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公开(公告)号：US3942952A
公开(公告)日：1976-03-09
申请号：US499586
申请日：1974-08-22
申请人： John G. Atwood
发明人： John G. Atwood
CPC分类号： G01N35/025 , B01L7/02 , G01N2035/00455
摘要： A moisturizing system for preventing evaporation of samples in a sample platter used in an automatic analysis apparatus in which the sample platter is provided with a channel which can be filled with water and a cover placed over the sample platter with an opening only at the point where samples are drawn from the platter, the platter being rotated relative to this opening to thereby insure that a high level of humidity is maintained over the samples preventing evaporation thereof.
摘要翻译： 一种用于防止在自动分析装置中使用的样品盘中的样品蒸发的保湿系统，其中样品盘设有可填充水的通道和放置在样品盘上的盖，只有在 样品从盘片中抽出，盘片相对于该开口旋转，从而确保在样品上保持高水平的湿度，防止其蒸发。
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公开(公告)号：US08246243B2
公开(公告)日：2012-08-21
申请号：US12686100
申请日：2010-01-12
申请人： John G. Atwood , Adrian Fawcett , Keith S. Ferrara , Paul M. Hetherington , Richard W. Noreiks , Douglas E. Olsen , John R. Widomski , Charles M. Wittmer
发明人： John G. Atwood , Adrian Fawcett , Keith S. Ferrara , Paul M. Hetherington , Richard W. Noreiks , Douglas E. Olsen , John R. Widomski , Charles M. Wittmer
CPC分类号： B01L7/52 , B01L3/50853 , B01L2300/0829 , B01L2300/1822 , B01L2300/1827 , C12Q1/686 , F25B21/04 , F25B2321/021 , G01R27/205 , G05D23/1919 , H01L35/30 , Y10T137/1516
摘要： An instrument for performing highly accurate PCR employing an assembly, a heated cover, and an internal computer, is provided. The assembly is made up of a sample block, a number of Peltier thermal electric devices, and a heat sink, clamped together. A control algorithm manipulates the current supplied to thermoelectric coolers such that the dynamic thermal performance of a block can be controlled so that pre-defined thermal profiles of sample temperature can be executed. The sample temperature is calculated instead of measured using a design specific model and equations. The control software includes calibration diagnostics which permit variation in the performance of thermoelectric coolers from instrument to instrument to be compensated for such that all instruments perform identically. The block/heat sink assembly can be changed to another of the same or different design. The assembly carries the necessary information required to characterize its own performance in an on-board memory device, allowing the assembly to be interchangeable among instruments while retaining its precision operating characteristics.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种使用组件，加热盖和内部计算机执行高精度PCR的仪器。 组件由样品块，多个珀耳帖热电器件和散热器组成，夹在一起。 控制算法控制提供给热电冷却器的电流，使得可以控制块的动态热性能，从而可以执行样本温度的预定义热分布。 计算样品温度，而不是使用设计特定的模型和方程来测量。 控制软件包括校准诊断，其允许从仪器到仪器的热电冷却器的性能的变化被补偿，使得所有仪器执行相同的操作。 块/散热器组件可以改变为相同或不同设计的另一个。 该组件携带在板载存储器件中表征其自身性能所需的必要信息，允许组件在仪器之间可互换，同时保持其精密操作特性。
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公开(公告)号：US07537377B2
公开(公告)日：2009-05-26
申请号：US11057960
申请日：2005-02-15
申请人： John G. Atwood , Adrian Fawcett , Keith S. Ferrara , Paul M. Hetherington , Richard W. Noreiks , Douglas E. Olsen , John R. Widomski , Charles M. Wittmer
发明人： John G. Atwood , Adrian Fawcett , Keith S. Ferrara , Paul M. Hetherington , Richard W. Noreiks , Douglas E. Olsen , John R. Widomski , Charles M. Wittmer
CPC分类号： B01L7/52 , B01L3/50853 , B01L2300/0829 , B01L2300/1822 , B01L2300/1827 , C12Q1/686 , F25B21/04 , F25B2321/021 , G01R27/205 , G05D23/1919 , H01L35/30 , Y10T137/1516
摘要： A method for performing highly accurate PCR employing an assembly, a heated cover and an internal computer. The assembly is made up of a sample block, a number of Peltier thermal electric devices and heat sink, clamped together. The sample block temperature is changed exclusively by the thermoelectric devices controlled by the computer. The control software includes calibration diagnostics which permit variation in the performance of thermoelectric coolers from instrument to instrument to be compensated for such that all instruments perform identically. The block heat sink assembly can be changed to another of the same or different design. The assembly carries the necessary information required to characterize its own performance in an on-board memory device, allowing the assembly to be interchangeable among instruments while retaining its precision operating characteristics. The instrument monitors the thermoelectric devices and warns of changes in resistance that may result in failure.
