Iodination process for the preparation of 3, 5-disubstituted-2, 4, 6-triiodo aromatic amines compounds
    104.
    发明授权
    Iodination process for the preparation of 3, 5-disubstituted-2, 4, 6-triiodo aromatic amines compounds 有权
    用于制备3,5-二取代-2,4,6-三碘芳族胺化合物的碘化方法

    公开(公告)号:US09382194B2

    公开(公告)日:2016-07-05

    申请号:US14355396

    申请日:2011-10-31

    IPC分类号: C07C231/12

    摘要: The invention discloses a improved process for the preparation of 3,5-disubstituted-2,4,6-triiodo aromatic amines of formula (II), wherein R1 and R2 are defined as herein. The compounds of formula (II) are the key intermediates for the synthesis of a series of non-ionic contrast agents such as Iopamidol, Iohexol and Iodixanol. The process comprises reacting chlorine-free iodinating reagents with 3,5-disubstituted-2,4,6-triiodo aromatic amines to obtain 3,5-disubstituted-2,4,6-triiodo aromatic amines of formula (II), wherein the molar yield of the iodination reaction can reach to 89%.

    摘要翻译: 本发明公开了制备式(II)的3,5-二取代-2,4,6-三碘芳族胺的改进方法,其中R 1和R 2如本文所定义。 式(II)化合物是合成一系列非离子造影剂如伊扑帕醇,碘海醇和碘代醇的关键中间体。 该方法包括使无氯碘化试剂与3,5-二取代-2,4,6-三碘芳族胺反应,得到式(II)的3,5-二取代-2,4,6-三碘芳族胺,其中 碘化反应的摩尔产率可以达到89%。

    Vehicle with variable air intake system
    106.
    发明授权
    Vehicle with variable air intake system 有权
    具有可变进气系统的车辆

    公开(公告)号:US08939126B2

    公开(公告)日:2015-01-27

    申请号:US13189446

    申请日:2011-07-22

    摘要: In accordance with exemplary embodiments, a variable air intake system and method is provided for a vehicle. The system comprises an engine a controller coupled to the engine. The controller also couples to and controls an air intake system including a first air inlet port and a second air inlet port having a valve operable to move between a closed position and an open position responsive to the controller to provide air to the engine via a filter. A sensor is disposed between the filter and the engine to communicate with the controller for controlling the valve. The method comprises determining engine speed and air flow for an engine of a vehicle and comparing via the engine speed and air flow to a respective high threshold and low threshold. A valve within a second (controlled) air inlet port is opened when the engine speed and air flow each exceed the respective high threshold and closed when the engine speed and air flow each are below the respective low threshold.

    摘要翻译: 根据示例性实施例,为车辆提供可变进气系统和方法。 该系统包括联接到发动机的发动机控制器。 控制器还耦合到并控制包括第一空气入口和第二进气口的进气系统,该进气口具有可操作以响应于控制器在关闭位置和打开位置之间移动的阀,以通过过滤器向发动机提供空气 。 传感器设置在过滤器和发动机之间以与控制器通信以控制阀。 该方法包括确定车辆的发动机的发动机转速和气流,并且经由发动机转速和空气流量比较到相应的高阈值和低阈值。 当发动机转速和空气流量均超过相应的高阈值时,第二(受控)进气口内的阀门打开,当发动机转速和空气流量均低于相应的低阈值时关闭。

    Apparatus for self-phase modulation noise calculation, apparatus for self-phase modulation noise elimination and optical coherent receiver
    107.
    发明授权
    Apparatus for self-phase modulation noise calculation, apparatus for self-phase modulation noise elimination and optical coherent receiver 有权
    用于自相位调制噪声计算的装置,用于自相位调制噪声消除的装置和光学相干接收机

