公开(公告)号：US20170063240A1

公开(公告)日：2017-03-02

申请号：US14833467

申请日：2015-08-24

Applicant: Nitin Kumar ,  Markus Ziegler ,  Andrew Johnsen

Inventor： Nitin Kumar ,  Markus Ziegler ,  Andrew Johnsen

IPC: H02M3/335

CPC classification number: H02M3/33507 ,  H02M1/44 ,  H02M3/335 ,  H02M2001/0006 ,  H02M2001/348

Abstract: A DC-DC flyback converter includes a transformer and a switching component connected between the transformer and a ground. The switching component controls current flow through the primary winding of the transformer. A snubber circuit is connected between ground and the connection between the transformer and the switching component. The snubber circuit reduces transient voltage spikes across the switching component. A capacitive component of the snubber circuit provides stability for a primary side auxiliary output voltage while maintaining power factor and THD performance.

Abstract translation: DC-DC反激转换器包括变压器和连接在变压器和地之间的开关元件。 开关元件控制通过变压器初级绕组的电流。 缓冲电路连接在地和变压器与开关元件之间的连接处。 缓冲电路减少了开关元件上的瞬态电压尖峰。 缓冲电路的电容分量为初级侧辅助输出电压提供稳定性，同时保持功率因数和THD性能。

公开(公告)号：US08917729B1

公开(公告)日：2014-12-23

申请号：US13315119

申请日：2011-12-08

Applicant: Nitin Kumar ,  Alex Baban

Inventor： Nitin Kumar ,  Alex Baban

IPC: H04L12/28 ,  H04W88/16 ,  H04L12/701 ,  H04L12/781 ,  H04L12/24 ,  H04W8/18 ,  H04W40/00 ,  H04L12/723

CPC classification number: H04L45/00 ,  H04L41/0893 ,  H04L45/22 ,  H04L45/28 ,  H04L45/50 ,  H04L45/507 ,  H04L45/52 ,  H04W8/18 ,  H04W40/00 ,  H04W88/16

Abstract: Techniques are described for maintaining a forwarding information base (FIB) within a packet-forwarding engine (PFE) of a router, and programming a packet-forwarding integrated circuit (IC) with a hardware version of the FIB. Entries of the hardware version identify primary forwarding next hops and backup forwarding next hops for the LSPs, wherein the packet-forwarding IC includes a control logic module and internal selector block configured to produce a value indicating a state of the first physical link. The selector block outputs one of the primary forwarding next hop and the backup forwarding next hop of the entries for forwarding the MPLS packets based on the value in response to the packet-processing engine addressing one of the entries of the FIB for the LSPs. Packets are forwarded with the PFE to the one of the primary forwarding next hop and the backup forwarding next hop output by the selector block.

Abstract translation: 描述了用于在路由器的分组转发引擎（PFE）内维护转发信息库（FIB）的技术，并且利用FIB的硬件版本来编程分组转发集成电路（IC）。 硬件版本的条目识别LSP的主转发下一跳和后续转发，其中分组转发IC包括控制逻辑模块和内部选择器块，其被配置为产生指示第一物理链路的状态的值。 选择器块输出主要转发下一跳和用于转发MPLS分组的条目的备用转发下一跳，该响应于响应于分组处理引擎寻址用于LSP的FIB的条目中的一个的值。 分组与PFE一起转发到主转发下一跳和选择器块下一跳输出的备份转发。

公开(公告)号：US08588807B2

公开(公告)日：2013-11-19

申请号：US12769442

申请日：2010-04-28

Applicant: Nitin Kumar

Inventor： Nitin Kumar

IPC: H04W24/00 ,  H04M1/00 ,  H04W36/00

CPC classification number: H04W48/18 ,  H04W64/00

Abstract: Techniques to dynamically manage wireless connections using a coverage database are described. For example, a mobile computing device may comprise a connection management module operative to dynamically select a wireless connection technology based on a location of the mobile computing device and information from a coverage database, and to initiate a wireless connection using the selected wireless connection technology. Other embodiments are described and claimed.

