Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for producing passivation layers on crystalline silicon by a) coating the silicon with a solution containing at least one polysilazane of the general formula (1): —(SiR′R″—NR′″)-n, wherein R′, R″, R′″ are the same or different and stand independently of each other for hydrogen or a possibly substituted alkyl, aryl, vinyl, or (trialkoxysilyl)alkyl group, wherein n is an integer and n is chosen such that the polysilazane has a number average molecular weight of 150 to 150,000 g/mol, b) subsequently removing the solvent by evaporation, whereby polysilazane layers of 50-500 nm thickness remain on the silicon wafer, and c) heating the polysilazane layer at normal pressure to 200-1000° C. in the presence of air or nitrogen, wherein upon tempering the ceramic layers release hydrogen for bulk passivation of the silicon.
Abstract:
A method for manufacturing a fiber composite component having an integral structural design includes positioning a sheet-like fibrous semi-finished product in a mold that defines an outer contour of the fiber composite component. Dimensionally stable fibrous semi-finished products, each having dimensions corresponding to a respective portion of the manufactured fiber composite component, are arranged on the sheet-like fibrous semi-finished product. The dimensionally stable fibrous semi-finished products are stabilized and fixed in place using mold cores. The semi-finished products are resin infiltrated using one of a first or a second gating process so as to form a construct. The first gating process includes gating via the mold cores at a head of each dimensionally stable fibrous semi-finished product and performing extraction in an area of the mold. The second gating process including gating in an area of the mold and performing extraction via the mold cores at the head of each dimensionally stable fibrous semi-finished product. The construct is hardened and demolded by removing the mold cores.
Abstract:
The invention relates polysilazane-containing coatings for increasing the light permeability of sun-facing covers of solar cells. The coating for surfaces contains at least one polysilazane of formula (1) —(SiRR′R″—NR′″1)n- (1), wherein R′, R″, R′″ are the same or different or represent an optionally substituted alkyl, aryl, vinyl or (trialkoxysilyl)alkyl group, n being an integer and n being chosen in such a manner that the perhydropolysilazane has a number average molecular weight of 150 to 150,000 g/mol, a solvent and a catalyst. The cured coating has a thickness of at least 0.50-10 micrometer, preferably 0.2 to 5 micrometer, especially preferred 0.5 to 1.5 micrometer. It is especially suitable as transmission-promoting coating for use in sun-facing covers of solar cells.
Abstract:
A method for manufacturing a fiber composite component having an integral structural design includes positioning a sheet-like fibrous semi-finished product in a mold that defines an outer contour of the fiber composite component. Dimensionally stable fibrous semi-finished products, each having dimensions corresponding to a respective portion of the manufactured fiber composite component, are arranged on the sheet-like fibrous semi-finished product. The dimensionally stable fibrous semi-finished products are stabilized and fixed in place using mold cores. The semi-finished products are resin infiltrated using one of a first or a second gating process so as to form a construct. The first gating process includes gating via the mold cores at a head of each dimensionally stable fibrous semi-finished product and performing extraction in an area of the mold. The second gating process including gating in an area of the mold and performing extraction via the mold cores at the head of each dimensionally stable fibrous semi-finished product. The construct is hardened and demolded by removing the mold cores.
Abstract:
A photopolymerizable mixture is described, which contains a polymeric binder; an acrylate or alkacrylate of a polyhydric alcohol possessing at least one photooxidizable group; a compound or a combination of compounds being capable of initiating the polymerization of the ester under the action of light in the spectral region of 450 nm to 650 nm; and at least one compound which absorbs light in the region below 450 nm or which upon exposure forms a compound absorbing light in said region, whereby the optical density of the exposed mixture in this region is at least 2.0 at a layer thickness of 2 .mu.m. The mixture is useful for the production of masters or intermediate masters for reprographic layers being sensitive to light in the UV region, exposure of the mixture itself being performed with visible light.
Abstract:
An apparatus for making a rotationally symmetrical body formed of crisscross-wound layers includes a winding mandrel, a carriage reciprocating along the mandrel and a thread laying assembly mounted on the carriage. The assembly has a pivotal device, and four thread laying rollers mounted for rotation on the pivotal device. The shafts of the rollers extend parallel to one another and are situated at points of an imaginary equilateral trapezoid having a plane perpendicular to the roller shafts. Each roller has a plurality of circumferential grooves for simultaneously guiding and depositing on the mandrel a plurality of parallel-running threads. Two rollers are situated on one side of the pivot axis of the pivotal device and form a first roller pair and two rollers are situated on an opposite side of the pivot axis and form a second roller pair. Within each roller pair the grooves of the rollers are in alignment with one another, while the grooves of the first roller pair are offset with respect to the grooves of the second roller pair by one half of the center-to-center distance between adjoining grooves. Further, supplying rollers for guiding threads to the first and second roller pairs are provided.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a thin-film solar cell (10) comprising a substrate (1) of metal or glass, a photovoltaic layer structure (4) of the copper-indium sulphide (CIS) type or the copper-indium-gallium selenide (CIGSe) type, and an encapsulating layer (5) based on a polysilazane.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a thin-film solar cell (10) comprising a substrate (1) of metal or glass, a dielectric barrier layer (2) based on a polysilazane and a photovoltaic layer structure (4) of the copper-indium sulphide (CIS) type or the copper-indium selenide (CIGSe) type.
Abstract:
A method of manufacturing a component from a composite-fiber-material semifinished product includes providing a forming support having a contour including at least one section corresponding to a surface of the manufactured component. The semifinished product is placed onto the forming support and the semifinished product is formed such that the semifinished product contacts the forming support. Further, a device form manufacturing component includes the forming support having the contour including at least one section corresponding to the surface of the manufacture component.
Abstract:
A photopolymerizable mixture is disclosed that comprises,a) a polymeric binder,b) an acrylate or alkacrylate of a polyhydric alcohol containing one or more urea groups and one or more urethane groups,c) a photoreducible dye as photoinitiator,d) a trihalomethyl compound which can be cleaved by irradiation, ande) an acridine or phenazine compound which is active as a photoinitiator.The mixture is suitable for the production of printing plates and photoresists and is distinguished by an increased shelf life.