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    Absorbance measuring photometer
    3.
    发明授权
    Absorbance measuring photometer 失效
    吸收式测光仪

    公开(公告)号：US4053236A

    公开(公告)日：1977-10-11

    申请号：US703520

    申请日：1976-07-08

    申请人： John G. Atwood ,  Hamilton W. Marshall, Jr. ,  Charles F. DE Mey, II

    发明人： John G. Atwood ,  Hamilton W. Marshall, Jr. ,  Charles F. DE Mey, II

    IPC分类号： G01J1/16 ,  G01N21/25 ,  G01J3/50

    CPC分类号： G01J1/1626 ,  G01N21/251

    摘要： An absorbance measuring photometer, for measuring the absorbance of a sample in a sample cell, in which light of preselected wavelengths from one of two alternately utilizable sources of different wavelengths is formed into a beam and the etendu of the beam defined. The beam is then split into two separate beams one of which is directed through the sample cell onto a first detector and the other of which is passed directly onto a reference detector. The beam is so directed though the sample cell that it does not touch the cell walls and both beams are imaged on their respective detectors so as to be wholly within the photosensitive area thereof.

    Thermal Cycler for PCR
    5.
    发明申请
    Thermal Cycler for PCR 有权
    热循环仪用于PCR

    公开(公告)号：US20100173400A1

    公开(公告)日：2010-07-08

    申请号：US12686100

    申请日：2010-01-12

    申请人： John G. Atwood ,  Adrian Fawcett ,  Keith S. Ferrara ,  Paul M. Hetherington ,  Richard W. Noreiks ,  Douglas E. Olsen ,  John R. Widomski ,  Charles M. Wittmer

    发明人： John G. Atwood ,  Adrian Fawcett ,  Keith S. Ferrara ,  Paul M. Hetherington ,  Richard W. Noreiks ,  Douglas E. Olsen ,  John R. Widomski ,  Charles M. Wittmer

    IPC分类号： C12M1/00 ,  F25B21/02

    CPC分类号： B01L7/52 ,  B01L3/50853 ,  B01L2300/0829 ,  B01L2300/1822 ,  B01L2300/1827 ,  C12Q1/686 ,  F25B21/04 ,  F25B2321/021 ,  G01R27/205 ,  G05D23/1919 ,  H01L35/30 ,  Y10T137/1516

    摘要： An instrument for performing highly accurate PCR employing an assembly, a heated cover, and an internal computer, is provided. The assembly is made up of a sample block, a number of Peltier thermal electric devices, and a heat sink, clamped together. A control algorithm manipulates the current supplied to thermoelectric coolers such that the dynamic thermal performance of a block can be controlled so that pre-defined thermal profiles of sample temperature can be executed. The sample temperature is calculated instead of measured using a design specific model and equations. The control software includes calibration diagnostics which permit variation in the performance of thermoelectric coolers from instrument to instrument to be compensated for such that all instruments perform identically. The block/heat sink assembly can be changed to another of the same or different design. The assembly carries the necessary information required to characterize its own performance in an on-board memory device, allowing the assembly to be interchangeable among instruments while retaining its precision operating characteristics.

    摘要翻译： 提供了一种使用组件，加热盖和内部计算机执行高精度PCR的仪器。 组件由样品块，多个珀耳帖热电器件和散热器组成，夹在一起。 控制算法控制提供给热电冷却器的电流，使得可以控制块的动态热性能，从而可以执行样本温度的预定义热分布。 计算样品温度，而不是使用设计特定的模型和方程来测量。 控制软件包括校准诊断，其允许从仪器到仪器的热电冷却器的性能的变化被补偿，使得所有仪器执行相同的操作。 块/散热器组件可以改变为相同或不同设计的另一个。 该组件携带在板载存储器件中表征其自身性能所需的必要信息，允许组件在仪器之间可互换，同时保持其精密操作特性。

    Thermal cycler for PCR
    6.
    发明授权
    Thermal cycler for PCR 有权
    热循环仪用于PCR

    公开(公告)号：US07645070B2

    公开(公告)日：2010-01-12

    申请号：US11804298

    申请日：2007-05-17

    申请人： John G. Atwood ,  Adrian Fawcett ,  Keith S. Ferrara ,  Paul M. Hetherington ,  Richard W. Noreiks ,  Douglas E. Olsen ,  John R. Widomski ,  Charles M. Wittmer