Abstract translation: 描述了使用覆盖数据库动态管理无线连接的技​​术。 例如，移动计算设备可以包括连接管理模块，其可操作以基于移动计算设备的位置和来自覆盖数据库的信息来动态地选择无线连接技术，并且使用所选择的无线连接技术发起无线连接。 描述和要求保护其他实施例。

公开(公告)号：US08535972B2

公开(公告)日：2013-09-17

申请号：US12172110

申请日：2008-07-11

Applicant: Zachary M. Fresco ,  Chi-I Lang ,  Jinhong Tong ,  Anh Duong ,  Nitin Kumar ,  Anna Tsimelzon ,  Tony Chiang

Inventor： Zachary M. Fresco ,  Chi-I Lang ,  Jinhong Tong ,  Anh Duong ,  Nitin Kumar ,  Anna Tsimelzon ,  Tony Chiang

IPC: H01L51/40

CPC classification number: H01L23/5329 ,  C09D129/04 ,  H01L21/02063 ,  H01L21/02074 ,  H01L21/3105 ,  H01L21/31058 ,  H01L21/76814 ,  H01L21/7682 ,  H01L21/76826 ,  H01L21/76829 ,  H01L2221/1063 ,  H01L2924/0002 ,  H01L2924/00

Abstract: Methods of modifying a patterned semiconductor substrate are presented including: providing a patterned semiconductor substrate surface including a dielectric region and a conductive region; and applying an amphiphilic surface modifier to the dielectric region to modify the dielectric region. In some embodiments, modifying the dielectric region includes modifying a wetting angle of the dielectric region. In some embodiments, modifying the wetting angle includes making a surface of the dielectric region hydrophilic. In some embodiments, methods further include applying an aqueous solution to the patterned semiconductor substrate surface. In some embodiments, the conductive region is selectively enhanced by the aqueous solution. In some embodiments, methods further include providing the dielectric region formed of a low-k dielectric material. In some embodiments, applying the amphiphilic surface modifier modifies an interaction of the low-k dielectric region with a subsequent process.

公开(公告)号：US20130034722A1

公开(公告)日：2013-02-07

申请号：US13195119

申请日：2011-08-01

Applicant: Nikhil D. Kalyankar ,  Nitin Kumar

Inventor： Nikhil D. Kalyankar ,  Nitin Kumar

IPC: B05D5/06 ,  G02B5/22

CPC classification number: G02B1/11 ,  G02B2207/107 ,  G02B2207/109 ,  Y10T428/249984

Abstract: Durable porous low refractive index coatings, methods and compositions for forming the porous low refractive index coatings are provided. The method comprises coating a substrate with a sol formulation comprising a silane-based binder having one or more reactive groups and silica based nanoparticles and annealing the coated substrate. The silane-based binder comprises from about 30 wt. % to about 70 wt. % ash contribution in the total ash content of the sol formulation. Porous coatings formed according to the embodiments described herein demonstrate good optical properties (e.g., a low refractive index) while maintaining good mechanical durability due to the presence of a high amount of binder and a closed pore structure.

Abstract translation: 提供耐久的多孔低折射率涂层，用于形成多孔低折射率涂层的方法和组合物。 该方法包括用包含具有一个或多个反应性基团的硅烷基粘合剂和基于二氧化硅的纳米颗粒的溶胶制剂涂覆基材并对涂覆的基材进行退火。 硅烷基粘合剂包含约30wt。 ％至约70wt。 灰分对溶胶配方总灰分的贡献。 根据本文所述的实施方案形成的多孔涂层表现出良好的光学性能（例如，低折射率），同时由于存在大量粘合剂和闭孔结构而保持良好的机械耐久性。

公开(公告)号：US08344375B2

公开(公告)日：2013-01-01

申请号：US13312061

申请日：2011-12-06

Applicant: Nitin Kumar ,  Tony Chiang ,  Chi-I Lang ,  Prashant B Phatak ,  Jinhong Tong