摘要翻译： 使用组件，加热盖和内部计算机执行高精度PCR的方法。 该组件由样品块，多个珀耳帖热电装置和散热器组成，夹在一起。 样品块温度由计算机控制的热电装置专门改变。 控制软件包括校准诊断，其允许从仪器到仪器的热电冷却器的性能的变化被补偿，使得所有仪器执行相同的操作。 块式散热器组件可以改变为相同或不同设计的另一种。 该组件携带在板载存储器件中表征其自身性能所需的必要信息，允许组件在仪器之间可互换，同时保持其精密操作特性。 仪器监测热电器件，并警告可能导致故障的电阻变化。
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公开(公告)号：US06818437B1
公开(公告)日：2004-11-16
申请号：US09700536
申请日：2001-11-29
IPC分类号： C12M134
CPC分类号： G01N21/6428 , B01L3/5085 , B01L7/52 , B01L2200/10 , B01L2300/0654 , B01L2300/0663 , B01L2300/1811 , C12Q1/686 , C12Q2545/101 , G01N21/274 , G01N21/645 , G01N21/6452 , G01N2021/6419 , G01N2021/6421 , G01N2021/6439 , G01N2021/6441 , G01N2021/6463 , G01N2021/6482 , G01N2201/0245 , G01N2201/06113 , G01N2201/0628 , G01N2201/0635 , G01N2201/0636 , G01N2201/068 , C12Q2563/107
摘要： An optical instrument monitors PCR replication of DNA in a reaction apparatus having a temperature cycled block with vials of reaction ingredients including dye that fluoresces in presence of double-stranded DNA. A beam splitter passes an excitation beam to the vials to fluoresce the dye. An emission beam from the dye is passed by the beam splitter to a CCD detector from which a processor computes DNA concentration. A reference strip with a plurality of reference emitters emit reference beams of different intensity, from which the processor selects an optimum emitter for compensating for drift. Exposure time is automatically adjusted for keeping within optimum dynamic ranges of the CCD and processor. A module of the beam splitter and associated optical filters is associated with selected dye, and is replaceable for different dyes.
摘要翻译： 光学仪器监测具有温度循环阻滞的反应装置中DNA的PCR复制，所述反应装置具有小瓶反应成分，包括在双链DNA存在下发荧光的染料。 分束器将激发光束传递到小瓶以使染料发荧光。 来自染料的发射光束通过分束器传递到CCD检测器，处理器从该CCD检测器计算DNA浓度。 具有多个参考发射器的参考条发射不同强度的参考光束，处理器从该参考光束选择用于补偿漂移的最佳发射器。 自动调整曝光时间以保持CCD和处理器的最佳动态范围。 分束器和相关的滤光器的模块与选定的染料相关联，并且可替代不同的染料。
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公开(公告)号：US5675700A
公开(公告)日：1997-10-07
申请号：US462926
申请日：1995-06-05
申请人： John G. Atwood , Lawrence A. Haff
发明人： John G. Atwood , Lawrence A. Haff
IPC分类号： C12M1/00 , B01J19/00 , B01L3/00 , B01L7/00 , B01L9/00 , C12M1/14 , C12N15/09 , C12Q1/68 , C40B40/06 , G01N20060101 , G01N1/31 , G01N35/00 , A47J27/00
CPC分类号： G01N1/312 , B01J19/0046 , B01L3/508 , B01L7/52 , C12Q1/6841 , C12Q1/686 , B01J2219/00722 , B01L2200/0684 , B01L2200/0689 , B01L2300/041 , B01L2300/0822 , B01L2300/1827 , B01L2300/185 , B01L9/52 , C40B40/06 , Y10S435/809
摘要： A complete in situ PCR system for amplification of nucleic acids contained in a prepared cell or tissue sample. The containment system for the PCR sample comprises a glass microscope slide, a specimen sample containing the target nucleic acid sequence mounted on the slide, a flexible plastic cover over the sample, and a retaining assembly fastened to the slide and to the cover to retain and seal a reaction mixture against the sample during thermal cycling. The retaining assembly includes a rigid ring on a rim portion of the cover, a cross beam having spaced parallel rails joined by opposite flat ends, and a pair of clips which are pressed over the ends and opposite sides of the slide to fasten the cross beam and cover to the slide.