    发明人： John G. Atwood ,  Adrian Fawcett ,  Keith S. Ferrara ,  Paul M. Hetherington ,  Richard W. Noreiks ,  Douglas E. Olsen ,  John R. Widomski ,  Charles M. Wittmer

    IPC分类号： G01K1/14 ,  G01K17/00 ,  G01K13/12 ,  G01K25/00 ,  G12M1/34

    CPC分类号： B01L7/52 ,  B01L3/50853 ,  B01L2300/0829 ,  B01L2300/1822 ,  B01L2300/1827 ,  C12Q1/686 ,  F25B21/04 ,  F25B2321/021 ,  G01R27/205 ,  G05D23/1919 ,  H01L35/30 ,  Y10T137/1516

    摘要： An instrument for performing highly accurate PCR employing an assembly, a heated cover, and an internal computer, is provided. The assembly is made up of a sample block, a number of Peltier thermal electric devices, and a heat sink, clamped together. A control algorithm manipulates the current supplied to thermoelectric coolers such that the dynamic thermal performance of a block can be controlled so that pre-defined thermal profiles of sample temperature can be executed. The sample temperature is calculated instead of measured using a design specific model and equations. The control software includes calibration diagnostics which permit variation in the performance of thermoelectric coolers from instrument to instrument to be compensated for such that all instruments perform identically. The block/heat sink assembly can be changed to another of the same or different design. The assembly carries the necessary information required to characterize its own performance in an on-board memory device, allowing the assembly to be interchangeable among instruments while retaining its precision operating characteristics.

    摘要翻译： 提供了一种使用组件，加热盖和内部计算机执行高精度PCR的仪器。 组件由样品块，多个珀耳帖热电器件和散热器组成，夹在一起。 控制算法控制提供给热电冷却器的电流，使得可以控制块的动态热性能，从而可以执行样本温度的预定义热分布。 计算样品温度，而不是使用设计特定的模型和方程来测量。 控制软件包括校准诊断，其允许从仪器到仪器的热电冷却器的性能的变化被补偿，使得所有仪器执行相同的操作。 块/散热器组件可以改变为相同或不同设计的另一个。 该组件携带在板载存储器件中表征其自身性能所需的必要信息，允许组件在仪器之间可互换，同时保持其精密操作特性。

    Thermal cycler for PCR
    7.
    发明申请
    Thermal cycler for PCR 有权
    热循环仪用于PCR

    公开(公告)号：US20080314431A1

    公开(公告)日：2008-12-25

    申请号：US12229404

    申请日：2008-08-22

    申请人： John G. Atwood ,  Adrian Fawcett ,  Keith S. Ferrara ,  Paul M. Hetherington ,  Richard W. Noreiks ,  Douglas E. Olsen ,  John R. Widomski ,  Charles M. Wittmer

    发明人： John G. Atwood ,  Adrian Fawcett ,  Keith S. Ferrara ,  Paul M. Hetherington ,  Richard W. Noreiks ,  Douglas E. Olsen ,  John R. Widomski ,  Charles M. Wittmer

    IPC分类号： H01L35/28

    CPC分类号： B01L7/52 ,  B01L3/50853 ,  B01L2300/0829 ,  B01L2300/1822 ,  B01L2300/1827 ,  C12Q1/686 ,  F25B21/04 ,  F25B2321/021 ,  G01R27/205 ,  G05D23/1919 ,  H01L35/30 ,  Y10T137/1516

    摘要： An instrument for performing highly accurate PCR employing an assembly, a heated cover, and an internal computer, is provided. The assembly is made up of a sample block, a number of Peltier thermal electric devices, and a heat sink, clamped together. A control algorithm manipulates the current supplied to thermoelectric coolers such that the dynamic thermal performance of a block can be controlled so that pre-defined thermal profiles of sample temperature can be executed. The sample temperature is calculated instead of measured using a design specific model and equations. The control software includes calibration diagnostics which permit variation in the performance of thermoelectric coolers from instrument to instrument to be compensated for such that all instruments perform identically. The block/heat sink assembly can be changed to another of the same or different design. The assembly carries the necessary information required to characterize its own performance in an on-board memory device, allowing the assembly to be interchangeable among instruments while retaining its precision operating characteristics.

