Abstract:
Biomass feedstocks (e.g., plant biomass, animal biomass, and municipal waste biomass) are processed to produce useful products, such as fuels. For example, systems are described that can convert feedstock materials to a sugar solution, which can then be fermented to produce a product such as a biofuel.
Abstract:
Disclosed are compounds that inhibit RNase H activity of retroviruses, for example, a compound of formula (I) wherein R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 are as described herein, as well as pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates, stereoisomers, and prodrugs thereof. Pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds, as well as methods of use, and treatment or prevention of infection by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
Abstract:
TSHR inverse agonists and neutral antagonists that are useful for treating Graves' orbitopathy, Graves' hyperthyroidism and/or thyroid cancer.
Abstract:
The present invention provides methods and compositions for reducing, inhibiting or preventing the development and/or production of neutralizing antibodies against therapeutic foreign proteins by co-administering the therapeutic foreign protein with a Janus kinase 3 (JAK3) inhibitor.
Abstract:
Disclosed herein are novel quinazolin-4-amine derivatives that are inhibitors of Clk1, Clk2, Clk3, Clk4, or Dyrk1A. Also disclosed are quinazolin-4-amine derivatives as potent and selective inhibitors of Clk1, Clk4, and Dyrk1A. These agents provide useful tools for the study of Clk1, Clk4 and Dyrk1A and their respective roles in pre-mRNA splicing. Methods of treating Clk1, Clk2, Clk4, or Dyrk1A kinase mediated disorders with certain quinazolin-4-amine derivatives are also disclosed.
Abstract:
Disclosed are pyruvate kinase M2 activators, which are bis sulfonamide piperazinyl and piperidinyl compounds of Formula (I), 2,4-disubstituted 4 H - thieno[3,2- c ]pyrrole-2-(substituted benzyl)pyridazin-3(2 H )-ones of Formula (II) and 6-(3,4-dimethylphenylaminosulfonyl)-3,4-dihydro-1 H -quinolin-2-one of formula (III), wherein L, R 1 , R 2 , R 11 to R 16 , R 21 and R 22 are as defined herein, that are useful in treating a number of diseases that are treatable by the activation of PKM2, for example, cancer and anemia.
Abstract:
Biomass (e.g., plant biomass, animal biomass, and municipal waste biomass) is processed to produce useful products, such as fuels. For example, systems can use feedstock materials, such as cellulosic and/or lignocellulosic materials, to produce ethanol and/or butanol, e.g., by fermentation.
Abstract:
A method of thermocompressive bonding of one or more electrical devices using individual heating elements and a resilient member to force the individual heating elements into compressive engagement with the electrical devices is provided. The individual heating elements may be Curie-point heating elements or conventional resistive heating elements. A method of thermocompressive bonding of one or more electrical devices using a transparent flexible platen and thermal radiation is also provided. In one embodiment, the thermal radiation is near infra-red thermal radiation and the transparent flexible platen is composed of silicone rubber. The bonding material may be an adhesive or a thermoplastic bonding material. A method of capacitively coupling a semiconductor chip to an electrical component with a pressure sensitive adhesive is also provided. The method includes compressing the chip by forcing a flexible platen of a bonding device into compressive engagement with the semiconductor chip.
Abstract:
A method of thermocompressive bonding of one or more electrical devices using individual heating elements and a resilient member to force the individual heating elements into compressive engagement with the electrical devices is provided. The individual heating elements may be Curie-point heating elements or conventional resistive heating elements. A method of thermocompressive bonding of one or more electrical devices using a transparent flexible platen and thermal radiation is also provided. In one embodiment, the thermal radiation is near infra-red thermal radiation and the transparent flexible platen is composed of silicone rubber. The bonding material may be an adhesive or a thermoplastic bonding material. A method of capacitively coupling a semiconductor chip to an electrical component with a pressure sensitive adhesive is also provided. The method includes compressing the chip by forcing a flexible platen of a bonding device into compressive engagement with the semiconductor chip.
Abstract:
An RFID device tester includes coupling elements for capacitively coupling a reader to an RFID device to be tested. The reader may power the RFID device by sending an outgoing signal, such as an outgoing AC power signal, which may be rectified and/or reflected by the RFID device, if the RFID device is operating properly. The outgoing signal may have a frequency that is different from the resonant frequency of an antenna of the RFID device. A reader in the RFID device tester detects the reflected and/or transmitted signal to confirm proper operation of the RFID device. The RFID device tester may be used as part of a roll-to-roll process, to individually test RFID devices on a roll of material. By utilizing short-range capacitive coupling, difficulties caused by simultaneous activation of multiple RFID devices may be reduced or avoided.