摘要翻译： 用于扩增制备的细胞或组织样品中所含核酸的完整原位PCR系统。 用于PCR样品的容纳系统包括玻璃显微镜载玻片，含有安装在载玻片上的靶核酸序列的样本样本，样品上的柔性塑料盖，以及固定到载玻片和保护盖的保持组件， 在热循环期间将反应混合物密封在样品上。 保持组件包括在盖的边缘部分上的刚性环，具有由相对的平坦端连接的间隔开的平行轨道的横梁和被压在滑块的端部和相对侧上的一对夹子，以将横梁 并覆盖到幻灯片。
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公开(公告)号：US5527510A
公开(公告)日：1996-06-18
申请号：US462925
申请日：1995-06-05
申请人： John G. Atwood , Lawrence A. Haff
发明人： John G. Atwood , Lawrence A. Haff
IPC分类号： C12M1/00 , B01J19/00 , B01L3/00 , B01L7/00 , B01L9/00 , C12M1/14 , C12N15/09 , C12Q1/68 , C40B40/06 , G01N20060101 , G01N1/31 , G01N35/00
CPC分类号： G01N1/312 , B01J19/0046 , B01L3/508 , B01L7/52 , C12Q1/6841 , C12Q1/686 , B01J2219/00722 , B01L2200/0684 , B01L2200/0689 , B01L2300/041 , B01L2300/0822 , B01L2300/1827 , B01L2300/185 , B01L9/52 , C40B40/06 , Y10S435/809
摘要： A complete in situ PCR system for amplification of nucleic acids contained in a prepared cell or tissue sample. The containment system for the PCR sample comprises a glass microscope slide, a specimen sample containing the target nucleic acid sequence mounted on the slide, a flexible plastic cover over the sample, and a retaining assembly fastened to the slide and to the cover to retain and seal a reaction mixture against the sample during thermal cycling. The retaining assembly includes a rigid ring on a rim portion of the cover, a cross beam having spaced parallel rails joined by opposite flat ends, and a pair of clips which are pressed over the ends and opposite sides of the slide to fasten the cross beam and cover to the slide.
摘要翻译： 用于扩增制备的细胞或组织样品中所含核酸的完整原位PCR系统。 用于PCR样品的容纳系统包括玻璃显微镜载玻片，含有安装在载玻片上的靶核酸序列的样本样本，样品上的柔性塑料盖，以及固定到载玻片和保护盖的保持组件， 在热循环期间将反应混合物密封在样品上。 保持组件包括在盖的边缘部分上的刚性环，具有由相对的平坦端连接的间隔开的平行轨道的横梁和被压在滑块的端部和相对侧上的一对夹子，以将横梁 并覆盖到幻灯片。
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公开(公告)号：US4021123A
公开(公告)日：1977-05-03
申请号：US651542
申请日：1976-01-22
CPC分类号： B01L7/00 , G01N21/0332
摘要： A heat exchanger for photometric analysis apparatus in which a sample to be analyzed is brought through a thermostated metal block to a sample cell made of highly conductive material, the sample cell being contained within a cavity atop the block and thermally isolated therefrom whereby the sample is preheated to a desired temperature and remains at that temperature within the sample cell during a predetermined analysis period.
摘要翻译： 一种用于光度分析装置的热交换器，其中将要分析的样品通过恒温金属块带到由高导电材料制成的样品池中，所述样品池包含在所述嵌段顶部的空腔内并与之热隔离，由此样品为 预热至所需温度，并在预定分析期间保持在样品池内的该温度。
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公开(公告)号：US3981041A
公开(公告)日：1976-09-21
申请号：US499856
申请日：1974-08-22
申请人： John G. Atwood , Lucian C. Ducret
发明人： John G. Atwood , Lucian C. Ducret
CPC分类号： G01N35/1004
摘要： A sponge irrigation system for automatic analysis apparatus in which wiping sponges are used to wipe off the tips of pipettes, probes and so on to accurately control drops on the tips thereof, in which irrigation fluid for maintaining a clean irrigated sponge is sequentially provided to each of the sponges in the system with vacuum means used to sequentially draw from the sponges contaminated liquid, thereby assuring that each sponge is properly and equally irrigated.
摘要翻译： 用于自动分析装置的海绵冲洗系统，其中使用擦拭海绵来擦拭移液管，探针等的尖端，以精确地控制其顶端的滴液，其中用于保持清洁的灌溉海绵的冲洗液顺序地提供给每个 的系统中的海绵用真空装置，用于从海绵中污染的液体顺序地抽取，从而确保每个海绵被适当地和均等地灌溉。
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公开(公告)号：US3963909A
公开(公告)日：1976-06-15
申请号：US499616
申请日：1974-08-22
申请人： John G. Atwood , Peter H. Heinz
发明人： John G. Atwood , Peter H. Heinz
CPC分类号： G01N21/272 , G01R19/12 , Y10T436/12
摘要： The nominally linear reaction rate and the curvature thereof are computed over an observation period by integrating the absorbance signal in opposite directions during portions of the observation period.
摘要翻译： 在观察期间，通过在观察期间的部分期间将相对方向的吸光度信号进行积分，来计算标称线性反应率及其曲率。
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公开(公告)号：US3954339A
公开(公告)日：1976-05-04
申请号：US499595
申请日：1974-08-22
摘要： An annular position sensor employing optical fibers in pairs, one end of the fiber of each pair being associated with a single light source and the corresponding ends of the other fibers of each pair being associated with respective light detectors. The opposite ends of each pair of fibers terminate at mutually conjugate points with respect to, and on opposite sides of the focus of, a collimating lens element disposed to view a retro-reflector mounted on a rotational member to be monitored.
摘要翻译： 使用成对的光纤的环形位置传感器，每对光纤的一端与单个光源相关联，并且每对光纤的其它光纤的对应端与相应的光检测器相关联。 每对纤维的相对端终止于设置成观察安装在待监测的旋转构件上的反光镜的相对于焦点的聚焦点的相对共同点处。
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