    摘要翻译： 提供了一种使用组件，加热盖和内部计算机执行高精度PCR的仪器。 组件由样品块，多个珀耳帖热电器件和散热器组成，夹在一起。 控制算法控制提供给热电冷却器的电流，使得可以控制块的动态热性能，从而可以执行样本温度的预定义热分布。 计算样品温度，而不是使用设计特定的模型和方程来测量。 控制软件包括校准诊断，其允许从仪器到仪器的热电冷却器的性能的变化被补偿，使得所有仪器执行相同的操作。 块/散热器组件可以改变为相同或不同设计的另一个。 该组件携带必要的信息，以在车载存储设备中表征自己的性能，允许组件在仪器之间可互换，同时保持其精确的操作特性。

    Method for determining the characteristics of the concentration growth of target nucleic acid molecules in polymerase chain reaction sample
    8.
    发明授权
    Method for determining the characteristics of the concentration growth of target nucleic acid molecules in polymerase chain reaction sample 失效
    确定聚合酶链反应样品中靶核酸分子浓度增长特征的方法

    公开(公告)号：US5766889A

    公开(公告)日：1998-06-16

    申请号：US255507

    申请日：1994-06-08

    申请人： John G. Atwood

    发明人： John G. Atwood

    IPC分类号： G01N33/58 ,  C07H21/04 ,  C12N15/09 ,  C12Q1/68 ,  C12P19/34

    CPC分类号： C12Q1/6816 ,  C12Q1/6851

    摘要： Apparatus and method for determining an unknown starting molar concentration of target nucleic acid molecules at the beginning of a polymerase chain reaction in a sample reaction mixture containing suitable buffers, two complementary kinds of oligonucleotide primers, a molar excess of four kinds of nucleoside triphosphates, a DNA polymerase, and the unknown starting molar concentration of target nucleic acid molecules, wherein the two kinds of primers are provided in a known concentration (C.sub.po), the method including the steps of adding a reporter molecule which does not significantly interfere with the reaction and does not emit a strong signal in the absence of double-stranded DNA, but makes the dsDNA created by the reaction detectable and measurable at least once each cycle, thermal cycling one or more standard reaction mixtures which are substantially the same in every respect except they have known starting molar concentration of target mucleic acid molecules to obtain one or more growth curves with known starting molar concentrations of target nucleic acid molecules, exciting the reaction mixture during at least the extension portion of each cycle, detecting and measuring the intensity of the signal during at least the extension portion of each of the cycles, converting said intensity to molar concentration values of dsDNA and storing the molar concentration values for each of the extension portions of each of the cycles, generating a measured curve of molar concentration of dsDNA versus cycle number from the stored concentration values, using successive approximations, determining values of e.sub.v, e.sub.s, a, C.sub.z (n) and A.sub.z (n) which provide a best fit of the measured curve to the one or more known growth curves according to the following relation: C.sub.n+1 =C.sub.n e.sub.v plus the minimum of ##EQU1##

    摘要翻译： 在含有合适的缓冲液，两种互补种类的寡核苷酸引物，摩尔过量的四种核苷三磷酸酯的样品反应混合物中，在聚合酶链式反应开始时确定靶核酸分子的未知起始摩尔浓度的装置和方法， DNA聚合酶和目标核酸分子的未知起始摩尔浓度，其中两种引物以已知浓度（Cpo）提供，该方法包括添加不显着干扰反应的报道分子和 在不存在双链DNA的情况下不会发出强信号，但是通过反应产生的dsDNA可以每个循环至少检测一次并测量至少一次，热循环一个或多个标准反应混合物，在各方面基本相同，除了它们 已知已知起始摩尔浓度的靶核酸分子获得一个或多个 具有已知的起始摩尔浓度的靶核酸分子的生长曲线，在每个循环的至少延伸部分期间激发反应混合物，在每个循环的至少延伸部分期间检测和测量信号的强度，将所述强度 至dsDNA的摩尔浓度值，并存储每个循环的每个延伸部分的摩尔浓度值，根据存储的浓度值产生dsDNA的摩尔浓度与循环数的测量曲线，使用逐次逼近，确定ev ，es，a，Cz（n）和Az（n），其根据以下关系提供测量曲线与一个或多个已知生长曲线的最佳拟合：Cn + 1 = Cnev加上