摘要:
An E.G.R. control system for a diesel engine is disclosed wherein a deterioration in combustion is avoided upon depressing an accelerator pedal for reacceleration after the momentary release of the accelerator pedal. An E.G.R. control unit is responsive to a load indicative signal from a load sensor and a revolution signal from a revolution sensor and generates an engine operating state indicative signal indicating that the engine operates in low load state which requires high E.G.R. flow rate. A monostable circuit, a delay circuit and a logic circuit make up a circuit means for preventing a throttle valve from being closed until the engine keeps operating in the low load state for a time longer than a predetermined time.
摘要:
In an exhaust gas recirculation control system in which a fuel injection quantity is determined on the basis of engine speed and engine load, a throttle-closed range is determined on the basis of engine speed and fuel injection quantity. An exhaust gas recirculation control valve has an electromagnetically operable valve actuator, the duty cycle of which is controlled by a control signal. The duty cycle of the valve actuator is variable in accordance with engine operational condition either in or out of the throttle-closed range. An electromagnetically operated actuator is associated with the throttle valve for controlling the operation of the latter. The actuator is operable between a throttle-open position and a throttle-closed position to operate the throttle valve depending on whether the engine operation conditions are within or out of the throttle-closed range.
摘要:
A fuel injection rate deducing system for a diesel engine includes a fuel injection pump and a fuel feed pump. The injection pump has an inlet, an outlet, and an overflow outlet. The outlet is connected to the engine to conduct fuel from the injection pump to the engine to effect fuel injection. The overflow outlet is internally connected to the inlet. A fuel feed line is connected to the inlet to conduct fuel to the injection pump. The feed pump is disposed in the feed line to drive fuel into the injection pump via the feed line. A fuel return line connects the overflow outlet to the feed line at a position upstream of the feed pump. At least some of the fuel conducted to the injection pump via the inlet exits from the injection pump via the overflow outlet and then all enters the feed pump via the return line and the feed line. A flowmeter measures the rate of fuel flow through the feed line upstream of the connection of the return line to the feed line. The measured results are used to indicate the rate of fuel injection via the injection pump.
摘要:
A throttle valve has or cooperates with a metering wall or walls which function to limit the amount of air permitted to flow past the edge of the throttle valve when it is initially moved from its closed position. The amount of rotation of the throttle valve for a given change of air flow is thus increased enabling the output of a sensor such as a variable resistor to vary sufficiently to enable an accurate indication of the amount of air passing to the engine especially at frequently used relatively low throttle settings.
摘要:
A start-up failsafe system for an engine control system monitors a command signal and the corresponding feedback signal for a fuel injection rate control servo device when the starter motor switch is closed. If the feedback signal and the command signal differ by more than a predetermined amount, the failsafe system acts to prevent operation of the starter motor.
摘要:
An optical material including a colored optically anisotropic layer, the colored optically anisotropic layer having at least one maximum absorption wavelength with a nonpolarized light transmittance of 30 percent or lower in a wavelength range of 430 to 700 nm, wherein the absorbance Amax at the polarization of maximum absorbance and the absorbance Amin at the polarization of minimum absorbance of the colored optically anisotropic layer satisfy the following relation at the maximum absorption wavelength: 1.0≦Amax/Amin≦1.4, and the in-plane retardation of the colored optically anisotropic layer is greater than or equal to 10 nm and less than 1,000 nm, which can be employed as a material for forming a color filter having optical compensation capability.
摘要:
A substrate for liquid crystal display device which can provide a vertically-aligned (VA)-mode liquid crystal display device having a good viewing angle dependence of contrast and at the same time can keep the production process as simple as possible is provided: a substrate for liquid crystal display device having a smoothing layer, the smoothing layer being a negative uniaxial optically anisotropic layer having an optical axis in the direction normal to the substrate surface, particularly the substrate for liquid crystal display device having a color filter layer and/or an electrode, and the negative uniaxial optically anisotropic layer having an optical axis in the direction normal to the substrate surface being directly provided on the color filter layer or the electrode.
摘要:
A data processing apparatus and card-sized data processing device that consume less power and operate more reliably. An antenna captures a radio wave sent from an external reader/writer device, and a receiver converts it into an electrical signal. From this electrical signal, a first power supply circuit produces a first supply voltage for use in analog circuits. A second power supply circuit produces a second supply voltage that is different from the first supply voltage, for use in memory circuits. A third power supply circuit produces a third supply voltage that is different from the other voltages, for use in digital circuits. The memory and digital circuits thus operate with different supply voltages optimized for their individual requirements. Total power consumption of the device is reduced by lowering the voltage for the digital circuits, including MPU, while giving a higher voltage to the memory circuits.
摘要:
An exposing apparatus for exposing the periphery portion of a substrate on which resist is uniformly applied while rotating the substrate by a rotating device around a substantially central portion of the substrate, comprising: an irradiating device capable of irradiating a light beam, which is not sensed by the resist, toward the periphery portion of the resist; a light receiving device disposed to confront the irradiating device, receiving the light beam and outputting a light receipt signal in accordance with the quantity of received light; a detection device for detecting the rotational angle of the resist and outputting an angular signal; a moving device for relatively moving the light beam irradiated and the substrate in a radial direction; and a control device, wherein the substrate is disposed between the irradiating device and the light receiving device so as to shield a portion of the light beam and a control device controls the moving device in accordance with the light receipt signal and the angular signal so as to relatively move the light beam and the substrate in such a manner that the radial directional width of a region which is irradiated with the light beam is substantially constant in the periphery portion of the resist.
摘要:
A testing circuit for a semiconductor device having a test mode in which the information about built-in memory cannot be read after conducting a test on a semiconductor device, and cutting a pad formed in a scribe area is provided. The scribe PAD and the scribe ROM are formed in the cutting area of a wafer. Upon power-up of a chip a, the power-on reset circuit transmits a reset signal to the mode register. After setting the initial resister value to “00”, a mode switch signal is input from the mode switch terminal, the scribe ROM is activated, and the test mode is set. In this process, a Manchester coded signal is provided from the scribe PAD, decoded by a clock of dividing frequency provided from the clock dividing circuit, the value of the register in the test mode in the mode register is set, and external reset is asserted or negated.