摘要:
Disclosed is a process and plant for producing biocoal in which biogenous starting material located in retorts is pyrolyzed and the flammable pyrolysis gases formed by the pyrolyses are burned to generate hot flue gases. The retorts are introduced consecutively into at least one reactor chamber and by use of the flue gases the pyrolyses are performed therein. The retorts are at least largely closed toward entry of hot flue gases and the heating of the starting materials located in the retorts by the flue gasses is effected only indirectly via the heating of the retorts.
摘要:
Disclosed herein are systems and methods for the conversion of solid organic waste material, such as waste plastics, into fuel for the generation of heat and power. In addition, embodiments of the systems and methods disclosed herein relate to converting solid organic waste material into a gasified material for mixing with an oxidizing gas to allow for clean combustion of the fuel, thereby minimizing emissions of pollutants.
摘要:
Methods, systems, and devices for liquid hydrocarbon fuel production, hydrocarbon chemical production, and aerosol capture are provided. For example, a carbon-oxygen-hydrogen (C—O—H) compound may be heated to a temperature of at least 800 degrees Celsius such that the C—O—H compound reacts through a non-oxidation reaction to generate at least a hydrocarbon compound that may be at least a component of a liquid hydrocarbon fuel or a hydrocarbon chemical. The liquid hydrocarbon fuel may be a liquid when at a temperature of 20 degrees Celsius. The C—O—H compound may include biomass. In some cases, the hydrocarbon compound produced through the non-oxidation reaction includes a hydrocarbon aerosol form as the hydrocarbon compound at least as it is produced or cools. Some embodiments include aerosol capture methods, systems, and devices, which may include passing a hydrocarbon aerosol form through a material in a liquid phase in order to gather the aerosol material.
摘要:
A method of gasifying carbonaceous material is described. The method comprises a first step of pyrolysing and partially gasifying the carbonaceous material to produce volatiles and char. The volatiles and the char are then separated and, subsequently, the char is gasified and the volatiles are reformed. The raw product gas is then finally cleaned with char or char-supported catalysts or other catalysts.
摘要:
A hybrid method for producing energy from a carbonaceous material including the steps of: heating the carbonaceous material under a reduced oxygen atmosphere in a distillation plant to generate distillate vapours; processing the resulting distillate vapours; transferring the char residue from the distillation plant to a power station boiler; and combusting the char residue in the power station boiler for the generation of electrical power. The char residue is transferred to a power station boiler while the char residue retains heat from the heating in the distillation plant. An integrated energy conversion system including: a distillation plant for the destructive distillation of carbonaceous material to afford distillate vapours and a char residue; a power station boiler; a means of transferring the char residue at a temperature between 300 to 700° C. from the distillation plant to the bed power station; and collection means for the distillate vapours.
摘要:
A method for operating a battery of horizontal coke ovens which are connected to primary and secondary gas-collecting mains extending alongside the battery, wherein dust-laden gas which occurs during charging of an oven is caused to flow through the secondary main while the velocity of the gas in the secondary main is maintained at a level which will prevent settling of the dust and the temperature within the secondary main is maintained at a level which will prevent condensation of tars.
摘要:
Disclosed is a process and plant for producing biocoal in which biogenous starting material located in retorts is pyrolyzed and the flammable pyrolysis gases formed by the pyrolyses are burned to generate hot flue gases. The retorts are introduced consecutively into at least one reactor chamber and by use of the flue gases the pyrolyses are performed therein. The retorts are at least largely closed toward entry of hot flue gases and the heating of the starting materials located in the retorts by the flue gasses is effected only indirectly via the heating of the retorts.
摘要:
A process and an apparatus for pyrolysis of mixed plastic feedstock producing petroleum products are described. In one example, a process for producing petroleum products includes charging feedstock of mixed polymer materials into a reactor apparatus. Heat energy is applied to the feedstock while advancing the feedstock through the reactor apparatus in an anaerobic operation. The energy input to the reactor apparatus is controlled by controlling a temperature gradient within the reactor vessel to produce petroleum gas product. The process involves in situ chemical reactions comprising cracking and recombination reactions that that are controlled to convert solid hydrocarbonaceous portion of the feedstock to molten fluids and gases inside the reactor vessel and to produce gaseous petroleum products which exit the reactor vessel. The separated solid residue from the pyrolysis process is also removed from the reactions vessel.
摘要:
Processes and systems for olefin and diluent recovery utilizing one or more side columns, including a side rectifier column and/or a side degassing column, in combination with a heavies column.
摘要:
A method of gasifying carbonaceous material is described. The method comprises a first step of pyrolyzing and partially gasifying the carbonaceous material to produce volatiles and char. The volatiles and the char are then separated and, subsequently, the char is gasified and the volatiles are reformed. The raw product gas is then finally cleaned with char or char-supported catalysts or other catalysts.