摘要:
An APD in which a first undoped semiconductor region and a second undoped semiconductor region having different semiconductor materials and arranged on an insulating film configure a photo-absorption layer and a multiplying layer, respectively, is employed, whereby crystalline of an interface between the photo-absorption layer and the multiplying layer becomes favorable, and a dark current caused by crystal defects can be decreased. Accordingly, light-receiving sensitivity of an avalanche photodiode can be improved. Further, doping concentration of the light-receiving layer and the multiplying layer can be made small. Therefore, a junction capacitance of the diode can be decreased, and a high-speed operation becomes possible.
摘要:
Disclosed is a silicon optical waveguide having a small optical loss and no polarization dependency. The silicon optical waveguide is formed on a silicon substrate with an embedded oxide film therebetween, the plane orientation of the surface of the silicon optical waveguide is the (110) plane, the plane orientation of the side wall is the (111) plane, and the recesses and projections of the side wall are planarized at an atomic level.
摘要:
A semiconductor photodiode includes a semiconductor substrate; a first conduction type first semiconductor layer formed above the semiconductor substrate; a high resistance second semiconductor layer formed above the first semiconductor layer; a first conduction type third semiconductor layer formed above the second semiconductor layer; and a second conduction type fourth semiconductor layer buried in the second semiconductor layer, in which the fourth semiconductor layer is separated at a predetermined distance in a direction horizontal to the surface of the semiconductor substrate.
摘要:
A semiconductor photodiode device includes a semiconductor substrate, a first buffer layer containing a material different from that of the semiconductor substrate in a portion thereof, a first semiconductor layer formed above the buffer layer and having a lattice constant different from that of the semiconductor substrate, a second buffer layer formed above the first semiconductor layer and containing an element identical with that of the first semiconductor layer in a portion thereof, and a second semiconductor layer formed above the buffer layer in which a portion of the first semiconductor layer is formed of a plurality of island shape portions each surrounded with an insulating film, and the second buffer layer allows adjacent islands of the first semiconductor layer to coalesce with each other and is in contact with the insulating film.
摘要:
A self emission silicon emission display is provided at a low price, which contains silicon and oxygen which exist in abundance on the earth as the main component and which can be easily formed by conventional silicon process. A light emission element includes a first electrode for injecting electrons, a second electrode for injecting holes, and a light emission part electrically connected to the first electrode and the second electrode, where the light emission part includes amorphous or polycrystalline silicon consisting of a single layer or plural layers and where the dimension of the silicon in at least one direction is controlled to be several nanometers.
摘要:
The present invention provides a personal information management system, a personal information management program and a personal information protecting method capable of storing personal information in consideration of security protection and facilitating utilization of the stored information. A personal information management system for handling personal information has a function of connection to a personal information dispersion management server that provides functions of encrypting personal information by the secret sharing scheme and decrypting the encrypted personal information with an index key for decrypting. The system has a search keyword management database storing the index key for decrypting and a personal information managing apparatus. When a request for storing personal information requiring security protection is generated, the personal information is divided and stored in the personal information dispersion management server, and the personal information is stored so as to be associated with the index key for decrypting into the search keyword management database.
摘要:
A server for authenticating a user has a receiving unit, an identification mail transmitting unit and an authentication control section. The receiving unit receives an authentication request from the user. The identification mail transmitting unit transmits an identification mail to the user. The identification mail identifies whether or not the user is a legitimate user. The authentication control section determines that the authentication request is unsuccessful regardless of whether or not a digital signature on the authentication request is valid, when the identification mail identifies that the user is not the legitimate user.
摘要:
An objective lens for endoscopes comprises a front lens unit component and a rear lens unit component, between which a stop is located, wherein a front lens unit component comprises, in order from the object side, a first lens having a negative refractive power and a second lens having a positive refractive power which directs a surface of the small radius of curvature toward the object side; wherein a rear lens unit component comprises a third lens having a positive refractive power which directs a surface of the small radius of curvature toward the image side, a fourth lens having a positive refractive power and a fifth lens having a negative refractive power; and wherein the fourth lens and the fifth lens are cemented, and satisfying the following condition: 2.0
摘要:
A NOx catalyst for selectively reducing NOx in exhaust gas by adsorbing ammonia is provided at an exhaust system of an engine, ammonia or urea water is supplied to the NOx catalyst by reducing agent supplying means, a consumption amount of ammonia adsorbed to the NOx catalyst is derived by consumption amount deriving means based on an exhaust amount of NOx exhausted from the engine detected or estimated by NOx exhaust amount deriving means and an actual NOx cleaning rate by the NOx catalyst derived by actual NOx cleaning rate deriving means, an actual adsorption amount of ammonia adsorbed to the NOx catalyst is derived in accordance with an addition amount of ammonia and the consumption amount of ammonia by adsorption amount deriving means and the reducing agent supplying means is controlled by controlling means in accordance with the actual adsorption amount.
摘要:
A non-contact temperature sensor includes a holder serving as a light conducting portion for guiding infrared rays incident from a first opening at its one end; a plastic film arranged at a second opening of the other end of tile light conducting portion; a cover for sealing the second opening at the other end of the holder so as to provide a space between itself and the plastic film, an infrared ray detection heat-sensitive element arranged on the side of the space of the plastic film, for detecting the infrared rays incident from the first opening; and a temperature compensating heat-sensitive means arranged in the vicinity of the holder, for detecting the temperature of the holder. In this configuration, the surface temperature of the body-to-be-detected can be precisely detected in a short time.