mechanism also includes power take-off means adapted to connect the engine to the input end of the driving unit. The steering assist mechanism further includes an electromagnetic clutch in the driving unit between the input and output ends, and control means which are responsive to the torque exerted through the steering linkage to increase the energization of the clutch, whereby the steering linkage is driven by the power take-off means in a direction tending to reduce the torque.

    摘要翻译： 一种用于具有转向联动装置和发动机的车辆的转向辅助机构。 转向辅助机构包括具有输入和输出端的驱动单元。 输出端连接到转向连杆。 转向辅助机构还包括适于将发动机连接到驱动单元的输入端的动力输出装置。 转向辅助机构还包括在输入和输出端之间的驱动单元中的电磁离合器，以及响应于通过转向连杆施加的扭矩的控制装置，以增加离合器的通电，由此转向连杆由 动力输出装置意味着倾向于减小扭矩的方向。

    Mechanical and thermal improvements in metal hydride batteries, battery modules, and battery packs
    9.
    发明申请
    Mechanical and thermal improvements in metal hydride batteries, battery modules, and battery packs 有权
    金属氢化物电池，电池模块和电池组的机械和热改进

    公开(公告)号：US20050058892A1

    公开(公告)日：2005-03-17

    申请号：US10937023

    申请日：2004-09-09

    申请人： Stanford Ovshinsky ,  Dennis Corrigan ,  Srinivasan Venkatesan ,  Subhash Dhar ,  Arthur Holland ,  Donn Fillmore ,  Lin Higley ,  Philippe Gow ,  Ronald Himmler ,  Nick Karditsas ,  Kenneth Laming ,  Anthony Osgood

    发明人： Stanford Ovshinsky ,  Dennis Corrigan ,  Srinivasan Venkatesan ,  Subhash Dhar ,  Arthur Holland ,  Donn Fillmore ,  Lin Higley ,  Philippe Gow ,  Ronald Himmler ,  Nick Karditsas ,  Kenneth Laming ,  Anthony Osgood

    IPC分类号： H01M2/10 ,  H01M2/12 ,  H01M2/30 ,  H01M10/34 ,  H01M10/50

    CPC分类号： H01M2/1077 ,  H01M2/1223 ,  H01M2/30 ,  H01M10/345 ,  H01M10/443 ,  H01M10/613 ,  H01M10/617 ,  H01M10/625 ,  H01M10/63 ,  H01M10/635 ,  H01M10/647 ,  H01M10/651 ,  H01M10/652 ,  H01M10/653 ,  H01M10/654 ,  H01M10/655 ,  H01M10/6551 ,  H01M10/6554 ,  H01M10/6557 ,  H01M10/6562 ,  H01M10/6563 ,  H01M10/6567 ,  H01M10/658 ,  Y10T29/4911

    摘要： Mechanically and thermally improved rechargeable batteries, modules and fluid-cooled battery pack systems. The battery is prismatic in shape with an optimized thickness to width to height aspect ratio which provides the battery with balanced optimal properties when compared with prismatic batteries lacking this optimized aspect ratio. The optimized thickness, width and height allow for maximum capacity and power output, while eliminating deleterious side affects. The battery case design allows for unidirectional expansion which is readily compensated for by applying external mechanical compression counter to that direction. In the module, the batteries are bound within a module bundling/compression means under external mechanical compression which is optimized to balance outward pressure due to expansion and provide additional inward compression to reduce the distance between the positive and negative electrodes, thereby increasing overall battery power. The fluid-cooled battery pack includes; 1) a battery-pack case having coolant inlet and outlet; 2) battery modules within the case such that the battery module is spaced from the case walls and from other battery modules to form coolant flow channels along at least one surface of the bundled batteries; and 3) at least one coolant transport means. The width of the coolant flow channels allows for maximum heat transfer. Finally the batteries, modules and packs can also include means for providing variable thermal insulation to at least that portion of the rechargeable battery system which is most directly exposed to said ambient thermal condition, so as to maintain the temperature of the rechargeable battery system within the desired operating range thereof under variable ambient conditions.

    摘要翻译： 机械和热改善的可充电电池，模块和流体冷却电池组系统。 电池是棱柱形的，具有优化的宽度与宽高比之间的厚度，与没有优化的纵横比的棱镜电池相比，电池具有平衡的最佳性能。 优化的厚度，宽度和高度允许最大容量和功率输出，同时消除有害的副作用。 电池盒设计允许单向膨胀，通过应用与该方向相反的外部机械压缩来容易地补偿。 在模块中，电池在外部机械压缩下结合在模块捆扎/压缩装置内，其被优化以平衡由于膨胀引起的向外压力，并提供额外的向内压缩以减小正极和负极之间的距离，从而增加总体电池功率 。 流体冷却电池组包括： 1）具有冷却剂入口和出口的电池组壳体; 2）壳体内的电池模块，使得电池模块与壳体壁和其它电池模块间隔开，以沿着捆扎电池的至少一个表面形成冷却剂流动通道; 和3）至少一个冷却剂输送装置。 冷却剂流动通道的宽度允许最大的热传递。 最后，电池，模块和包装还可以包括用于向最直接暴露于所述环境热条件的可再充电电池系统的至少一部分提供可变绝热的装置，以便将可充电电池系统的温度保持在 在可变环境条件下的期望工作范围。