Inventor： Nitin Kumar ,  Tony Chiang ,  Chi-I Lang ,  Prashant B Phatak ,  Jinhong Tong

IPC: H01L29/12 ,  H01L29/02

CPC classification number: G11C13/0007 ,  G11C2213/32 ,  G11C2213/52 ,  G11C2213/72 ,  G11C2213/73 ,  H01L27/2463 ,  H01L45/04 ,  H01L45/1233 ,  H01L45/1253 ,  H01L45/146 ,  H01L45/1608

Abstract: Nonvolatile memory elements are provided that have resistive switching metal oxides. The nonvolatile memory elements may be formed by depositing a metal-containing material on a silicon-containing material. The metal-containing material may be oxidized to form a resistive-switching metal oxide. The silicon in the silicon-containing material reacts with the metal in the metal-containing material when heat is applied. This forms a metal silicide lower electrode for the nonvolatile memory element. An upper electrode may be deposited on top of the metal oxide. Because the silicon in the silicon-containing layer reacts with some of the metal in the metal-containing layer, the resistive-switching metal oxide that is formed is metal deficient when compared to a stoichiometric metal oxide formed from the same metal.

Abstract translation: 提供具有电阻开关金属氧化物的非易失性存储元件。 非易失性存储元件可以通过将含金属的材料沉积在含硅材料上而形成。 含金属材料可以被氧化以形成电阻式开关金属氧化物。 当施加热量时，含硅材料中的硅与含金属材料中的金属反应。 这形成用于非易失性存储元件的金属硅化物下电极。 上部电极可以沉积在金属氧化物的顶部。 由于含硅层中的硅与含金属层中的一些金属反应，与由相同金属形成的化学计量的金属氧化物相比，形成的电阻 - 开关金属氧化物是金属缺陷的。

公开(公告)号：US08254270B2

公开(公告)日：2012-08-28

申请号：US12683656

申请日：2010-01-07

Applicant: Nitin Kumar ,  Alex Baban ,  Alok Khambatkone

Inventor： Nitin Kumar ,  Alex Baban ,  Alok Khambatkone

IPC: H04L12/28 ,  H04J14/00 ,  H04B10/08

CPC classification number: H04J3/1611 ,  H04L45/245 ,  H04L45/60 ,  H04L49/1515 ,  H04L49/557 ,  Y02D50/30

Abstract: A network device provides a selector list that includes indices of child nexthops associated with the network device, where each of the child nexthops is associated with a corresponding child link provided in an aggregated bundle of child links. The network device also receives an indication of a failure of a child link in the aggregated bundle of child links, and removes, from the selector list, an index of a child nexthop associated with the failed child link. The network device further receives probabilities associated with the child links of the aggregated bundle of child links. Each of the probabilities indicates a probability of a packet exiting the network device on a child link. The network device also creates a distribution table based on the probabilities associated with the child links, and rearranges values provided in the distribution table.

Abstract translation: 网络设备提供选择器列表，其包括与网络设备相关联的儿童下一代的索引，其中每个子下游商店与在聚合的子链路组中提供的对应的子链接相关联。 所述网络设备还接收所述聚合的子链路束中的子链路的故障的指示，并从所述选择器列表中移除与所述失败的子链接相关联的子下一跳的索引。 网络设备进一步接收与聚合的子链路捆绑的子链路相关联的概率。 每个概率表示在子链路上离开网络设备的分组的概率。 网络设备还基于与子链路相关联的概率创建分发表，并重新排列分发表中提供的值。

公开(公告)号：US20120196397A1

公开(公告)日：2012-08-02

申请号：US13442171

申请日：2012-04-09

Applicant: Jian Li ,  Minh Anh Nguyen ,  Nikhil Kalyankar ,  Nitin Kumar ,  Craig Hunter