    公开(公告)号:US08886056B2

    公开(公告)日:2014-11-11

    申请号:US13221312

    申请日:2011-08-30

    摘要: The present invention provides apparatus for self-phase modulation noise calculation, apparatus for self-phase modulation noise elimination and optical coherent receiver. The apparatus for calculation comprises: a signal receiver to receive an input signal; a calculator connected to the signal receiver to calculate a self-phase modulation noise at the current instant by using the signal powers of an input signal waveform at the current instant and at several sampling instants adjacent to the current instant. The embodiments of the present invention calculates the self-phase modulation noise at a certain instant by using the signal powers at a plurality of digital sampling periods before and after this instant, and when the apparatus is used to calculate the self-phase modulation noise of each of the sub-spans in an optical fiber transmission link, in case that the calculation precision is ensured, the granularity of the sub-spans may be reduced, thereby lowering the complexity of the calculation.

    摘要翻译: 本发明提供了用于自相位调制噪声计算的装置,用于自相位调制噪声消除的装置和光学相干接收机。 该计算装置包括:接收输入信号的信号接收器; 连接到信号接收器的计算器,通过使用当前时刻的输入信号波形的信号功率和与当前时刻相邻的几个采样时刻来计算当前时刻的自相位调制噪声。 本发明的实施例通过在该时刻之前和之后的多个数字采样周期中使用信号功率来计算某一时刻的自相位调制噪声,并且当该装置用于计算自相位调制噪声的自相位调制噪声 在光纤传输链路中的每个子跨度,在确保计算精度的情况下,可能减小子跨度的粒度,从而降低计算的复杂度。

    Optical receiving apparatus and digital receiving circuit
    109.
    发明授权
    Optical receiving apparatus and digital receiving circuit 有权
    光接收装置和数字接收电路

    公开(公告)号:US08744276B2

    公开(公告)日:2014-06-03

    申请号:US12408176

    申请日:2009-03-20

    IPC分类号: H04B10/00

    摘要: An optical receiving apparatus includes a combining unit that combines signal light and reference light; a optoelectric converting unit that converts, into electrical signals, two or more optical signals that enable reconstruction of a complex electric field signal of the signal light obtained by the combining unit; and a sampling clock generating unit that generates a sampling clock that has a frequency preset based on a symbol rate of the signal light and is asynchronous with the signal light. The optical receiving apparatus further includes a digital converting unit that samples at the frequency of the sampling clock signal, an electrical signal obtained by the optoelectric converting unit and converts the electrical signal into a digital signal; and a digital signal processing unit that demodulates a received signal based on a complex digital signal obtained from the digital signal obtained by the digital converting unit.

    摘要翻译: 光接收装置包括组合信号光和参考光的组合单元; 光电转换单元,其将电信号转换成能够重构由组合单元获得的信号光的复电场信号的两个或更多个光信号; 以及采样时钟产生单元,其生成具有基于信号光的符号率预设的频率并且与信号光异步的采样时钟。 光接收装置还包括数字转换单元,以采样时钟信号的频率采样,由光电转换单元获得的电信号,并将该电信号转换为数字信号; 以及数字信号处理单元,其基于从由数字转换单元获得的数字信号获得的复数数字信号来解调接收信号。

    Input/output efficiency for online analysis processing in a relational database
    110.
    发明授权
    Input/output efficiency for online analysis processing in a relational database 失效
    关系数据库中在线分析处理的输入/输出效率

    公开(公告)号:US08719312B2

    公开(公告)日:2014-05-06

    申请号:US13430897

    申请日:2012-03-27

    IPC分类号: G06F7/00 G06F17/30

    CPC分类号: G06F17/30315 G06F17/30592

    摘要: Embodiments of the invention relate to improved input/output efficiency for online analysis processing in a relational database. An aspect of the invention includes selecting a table from a relational database. The table is split by column into sub-tables, with at least one of the sub-tables including at least two columns. Each sub-table is written into a corresponding table of a row-based storage database.

    摘要翻译: 本发明的实施例涉及改进关系数据库中在线分析处理的输入/输出效率。 本发明的一个方面包括从关系数据库中选择一个表。 该表按列划分为子表,其中至少一个子表至少包括两列。 每个子表都写入基于行的存储数据库的相应表。