Inventor： Jian Li ,  Minh Anh Nguyen ,  Nikhil Kalyankar ,  Nitin Kumar ,  Craig Hunter

IPC: H01L31/18

CPC classification number: H01L31/0516 ,  H01L21/228 ,  H01L31/02363 ,  H01L31/068 ,  H01L31/0682 ,  H01L31/1804 ,  H02S50/10 ,  Y02B10/10 ,  Y02E10/547 ,  Y02P70/521

Abstract: Embodiments of the current invention describe methods of forming different types of crystalline silicon based solar cells that can be combinatorially varied and evaluated. Examples of these different types of solar cells include front and back contact silicon based solar cells, all-back contact solar cells and selective emitter solar cells. These methodologies all incorporate the formation of site-isolated regions using a combinatorial processing tool and the use of these site-isolated regions to form the solar cell area. Therefore, multiple solar cells may be rapidly formed on a single crystalline silicon substrate for use in combinatorial methodologies. Any of the individual processes of the methods described may be varied combinatorially to test varied process conditions or materials.

Abstract translation: 本发明的实施例描述了可以组合地改变和评估的不同类型的晶体硅基太阳能电池的形成方法。 这些不同类型的太阳能电池的实例包括正面和背面接触硅基太阳能电池，全背接触太阳能电池和选择性发射极太阳能电池。 这些方法都使用组合处理工具形成位点隔离区域，并且使用这些位置隔离区域形成太阳能电池区域。 因此，可以在用于组合方法的单晶硅衬底上快速形成多个太阳能电池。 可以组合地改变所描述的方法的任何单独过程以测试各种工艺条件或材料。

公开(公告)号：US08216384B2

公开(公告)日：2012-07-10

申请号：US12614310

申请日：2009-11-06

Applicant: Nitin Kumar ,  Guizhen Zhang

Inventor： Nitin Kumar ,  Guizhen Zhang

IPC: C23G1/02

CPC classification number: C11D11/0047 ,  C11D3/042 ,  C11D7/08 ,  G03F7/423 ,  Y10S134/902

Abstract: Embodiments of the current invention describe a cleaning solution for the removal of high dose implanted photoresist, along with methods of applying the cleaning solution to remove the high dose implanted photoresist and combinatorially developing the cleaning solution.

Abstract translation: 本发明的实施方案描述了用于去除高剂量植入光刻胶的清洁溶液，以及施加清洁溶液以除去高剂量植入光刻胶并组合显影清洁溶液的方法。

公开(公告)号：US20120122461A1

公开(公告)日：2012-05-17

申请号：US12879934

申请日：2010-09-10

Applicant: Asif Hossain ,  Janell Paulson ,  Vincent Arcelo ,  Anand Kashikar ,  Nitin Kumar ,  Nash Raghavan

Inventor： Asif Hossain ,  Janell Paulson ,  Vincent Arcelo ,  Anand Kashikar ,  Nitin Kumar ,  Nash Raghavan

IPC: H04W72/04

CPC classification number: H04W72/085

Abstract: Techniques to manage communications resources for a mobile device are described. An apparatus may comprise a mobile computing device having a radio arranged to communicate information over a wireless link, a link classifier arranged to generate a class parameter for the wireless link based on signal quality measurements of the wireless link, and a data service manager arranged to receive a data service request from an application, determine whether the application may communicate information over the wireless link based on the class parameter for the wireless link, and generate a control directive for the application granting or denying the data service request. Other embodiments are described and claimed.

Abstract translation: 描述了用于管理移动设备的通信资源的技术。 一种装置可以包括移动计算设备，其具有被布置成通过无线链路传送信息的无线电设备，布置成基于无线链路的信号质量测量来生成无线链路的类参数的链路分类器，以及布置成 从应用接收数据服务请求，确定应用是否可以基于无线链路的类参数通过无线链路传送信息，并且生成用于授予或拒绝数据服务请求的应用的控制指令。 描述和要求保护其他实施例。